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{{short description|Indian Hindutva activist and litigator}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Jayakumar Sai Deepak
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Deepak was one of the counsels for the [[Internet and Mobile Association of India]] vs. State of Uttar Pradesh case, later clubbed into the [[Shreya Singhal v. Union of India]] case.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shrivastava |first=Prachi |title=Behind the scenes: How 90+ lawyers & 3 judges created the biggest free speech judgment in more than half a century |url=https://www.legallyindia.com/the-bench-and-the-bar/behind-the-scenes-how-90-lawyers-3-judges-created-the-biggest-free-speech-judgment-in-more-than-half-a-century-20150401-5767 |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=www.legallyindia.com |language=en-gb}}</ref> The cases related to [[freedom of speech]] on social media, which had been severely curbed by the [[Information Technology Act, 2000]] which held posters criminally liable for their posts. The Supreme Court ruled Section 66 of the Act to be unconstitutional, and watered down Section 79 of the Act which had held intermediaries like tech companies responsible for illegal acts on their platforms.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 March 2015 |title=Shreya Singhal vs. Union of India |url=https://main.sci.gov.in/pdf/aorexam/leading_cases/35.pdf |website=Supreme Court of India}}</ref>
Deepak is most famous for his representations in the case on the [[Entry of women to Sabarimala|entry of women]] to [[Sabarimala Temple]]
Deepak was also a counsel in a petition to allow priests of any caste to be priests at Sabarimala, the priesthood at the temple has historically been open to only [[Malayali Brahmin|Malayali Brahmins]].
Deepak represented the [[Travancore royal family]] for their right to manage the estates of the [[Padmanabhaswamy Temple]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram|Thiruvanathpuram]]. Deepak used scriptures (eg. the ''Kerala Mahatmya''), historical documents and agreements entered into by the royal family to prove that the takeover of the Padmanabhaswamy Temple by the [[Government of Kerala|Kerala government]] was illegal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2019 |title=Written Submissions to the Supreme Court of India in the Padmanabhaswamy Temple Administration Case |url=https://peoplefordharma.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Padmanabhaswamy-Written-Submissions.pdf}}</ref> The Supreme Court of India ruled in favor of the family.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vishwanath |first=Apurva |date=2020-07-13 |title=Explained: Padmanabhaswamy temple case, and what the verdict means for the Travancore royal family |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-the-padmanabhaswamy-temple-case-and-what-verdict-means-for-travancore-royal-family-6503543/ |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=13 July 2020 |title=Sri Marthanda Varma vs State of Kerala |url=https://main.sci.gov.in/supremecourt/2011/10179/10179_2011_32_1501_22898_Judgement_13-Jul-2020.pdf |website=Supreme Court of India}}</ref> Deepak was one of two counsels for a petitioner who accused the state government of apathy/involvement in the [[2021 West Bengal post-poll violence]]. The [[Calcutta High Court]] ruled in favor of the petitioners.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2021 |title=Susheel Kumar Pandey & Ors. vs. State of West Bengal |url=https://media.licdn.com/dms/document/media/C4D1FAQFWj7TPr1VsCA/feedshare-document-pdf-analyzed/0/1629430980517?e=1708560000&v=beta&t=aFfEmFbITeErArYgEdeaBK5WvLmhbLQMiwOmm2nBh7Y |publisher=Calcutta High Court}}</ref>
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Deepak was the counsel for [[Anand Ranganathan]] in the [[Contempt of court in India|contempt of court]] case against the former for endorsing the criticism of Justice [[S. Muralidhar]] by [[S Gurumurthy]] and [[Vivek Agnihotri]]. The Justice had cancelled the arrest of [[Gautam Navlakha]], who had allegedly contributed to the incitement of the [[2018 Bhima Koregaon violence]].<ref>{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|2817965951}} |title='Am a free speech absolutist': Author Anand Ranganathan in contempt case |agency=Indo-Asian News Service |date=24 May 2023 }}</ref> Deepak argued that Ranganathan merely supported the right of the Justice's critics to criticize him as part of their [[freedom of expression]], and that Ranganathan himself did not agree with the criticisms. The Delhi High Court closed the proceedings against Ranganathan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thapliyal |first=Nupur |date=2024-01-03 |title=Delhi High Court Closes Proceedings Against Anand Ranganathan In Criminal Contempt Case For Tweets Against Justice S Muralidhar |url=https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/delhi-high-court/delhi-high-court-anand-ranganathan-criminal-contempt-case-tweets-justice-s-muralidhar-245737 |access-date=2024-02-03 |website=www.livelaw.in |language=en}}</ref>
