Alfons Mumm von Schwarzenstein

Philipp Alfons Freiherr Mumm von Schwarzenstein (19 March 1859 – 10 July 1924) (also known as Alfons von Mumm) was a diplomat of the German Empire. He succeeded the murdered Baron Clemens von Ketteler as ambassador in Beijing in 1900.

Early life

Mumm studied law at Göttingen University and entered the diplomatic service afterwards.

Career

He served in London (1885), Washington D.C. (1888), Bucharest (1892–93), Rome (1893–94), Luxembourg (1898) and again in Washington (1899). During his years in China, he dealt with the Boxer Rebellion and signed The Boxer Protocol on September 7, 1901, on behalf of Germany, maintained an extraordinarily good relation with Empress Dowager Cixi, but also he took many pictures of China in the 1900s as an amateur photographer. From 1909-11, he was ambassador of the German Reich in Japan. He retired in 1911, but was reactivated 1914 in Berlin.

In March through November 1918, he represented the German Reich in Kiev.^[1]^[2]

Personal life

In 1911, he bought and restored a medieval castle in the small village of Portofino, Italy, where he eventually retired in 1920 with his Scottish wife Jeannie von Mumm.^[3] During the Second World War his then-widow Jeannie is now considered "the saviour" of Portofino because she persuaded Lieutenant Ernst Reimers not to ignite the charges the Germans planned to detonate during their retreat from the village.^[4]

Baron Mumm von Schwartzenstein died on his Italian estate at Portofino on 10 July 1924.^[5]

Works

Ein Tagebuch in Bildern (1902), private print scanned by Tōyō Bunko exlibris George Ernest Morrison
Kriegslyrik (1914–18) in several volumes printed privately
Mein ligurisches Heim (in Portofino). Mit Freunden für Freunde zusammengestellt und nach eigenen Aufnahmen illustrirt. (private print). Berlin 1915.

References

^ All-Ukrainian Union of Zemstvos at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
^ Kulynych, I.M., Kryvets, N.V. Mumm von Schwartzenstein (МУММ ФОН ШВАРЦЕНШТАЙН). Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. "Naukova Dumka". Kiev, 2010
^ "The Glaswegian who saved an Italian village from the Nazis - The Scotsman". Archived from the original on 2019-09-27.
^ Peter Hahn (ed.), Alfons & Jeannie von Mumm: Cosmopolitans and Honorary Citizens of Portofino, catalogue of exhibition, Portofino, 2013
^ "Baron Mumm von Schwarzenstein". The New York Times. 12 July 1924. Retrieved 14 February 2024.

Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Viktor Henckel von Donnersmarck	German Ambassador to Luxembourg 1898–1899	Succeeded by Heinrich von Tschirschky
Preceded by Clemens von Ketteler	German Minister to China 1900–1905	Succeeded by Arthur von Rex
Preceded by Friedrich Carl von Erckert	German Ambassador to Japan 1906–1911	Succeeded by Arthur von Rex
Preceded by post created	German Ambassador to Ukraine 1918	Succeeded by Johannes Graf von Berchem

[1] All-Ukrainian Union of Zemstvos at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine

[2] Kulynych, I.M., Kryvets, N.V. Mumm von Schwartzenstein (МУММ ФОН ШВАРЦЕНШТАЙН). Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. "Naukova Dumka". Kiev, 2010

[3] "The Glaswegian who saved an Italian village from the Nazis - The Scotsman". Archived from the original on 2019-09-27.

[4] Peter Hahn (ed.), Alfons & Jeannie von Mumm: Cosmopolitans and Honorary Citizens of Portofino, catalogue of exhibition, Portofino, 2013

[1924Obit-5] "Baron Mumm von Schwarzenstein". The New York Times. 12 July 1924. Retrieved 14 February 2024.

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