This article documents expected notable spaceflight events during the year 2028.

2028 in spaceflight
The rotorcraft Dragonfly probe to Titan is planned to be launched in 2028.
2028 in spaceflight
← 2027
2029 →

NASA plans to launch Dragonfly, a robotic rotorcraft probe which will explore Saturn's moon Titan.[1]

NASA plans to launch Artemis 4. The first to use SLS Block 1B.

Russia expects to launch the Luna 27 lunar lander in 2028.

Chang'e 8, the last mission before China’s moon base begins construction, is planned to launch.

The first uncrewed flight of Orel, Russia's replacement for the crewed Soyuz spacecraft, is scheduled for 2028.

India plans to launch the first module for the Bharatiya Antariksha Station in 2028.[2] India also plans to launch the Chandrayaan-4 and LUPEX lunar missions.

ESA expects to launch the Rosalind Franklin rover to Mars on an American commercial launch vehicle.[3]

Orbital launches

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Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks


March

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29 March [4]   LVM3   Satish Dhawan SLP   ISRO
  Venus Orbiter Mission (Shukrayaan) ISRO Cytherocentric Venus orbiter  
Q1 (TBD)[5][6]   H3   Tanegashima LA-Y2   MHI
  MBR Explorer UAESA Heliocentric Asteroid flyby and landing  
Emirates Mission to the Asteroid Belt (EMA).

April

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April (TBD)[7] TBA TBA TBA
  Ramses ESA Heliocentric Asteroid flyby  
Flyby of 99942 Apophis.


July

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5–25 July[1]   Falcon Heavy   Kennedy LC-39A   SpaceX
  Dragonfly NASA Heliocentric (to Saturn) Exploration of Titan  
Rotorcraft probe to fly in the atmosphere of Saturn's moon Titan.
July (TBD)[10]   Epsilon S   Uchinoura   JAXA
  Solar-C EUVST JAXA Low Earth (SSO) Heliophysics  
Extreme Ultraviolet High-Throughput Spectroscopic Telescope Epsilon Mission.[8][9]

August

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August (TBD)[11] TBA TBA TBA
  SAOCOM-2A CONAE Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  

September

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September (TBD)[14]   SLS Block 1B   Kennedy LC-39B   NASA
  Artemis 4 NASA Selenocentric (NRHO) Crewed Gateway expedition
Crewed lunar landing
 
  International Habitation Module (I-HAB) ESA Selenocentric (NRHO) Lunar Gateway component  
Third crewed Orion flight, second Artemis lunar landing, and first lunar landing with 4 crew members.[12] First launch of the SLS Block 1B variant with the Exploration Upper Stage. Delivery of I-HAB to the Lunar Gateway.[13]
Q3 (TBD)[15]   Ariane 64   Kourou ELA-4   Arianespace
TBA TBA Geosynchronous TBA  
Multi-Launch Service (MLS) #3 rideshare mission.

October

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October (TBD)[17]   TBA   Kennedy   TBA
  TBA ESA TMI to Martian surface Mars lander  
  Rosalind Franklin ESA TMI to Martian surface Mars rover  
ExoMars mission. Delayed and retooled due to the suspension of ESA–Russia cooperation on ExoMars.[16]

December

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December (TBD) [18][19]   Amur / Fregat-M   Vostochny Site 2A   Roscosmos
  GVM-M Roscosmos Low Earth Mass simulator  
  Sfera × ?[20] Roscosmos Low Earth Communications  
Maiden flight of Amur (Soyuz-7), a partially reusable methane-powered launch vehicle.
Q4 (TBD)[21][22]   Falcon 9 Block 5   TBA   SpaceX
    GRACE-C1 NASA / DLR Low Earth (Polar) Gravimetry  
    GRACE-C2 NASA / DLR Low Earth (Polar) Gravimetry  
Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment-Continuity (GRACE-C).
Q4 (TBD)[23][24]   Vega-C   Kourou ELV   Arianespace
  CRISTAL (Sentinel-9) ESA Low Earth (Polar) Earth observation  
Part of the European Space Agency's Copernicus Programme.