Deepak is also the counsel for the [[Benares State|royal family of Kashi]] in the case demanding a [[constitutional review]] of the [[Places of Worship Act, 1991]], which freezes the status of all disputed religious structures as they were before Independence Day (15 August 1947).<ref>{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|2711835121}} |title=Supreme Court to hear pleas challenging constitutional validity of Places of Worship Act on October 11 |newspaper=Financial Express |location=New Delhi |date=9 September 2022
=== Intellectual property cases ===
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Deepak was one of the counsels for [[Greenpeace]] in a case filed by [[Tata Sons]] alleging trademark infringement by the former through its 'Turtle vs. Tata' online game. The game displayed the endangered [[Olive ridley sea turtle|Olive ridley sea turtles]] fighting against the Tata logo, referring to the risk posed to the turtles due to the construction of [[Dhamra Port]] by Tata Sons.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vaughan |first=Adam |date=2010-07-26 |title=Tata to sue Greenpeace over turtle game |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/jul/26/tata-sue-greenpeace-turtle-game |access-date=2024-02-13 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Justice [[S. Ravindra Bhat]] of the Delhi High Court (later a Supreme Court judge) ruled that the parody game did not infringe on the trademark, in a ruling seen as a landmark for freedom of expression.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2011 |title=Tata Sons Limited v. Greenpeace International |url=https://globalfreedomofexpression.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Tata-Sons-Limited-v.-Greenpeace-International.pdf |website=Global Freedom of Expression, Columbia University |publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tata Sons Limited v. Greenpeace International |url=https://globalfreedomofexpression.columbia.edu/cases/tata-sons-limited-v-greenpeace-international/ |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=Global Freedom of Expression, Columbia University |language=en}}</ref>
Deepak was involved in the [[Basmati|Basmati rice]] [[Geographical indication|Geographical Indication]] dispute where he represented the [[Government of Madhya Pradesh]].
Deepak was the arguing counsel for [[BharatPe]] in a case filed by [[PhonePe]] alleging trademark infringement by the former who had used the word 'Pe' (a play on Pay) in its trademark, which the latter claimed it had the trademark for. The Delhi High Court dismissed the case and granted the trademark to BharatPe.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 August 2022 |title=PhonePe Private Limited vs. Ezy Services & Anr. |url=https://media.licdn.com/dms/document/media/D4D1FAQGAP1VU-fytPg/feedshare-document-pdf-analyzed/0/1666238412416?e=1708560000&v=beta&t=a_zfB3oQnYIPXXmAO-i7DX_xWc9Ih5aokqksgB5CniA |publisher=Delhi High Court}}</ref> Deepak was also the arguing counsel for [[Tube Investments of India Limited]] where they alleged that Jagdamba Enterprises had infringed on their trademark for the 'Diamond' brand of automobile parts by selling counterfeits under the same name. The Delhi High Court ruled in favor of Tube.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2022 |title=Tube Investments of India Limited vs. Jagdamba Enterprises |url=https://media.licdn.com/dms/document/media/D4D1FAQGWgxxhF6YE4Q/feedshare-document-pdf-analyzed/0/1665985442850?e=1708560000&v=beta&t=YgpDp9UGgxmPPIeMNNow0UFz_BtBpOBfPAv_-PMDqRw |publisher=Delhi High Court}}</ref>
Deepak was the leading counsel for [[Natco Pharma]] in a case where [[FMC Corporation]] claimed [[Process patent|process patents]] for production of [[chlorantraniliprole]]. A Division Bench of the Delhi High Court dismissed the patent claims and directed FMC to reimburse Natco for the legal costs incurred.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2022 |title=FMC Corporation vs Natco Pharma |url=https://media.licdn.com/dms/document/media/C4D1FAQHbf2XO68KC1Q/feedshare-document-pdf-analyzed/0/1670250273701?e=1708560000&v=beta&t=T6dHCqFmv8B1Q9q8EKE5jVlrrob6STOggPT2YI-Ee8Q |publisher=Delhi High Court}}</ref> Deepak has also been the leading counsel for Natco in three other patent disputes. In the first case, Swedish pharma major [[Novartis]] claimed Natco had infringed on its patent for [[Entresto]] by manufacturing a [[Valsartan]] and [[Sacubitril]] combination medication similar to Entresto.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pilla |first=Viswanath |date=2023-01-13 |title=Natco Plea: Delhi high court sets aside Novartis patent |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/healthcare/biotech/pharmaceuticals/natco-plea-delhi-high-court-sets-aside-novartis-patent/articleshow/96948659.cms?from=mdr |url-access=subscription |access-date=2024-02-09 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref> The Delhi High Court nullified the patent granted to Novartis as the it was ruled to be in violation of statutory provisions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 January 2023 |title=Natco Pharma vs Novartis AG |url=https://media.licdn.com/dms/document/media/C4D1FAQE5zfTdBiAx1g/feedshare-document-pdf-analyzed/0/1673783633693?e=1708560000&v=beta&t=4hj9X2LON-D4i_Jt8sJEkRz9Pmp334oVDQHlnQOfp5g |publisher=Delhi High Court}}</ref> In the second case, the German pharma major [[Boehringer Ingelheim]] claimed Natco and other Indian pharma companies had infringed on its patent for [[Linagliptin]]. The Delhi High Court dismissed the case and ordered Boehringer Ingelheim to reimburse Natco and the other defendants for their costs.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=Boehringer Ingelheim vs. Natco Pharma & Others |url=https://dhccaseinfo.nic.in/jupload/dhc/ABL/judgement/29-03-2023/ABL29032023SC2362022_163714.pdf |website=Delhi High Court}}</ref>
