The voiced uvular affricate is a rare type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represent this sound are ⟨ɢ͡ʁ⟩ and ⟨ɢ͜ʁ⟩. The tie bar may be omitted, yielding ⟨ɢʁ⟩.
| Voiced uvular affricate | |
|---|---|
| ɢʁ | |
| Audio sample | |
Features
editFeatures of the voiced uvular affricate:
- Its manner of articulation is affricate, which means it is produced by first stopping the airflow entirely, then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
- Its place of articulation is uvular, which means it is articulated with the back of the tongue (the dorsum) at the uvula.
- Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.
Occurrence
editUvular
edit| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Akhvakh | [example needed] | ||||
| Ekagi | gaati | [ɢ͡ʁaːti] | 'ten' | Velar lateral allophone [ɡ͡ʟ] before back vowels.[1] | |
| Persian | Iranian | [example needed] | Allophone of [ɢ][2][3] | ||
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Staroverov, Peter; Tebay, Sören (2019). "Posterior Affricate in Mee and Consonant-Vowel Place Interactions". Proceedings of the Annual Meetings on Phonology. 7 (2018). doi:10.3765/amp.v7i0.4481.
- ^ Nikolaev, Dmitry (2019). Moran, Steven; McCloy, Daniel (eds.). Western Farsi sound inventory (EA). Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ^ Stanford Phonology Archive (2019). Moran, Steven; McCloy, Daniel (eds.). Western Farsi sound inventory (SPA). Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.