Alice of Montferrat

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Alice of Montferrat (French: Alix, Italian: Alasia; died c. 1232) was a Lombard noblewoman who was the queen of Cyprus by marriage to King Henry I from 1229 until her death.

Alice of Montferrat
Queen consort of Cyprus
Reign1229–1232
Diedc. 1232
Burial
SpouseHenry I of Cyprus
HouseAleramici
FatherWilliam VI, Marquis of Montferrat
MotherBerta of Clavesana

Life

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Alice was the daughter of William VI of Montferrat and Berta of Clavesana, hailing from Piedmont in the Holy Roman Empire. It is not known when she was born.[1] Her father was one of the most loyal vassals of Emperor Frederick II,[2] and the House of Montferrat was closely associated with both the Hohenstaufen emperors and the Lusignan kings of Cyprus.[3]

Marriage & death

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Frederick chose Alice to be the bride of the young King Henry.[4] Alice's royal match was a sign of the reconciliation of the emperor and her brother, Boniface II of Montferrat.[3] Alice and Henry were married by proxy in 1229,[5] and she was escorted to Cyprus by the emperor's supporters.[4] The emperor regarded himself as the overlord of the Kingdom of Cyprus but was opposed by the nobility headed by the House of Ibelin. The War of the Lombards ensued.[6] Once in Cyprus, Alice was crowned queen. Henry, then aged 12, was too young for the marriage to be consummated.[7]

 
Fortress of Kyrenia

Alice was in Kyrenia with the Lombard faction when the Ibelins laid a 10-month-long siege, while Henry joined the besiegers.[8] Loyal to Frederick's cause, Alice was in Kyrenia voluntarily. She became ill during the siege and died between 1231 and early 1232.[9] Fighting was interrupted so that her corpse could be ceremoniously handed over to Henry for royal burial.[4] She was interred in the Cathedral of Saint Sophia by the archbishop of Nicosia, Eustorgius of Montaigu.[9] Henry had never seen her living,[4] and the diplomatic relations between the houses of Montferrat and Lusignan lapsed.[9]

References

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  1. ^ Haberstumpf 1995, p. 123.
  2. ^ Runciman 1989, p. 192.
  3. ^ a b Haberstumpf 1995, p. 122.
  4. ^ a b c d Runciman 1989, p. 202.
  5. ^ Haberstumpf 1995, pp. 123–124.
  6. ^ Runciman 1989, p. 85.
  7. ^ Haberstumpf 1995, p. 124.
  8. ^ Runciman 1989, pp. 202, 203.
  9. ^ a b c Haberstumpf 1995, p. 125.

Sources

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  • Edbury, Peter W. (1994). The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-45837-5.
  • Haberstumpf, Walter (1995). Dinastie europee nel Mediterraneo orientale: i Monferrato e i Savoia nei secoli XII-XV (in Italian). Scriptorium. ISBN 8886231253.
  • Runciman, Steven (1989). A History of the Crusades, Volume III: The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-06163-6.
Royal titles
Vacant
Title last held by
Alice of Champagne
Queen consort of Cyprus
1229–1232
Vacant
Title next held by
Stephanie of Lampron