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Deepak was the leading counsel for MSN and [[Dr. Reddy's Laboratories]] in a case filed by [[CSL Vifor]]'s Indian arm alleging infringement on its patent for [[ferric carboxymaltose]], a supplement used to treat [[anemia]]. The Delhi High Court dismissed the claim.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 July 2023 |title=Vifor International Ltd. vs. MSN Laboratories & Ors. |url=https://dhccaseinfo.nic.in/jupload/dhc/JIS/judgement/25-07-2023/JIS24072023SC2612021_210538.pdf |website=Delhi High Court}}</ref> Deepak was also the leading counsel for [[Avenue Supermarts]] (trade name DMart) in a trademark dispute where Dolphin Mart claimed it had the sole right to use the name DMart. The Delhi High Court rejected the claim.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dolphin Mart Private Limited vs Avenue Supermarts Limited & Anr. on 21 August, 2023 |url=https://indiankanoon.org/doc/10209794/?type=print |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=indiankanoon.org}}</ref>
==Views==
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Deepak is a [[Hindutva]] activist. He believes that the several good qualities of the [[Vedanga|knowledge systems]] of [[Vedic civilisation|ancient Hindu civilization]], mixed with the good qualities of [[Prussian education system|modern Education]] systems, can be a template for [[Education in India|modern Indian education]] systems, which he considers to have multiple drawbacks.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/j-sai-deepak-is-wrong-indian-democracy-is-not-hindu-will-8690455/ |last=Sijoria |first=Siddharth |title=J Sai Deepak is wrong: Indian democracy is not Hindu will|date=28 June 2023 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newslaundry.com/2023/07/24/isolation-conservatism-and-buzzwords-what-drives-the-lucrative-market-for-right-wing-influencers|last=Sen |first=Raj Shekhar |title=Isolation, conservatism and buzzwords: What drives the lucrative market for right-wing influencers|date=24 July 2023 |website=[[newslaundry]]}}</ref> He opposes the [[Dravidian movement]] and [[Periyar|Periyarite]] thought, and claims they are Western interventions in Southern Indian faultlines.<ref>{{Cite web |last=T. Mayura Priyan |date=2023-10-08 |title=Sanatana Dharma and the Dravidian Movement: A response to J. Sai Deepak — 2 – The Leaflet |url=https://theleaflet.in/sanatana-dharma-and-the-dravidian-movement-a-response-to-j-sai-deepak-2/ |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=theleaflet.in |language=en-US}}</ref> He was criticized for his article where he discussed limitations imposed by the Indian Constitution against Hindu majoritarian expression. He had criticized the provisions for Hindu majority authority being subject to judicial review and being overruled if it conflicts with constitutional morality.<ref name=":0" />
Deepak's talks on the Karnataka hijab ban at [[St. Stephen's College, Delhi|St. Stephen's College]], and on minority rights at [[Jamia Millia Islamia]] respectively, were cancelled despite receiving permission in what was termed by some journalists as the advent of [[cancel culture]] and [[deplatforming]] in India.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Utpal |date=2022-02-28 |title=The issue with St. Stephen's College isn't just confined to cancel culture; its very DNA is a problem |url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/the-issue-with-st-stephens-college-isnt-just-confined-to-cancel-culture-its-very-dna-is-a-problem-10415281.html |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=Firstpost |language=en}}</ref> Deepak's talk on the [[Uniform Civil Code]] in [[Bengaluru]] at a Karnataka Bar Association event was faced with opposition from a group of lawyers who wanted the event to be cancelled in an attempted case of deplatforming, but it wasn't.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shukla |first=Suchita |date=2023-09-01 |title=Karnataka Bar Council Ignores Demand By Lawyers' Organisation To Cancel Sai Deepak's Talk On UCC, Event Witnesses Huge Crowd |url=https://www.verdictum.in/news/uniform-civil-code-all-india-lawyers-association-for-justice-1492654 |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=www.verdictum.in |language=en}}</ref>
Deepak was criticized for his statements on the BeerBiceps podcast hosted by Ranveer Allahbadia. The host had asked him to name three people he would like to see permanently leave India, he named [[Barkha Dutt]], [[Irfan Habib]] and [[Romila Thapar]], and reasoned that they had propagated anti-national thought. As a result, these three faced online trolling where they were asked to leave the country.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Abhishek |date=9 August 2023 |title='BeerBiceps' Interview of J. Sai Deepak Violates Community Standards, But YouTube Won't Take It Down |url=https://thewire.in/tech/beerbiceps-j-sai-deepak-youtube-violations |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=The Wire}}</ref>
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