The Afro-American Sentinel was a newspaper in Omaha, Nebraska. It was established in 1893, and ran issues until 1899. The newspaper published articles relevant to Nebraska's black community. It was strongly in favor of self-defense against lynching, and issued reports about the extent of discrimination within the city.
Founding and end edit
The paper was established in 1893 in Omaha, Nebraska.[1] It was primarily concerned with Nebraska's black community, and published their social and personal events, as well as church news.[2]
Cyrus D. Bell was the editor and proprietor of the Afro-American Sentinel,[3]. Although he was reported at the time was the only person of color to publish a newspaper in the state,[4] he was competing with The Progress owned by Ferdinand L. Barnett of Omaha. Bell used his paper to push an interstate congress and league on racial relations in 1898, where participants were to share their experiences and foster wealth.[5]
The paper reported on a range of topics, especially during the Trans-Mississippi Exposition of 1898. They published the article "A Black Napoleon" that year, describing Dinuzulu, the king of the Zulu nation, as intelligent and leading a "great and war-like line"; this was despite the paper rarely making any comment about African affairs.[6] They also investigated the extent to which businesses in Omaha would discriminate against African Americans, such as in hotels or lodging.[7] The paper was a staunch critic of Booker T. Washington, particularly his message of racial reconciliation.[8]
They also believed that the only way to stop lynching was to threaten would-be lynchers with violence: "to assure them that they will run a great risk of being compelled to bite the dust on every occasion of their entering upon such a devilish pastime".[9] They believed that black people should take up arms, exercise self-defense, and glorified those who protected themselves through force.[10] For example, they congratulated the 1897 group of black Floridians who took up arms to prevent a lynching in the Key West race riot: "Let colored men everywhere imitate the brave example of those in Key West, and lynching will soon become rare".[10]
The paper closed in 1899.[1]
References edit
Citations edit
- ^ a b Paz 1996, p. 217.
- ^ Johnson-Kimbrough 1986, p. 11H.
- ^ Nebraska State Journal 1898, p. 8.
- ^ Butler County Press 1897, p. 4.
- ^ Omaha Daily Bee 1898, p. 5.
- ^ Williams 1973, p. 232.
- ^ Peavler 2008, p. 343.
- ^ Peavler 2008, p. 351.
- ^ Williams 2012, p. 116.
- ^ a b Williams 2012, p. 131.
Bibliography edit
- Johnson-Kimbrough, Carla (16 February 1986). "Blacks heard westward call: Opportunities, land, military service drew black pioneers to Nebraska". Lincoln Journal Star.
- Paz, D.G. (1996). "The black press and the issues of race, politics, and culture on the Great Plains of Nebraska, 1865-1985". In Suggs, Henry Lewis (ed.). The black press in the middle west, 1865-1985. Greenwood Press.
- Peavler, David J. (July 2008). "African Americans in Omaha and the 1898 Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition". The Journal of African American History. 93 (3): 337–361. doi:10.1086/JAAHv93n3p337.
- Williams, Walter L. (1973). "Black journalisms's opinions about Africa during the late nineteenth century". Phylon. 34 (3): 224–235. doi:10.2307/274181. ISSN 0031-8906. JSTOR 274181.
- Williams, Kidada E. (2012). They left great marks on me: African American testimonies of racial violence from emancipation to World War I. New York: New York University Press. ISBN 9780814795354.
- "A black man's view". Butler County Press. 19 March 1897.
- "For negro betterment. Several gatherings to be held at Omaha soon". Nebraska State Journal. 31 July 1898.
- "For an ethical conference". Omaha Daily Bee. 24 July 1898.
Further reading edit
- Sasse, Adam Fletcher (10 June 2016). "A history of African American newspapers in Omaha". North Omaha History. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- "The Afro-American Sentinel (Omaha [Neb.]) 1893-1899". Library of Congress. Retrieved 5 November 2021.