To be determined

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2028 (TBD)
[25]
  Falcon 9 Block 5   Cape Canaveral SLC-40   SpaceX
  TBA TBA Geosynchronous TBA  
Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to a GTO orbit by SEOPS.
2028 (TBD)[26]   Angara A5   Vostochny Site 1A   Roscosmos
  Luna 27 Roscosmos TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  
Third mission of Luna-Glob Programme.
2028 (TBD)[27][28]   Angara A5   Vostochny Site 1A   Roscosmos
  Orel Roscosmos Low Earth Flight test  
First uncrewed test flight of Russia's new crewed spacecraft, Orel. First launch of Angara A5 from Vostochny.
2028 (TBD)[27][30]   Angara A5P   Vostochny Site 1A   Roscosmos
  Orel Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Flight test  
First flight of the Angara A5P, a crew-rated variant of the Angara A5.[29] An uncrewed Orel capsule will be sent to the International Space Station to test docking procedures.
2028 (TBD)[27][31][29]   Angara A5P   Vostochny Site 1A   Roscosmos
  Orel Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Crewed flight test  
Crewed flight test of the Orel capsule to the International Space Station.
2028 (TBD)
[32]
  Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat   Vostochny Site 1S   Roscosmos
  Progress Roscosmos Low Earth (ROS) TBA  
Cargo flight to ROS.
2028 (TBD)
[33]
  Angara A5M   Vostochny Site 1A   Roscosmos
  Orel Roscosmos Low Earth (ROS) TBA  
Crewed flight to ROS.
2028 (TBD)[34][35]   Ariane 62 or Vega-C[36]   Kourou ELA-4 or ELV   Arianespace
  ROSE-L (Sentinel-12) ESA Low Earth (Polar) Earth observation  
Part of the European Space Agency's Copernicus Programme.
2028 (TBD)[37][38]   Epsilon S   Uchinoura   JAXA
  JASMINE JAXA / NAOJ Low Earth (SSO) Astrometric observatory  
2028 (TBD)[40]   Falcon 9 Block 5   Cape Canaveral SLC-40   SpaceX
  Al Yah 5 Yahsat Geosynchronous Communications  
Replacement for Yahsat 1B (Al Yah 2).[39]
2028 (TBD)[14][41]   Falcon Heavy   Kennedy LC-39A   SpaceX
  SpaceX GLS-1 SpaceX / NASA Selenocentric (NRHO) Gateway logistics  
First Lunar Gateway resupply mission, using the Dragon XL logistics module.
JFY 2028 (TBD)[42]   H3   Tanegashima LA-Y2   JAXA
  DESTINY+ JAXA Heliocentric Asteroid flyby  
Aims to conduct a flyby of 3200 Phaethon in 2030.
2028 (TBD)[43]   H3   Tanegashima LA-Y2   MHI
  Himawari 10 JMA Geosynchronous Meteorology  
2028 (TBD)[44]   H3   Tanegashima LA-Y2   MHI
    LUPEX JAXA / ISRO TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  
Lunar Polar Exploration (LUPEX) mission. Known as Chandrayaan-5 in India.
2028 (TBD)[45]   Long March 5   Wenchang LC-1   CASC
  Chang'e 8 CNSA Selenocentric to lunar surface Lunar lander
ISRU demonstration
 
