Muscle |
Origin |
Insertion |
Artery |
Nerve |
Action |
Antagonist
|
trapezius |
down the midline, from the external occipital protuberance, the nuchal ligament, the medial part of the superior nuchal line, and the spinous processes of the vertebrae C7-T12 |
at the shoulders, into the lateral third of the clavicle, the acromion process and into the spine of the scapula |
transverse cervical artery |
major nerve supply is the cranial nerve XI. cervical nerves C3 and C4 receive information about pain in this muscle |
retraction and elevation of scapula. |
Serratus anterior muscle
|
latissimus dorsi |
spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs |
floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus |
subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery |
thoracodorsal nerve |
pulls the forelimb dorsally and caudally |
deltoid, trapezius
|
rhomboids |
nuchal ligaments, spinous processes of C7-T5 vertebrae |
medial border of the scapula |
dorsal scapular artery |
dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) |
Retracts the scapula and rotates it to depress the glenoid cavity. fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall. |
Serratus anterior muscle
|
rhomboid major |
spinous processes of the T2 to T5 vertebrae |
medial border of the scapula, inferior to the insertion of rhomboid minor muscle |
dorsal scapular artery |
dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) |
Retracts the scapula and rotates it to depress the glenoid cavity. It also fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall. |
Serratus anterior muscle
|
rhomboid minor |
nuchal ligaments and spinous processes of C7- to T1 vertebrae |
medial border of the scapula, superior to the insertion of rhomboid major muscle |
dorsal scapular artery |
dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) |
Retracts the scapula and rotates it to depress the glenoid cavity. It also fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall. |
Serratus anterior muscle
|
levator scapulae |
posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 - C4 vertebrae |
superior part of medial border of scapula |
dorsal scapular artery |
cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5) |
Elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula |
|