The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 9/11 Review Commission was formed by Congress in January 2014 to conduct a comprehensive review of the recommendations related to the FBI that were proposed by the original 9/11 Commission. The commission, which was publicly announced by Republican Congressman Frank Wolf of Virginia, consisted of three congressionally appointed members supported by an executive director and staff.
On March 26, 2014, the commission's members testified regarding their initial progress before the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science and Related Agencies.[1]
Following 14 months of research, interviews, briefings and field visits the commission issued an unclassified public version of its final report titled The FBI: Protecting the Homeland in the 21st Century on March 25, 2015.[2][3] Its overarching conclusion was that while the FBI had established comprehensive structures to support its intelligence mission, there remained a significant gap between the articulated principles of its intelligence programs and their effectiveness in practice.[4][5][6]
Commissioners
edit- Bruce Hoffman - Professor, Georgetown University Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service
- Edwin Meese - Former United States Attorney General
- Tim Roemer - Former Congressman from Indiana and Former United States Ambassador to India
Staff Members
editCase Studies
editAs part of its review, the Commission selected five case studies to examine the FBI's response to high-profile terrorist plots and attacks since 2008.
- Najibullah Zezi, an Afghan-American arrested in September 2009 for working with al Qaeda to plan suicide bombings on the New York City Subway system
- David Headley, an American terrorist of Pakistani origin who conspired in plotting the 2008 Mumbai attacks
- Nidal Hasan, a former American Army Major convicted of killing 13 people and injuring more than 30 others in the Fort Hood mass shooting in November 2009
- Faisal Shahzad, a Pakistani-American citizen who was arrested for the attempted Times Square car bombing in May 2010
- Tamerlan Tsarnaev and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev who, together, killed 3 people and injured nearly 300 others by bombing the Boston Marathon in April 2013
Individuals interviewed by the Commission
editCurrent and former government officials who were interviewed by the commission included:
- John MacGaffin
- Maureen Baginski
- Seamus Hughes
- Philip Mudd
- George Salameh
- Charles Allen
- Gabriel Weimann
- Jerome P. Bjelopera
- Harvey Rishikof
- Michael Leiter
- Christopher Kojm
- Michael German
- Kenneth Wainstein
- David Pekoske & Kathleen Kiernan
- John Pistole
- Henry Hollatz
- Robert Newton
- Glen Fine
- Kshemendra Paul
- James Dinkins
- Dawn Scalici and James Blasingame
- Bassem Youseff
- Christopher Inglis
- Robert Mueller
- James Clapper
- Francis Taylor
- Gil Kerlikowski
- David Shedd
- Theodore Nicholas
- Patrick Reynolds
- Michael Flynn
- John Brennan
Further reading
edit- Interview: Dr. Bruce Hoffman on the Release of the 9/11 Review Commission Report, by Sarah Maksoud, Georgetown Security Studies Review (March 27, 2015)
- A Look at the FBI 14 Years After 9/11, GW Today (April 15, 2015)
- How the FBI Reinvented Itself After 9/11, by Carmen Nobel, Harvard Business School (April 27, 2016)
- The FBI’s Role in National Security, by Zachary Laub, Council on Foreign Relations (June 21, 2017)
References
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