2028 (TBD)
[46]
  TBA   Satish Dhawan   ISRO
  Exoworlds ISRO Low Earth Visible Astronomy  
2028 (TBD)[2]   LVM3   Satish Dhawan SLP   ISRO
  Bharatiya Antariksha Station-B1 ISRO Low Earth Space station module  
First module for ISRO's Bharatiya Antariksha space station.
2028 (TBD)[47]   HLVM 3   Satish Dhawan SLP   ISRO
  Gaganyaan-7 / G5 ISRO Low Earth (BAS) Resupply Spacecraft  
India's first resupply mission to BAS.
2028 (TBD)[48]   Long March 4B   Taiyuan LC-9   CASC
    CBERS 6 CASC / INPE Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2028 (TBD)[49]   Long March 4B   Taiyuan LC-9   CASC
  HaiYang 2N Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth Earth observation  
2028 (TBD)[50][51]   Long March 4B   TBA   CASC
  HaiYang 3C[52] Ministry of Natural Resources Geosynchronous Earth observation  
2028 (TBD)[53][51]   Long March TBA   TBA   CASC
  HaiYang 3D[54] Ministry of Natural Resources Geosynchronous Earth observation  
2028 (TBD)[55]   Long March TBD   TBA   CASC
  Fengyun 4E CMA Geosynchronous Meteorology  
2028 (TBD)[56]   Long March TBD   Wenchang   CASC
  Fengyun 5C CMA Geosynchronous Meteorology  
2028 (TBD)[57]   LVM3 SC   Satish Dhawan SLP   ISRO
  Chandrayaan-4 ascent module ISRO TLI to lunar surface Space rendezvous  
  Chandrayaan-4 descend module ISRO TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  
Chandrayaan-4 ascender and lander.
2028 (TBD)[57]   LVM3 SC   Satish Dhawan SLP   ISRO
  Chandrayaan-4 propulsion module ISRO Selenocentric Lunar sample-return  
  Chandrayaan-4 transfer module ISRO Selenocentric Space rendezvous  
  Chandrayaan-4 reentry module ISRO Selenocentric Lunar sample-return  
Chandrayaan-4 reentry and transfer modules.
2028 (TBD)[59]   New Glenn   Cape Canaveral LC-36   Blue Origin
  Habitat One (Hab-1)[60] Axiom Space Low Earth Space habitat  
Second Axiom Station module to be launched, nominally on New Glenn (with Falcon Heavy as backup).[58]
2028 (TBD)[61]   Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat   Vostochny Site 1S   Roscosmos
    RBKA №1 Roscosmos / Belarus Low Earth Earth observation  
RBKA will follow in the footsteps of BKA (Belarusian Satellite) launched along with Kanopus-V 1 and several other satellites in July 2012.
2028 (TBD)[62]   Starship   TBA   SpaceX
    Starlab Starlab Space Low Earth Space station  
Starlab Space is a joint venture between Voyager Space (Nanoracks) and Airbus.
2028 (TBD)[63]   Vega-C   Kourou ELV   Arianespace
    MERLIN CNES / DLR Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation of atmospheric methane  
2028 (TBD)[23]   Vega-C[64]   Kourou ELV   Arianespace
  Sentinel-2D[65] ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Fourth Sentinel-2 satellite.
2028 (TBD)[23]   Vega-C[66]   Kourou ELV   Arianespace
  Sentinel-3D[67] ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Fourth Sentinel-3 satellite.
2028 (TBD)[15]   Vega-C   Kourou ELV   Arianespace
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA  
SSMS #19 rideshare mission.
2028 (TBD)[15]   Vega-C   Kourou ELV   Arianespace
TBA TBA Low Earth TBA  
Small Satellites Mission Service (SSMS) #18 rideshare mission.
2028 (TBD)[68]   TBA   TBA   TBA
  Blue Ghost M3 NASA / Firefly TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  
  Elytra Dark Firefly Selenocentric Lunar orbiter  
Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) mission delivering payloads to the Gruithuisen Domes.
2028 (TBD)[69][70]   TBA   Baikonur or   Vostochny   Roscosmos
  Ekspress-40 RSCC Geosynchronous Communications  
Replacement for Ekspress-AM7 at 40° East.
2028 (TBD)
[71]
  TBA   Cape Canaveral   TBA
  HelioSwarm Hub NASA Low Earth Research  
  HelioSwarm Node × 8 NASA Low Earth Research  
2028 (TBD)[72] TBA TBA TBA
  Genesis ESA Low Earth Satellite geodesy  
Aims to greatly improve the International Terrestrial Reference Frame.
2028 (TBD)[73] TBA TBA TBA
    Nyx The Exploration Company Low Earth Reusable spacecraft  
Demonstration mission for The Exploration Company's reusable cargo spacecraft, Nyx.


Suborbital flights

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Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks
March (TBD)[74]   Improved Orion   Esrange   MORABA /   SNSA
    REXUS-39 DLR / SNSA Suborbital Education  
March (TBD)[74]   Improved Orion   Esrange   MORABA /   SNSA
    REXUS-40 DLR / SNSA Suborbital Education  
October (TBD)[74]   Red Kite/Red Kite   Esrange   MORABA
  MAPHEUS-19 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research  
November (TBD)[74]   VSB-30   Esrange   MORABA
    TEXUS-65 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity research  
November (TBD)[74]   VSB-30   Esrange   MORABA
    TEXUS-66 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity research  

Deep-space rendezvous

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Date (UTC) Spacecraft Event Remarks
18 April 2028 Lucy Flyby of asteroid 11351 Leucus Target altitude 1000 km
June 2028 Hayabusa2 Flyby of Earth[75] Gravity assist
11 November 2028 Lucy Flyby of asteroid 21900 Orus Target altitude 1000 km

Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

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Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks

Orbital launch statistics

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By country

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For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket.

Country Launches Successes Failures Partial
failures
Remarks

By rocket

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By family

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Family Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By type

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Rocket Country Family Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By configuration

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Rocket Country Type Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By spaceport

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Site Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By orbit

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Orbital regime Launches Achieved Not achieved Accidentally
achieved
Remarks
Transatmospheric 0 0 0 0
Low Earth 0 0 0 0
Geosynchronous / transfer 0 0 0 0
Medium Earth 0 0 0 0
High Earth 0 0 0 0
Heliocentric orbit 0 0 0 0 Including planetary transfer orbits

References

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Generic references:
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