The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Szczecin, Poland.
Prior to 16th century edit
- 967 - Szczecin became part of Poland under Mieszko I of Poland.[1]
- 1121 - Bolesław III Wrymouth in power.[2]
- 1124 - Saints Peter and Paul Church founded.[3]
- ca. 1185 - Ducal mint founded.
- 1186 - Stay of the future Polish monarch Władysław III Spindleshanks at the court of Bogusław I, Duke of Pomerania in Szczecin, on behalf of his father, Duke of Greater Poland (and periodically also High Duke of Poland) Mieszko III the Old.[4]
- 1243 - Szczecin granted Magdeburg city rights by Duke Barnim I the Good.[1][3]
- 1273 - Wedding of duke of Poznań and future King of Poland Przemysł II with princess Ludgarda, granddaughter of Barnim I, Duke of Pomerania.[5]
- 1275 - The city's inhabitants granted the right of free movement in the Principality of Rügen by Slavic Duke of Rügen Vitslav II.[6]
- 1277 - The city purchases the villages, present-day districts, Krzekowo and Osów.[6]
- 1278 - King Eric V of Denmark exempts the city's inhabitants from customs duties for a fair organised in Zealand, Denmark, along with a promise of peace and protection.[6]
- 1284 - The city helps Duke Bogislaw IV to guarantee a peace treaty between the Duchy of Pomerania and the Margraviate of Brandenburg.[7]
- 1295 - The city becomes capital of a splinter eponymous duchy under Otto I, and a residential city of Pomeranian dukes.[7]
- 1360 - Szczecin becomes part of Hanseatic League.[3]
- 1384 - Otto Jageteufel becomes mayor.
- 1478 - The city becomes the capital of the reunified Duchy of Pomerania.[8]
16th to 19th centuries edit
- 1532 - The city becomes again the capital of a splinter eponymous duchy.[8]
- ca. 1532 - Stoppage of minting coins in the local mint.[8]
- 1535 - Protestant reformation.[9]
- 1570 - Peace treaty, ending the Northern Seven Years' War between Denmark and Sweden signed in the city.
- 1577 - Printing press in operation.[10]
- 1580 - Resumption of mint work.[8]
- 1582 - Ducal Castle rebuilt.
- 1606 - Start of reign of Duke Philip II, the greatest patron of the arts among all Pomeranian dukes.[8]
- 1625 - Under Bogislaw XIV the city becomes again the capital of the reunited Duchy of Pomerania.[8]
- 1630 - Paul Friedeborn becomes mayor.
- 1637 - Death of Bogislaw XIV, the last Pomeranian duke of the House of Griffin.[8]
- 1648 - City becomes part of Sweden.[3]
- 1654 - Burial of Bogislaw XIV in the Ducal Castle.
- 1677 - City taken by Frederick William of Brandenburg.[9]
- 1679 - Swedes in power again per Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye.[3][9]
- 1709 - Ducal mint closed down.
- 1711 - Stay of King Stanisław Leszczyński in the city.
- 1720 - City becomes part of Prussia.[9]
- 1721 - French commune founded for the Huguenots, with separate French law and a separate French court.[11]
- 1740 - Szczecin fortress built.
- 1806
- October: Capitulation of Stettin without resistance to France.[3]
- City occupation by French forces begins.[9]
- 1809 - French courthouse ceases to exist.[11]
- 1813
- 1851 - Schiffswerft und Maschinenfabrik Früchtenicht & Brock (shipbuilder) in business in nearby Drzetowo (then Bredow).[3]
- 1870–1871 - Prussian prisoner-of-war camp for around 1,700 French soldiers located in the city during the Franco-Prussian War, death of around 600 French soldiers.[13]
- 1871 - City becomes part of the German Empire.[3]
- 1878 - Hermann Haken (politician) becomes mayor.
- 1885 - Population: 99,475.[3]
- 1895 - Population: 140,724.[14]
- 1898 - Harbour built.[2]
20th century edit
- 1901 - Central Cemetery in Szczecin established.
- 1907 - Friedrich Ackermann becomes mayor.
- 1909 - Helios Kino (cinema) opens.[15]
- 1911 - Pogodno and Świerczewo included within city limits.[16]
- 1919 - Population: 232,726.[17]
- 1925 - Consulate of the Republic of Poland opened.
- 1933 - Stettin-Bredow concentration camp established by Nazi Germany in Drzetowo.[18]
- 1934
- 1939
- Population: 374,017.[9]
- Gemeinschaftslager Tiergarten forced labour camp established by the Germans.[19]
- 1940
- Bombing of Szczecin in World War II begins.
- Merkurlager 4-Am Lenzweg forced labour camp established by the Germans.[19]
- 1941
- Stalag 322 prisoner-of-war camp briefly based in the city, but soon relocated.[20]
- Gemeinschaftslager Tiergarten forced labour camp dissolved.[19]
- 1943 - September: Dulag transit camp for prisoners of war established by the Germans.[21]
- 1943–1944 - The Polish resistance movement facilitated escapes of Polish and British prisoners of war who fled from German POW camps via the city's port to neutral Sweden.[22]
- 1944 - Merkurlager 4-Am Lenzweg forced labour camp dissolved.[19]
- 1945
- May–June: Deutsche Zeitung (Stettin) newspaper published.
- 5 July: City becomes again part of Poland.[23]
- Piotr Zaremba becomes mayor.
- Szczecin Shipyard and National Museum, Szczecin established.
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- 1946
- Population: 72,948.[9]
- 1947 - Głos Szczeciński newspaper begins publication.[24]
- 1948
- Pogoń Szczecin, the city's most popular football club, founded.
- Szczecin Philharmonic founded.
- 1956
- Mass raising of medical supplies and blood donation for the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 (see also Hungary–Poland relations).[25]
- 10 December: Protests against the Soviets and communist rule and in solidarity with Hungary. Protesters seized and demolished the Soviet consulate.[26]
- 1962 - 9 October: 1962 Szczecin military parade debacle.
- 1965 - September: City co-hosts the 1965 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Cup.
- 1966 - Arkonia Szczecin wins its first Polish Water Polo Championship.
- 1970 - December: 1970 Polish protests.
- 1972
- 1 January: Śmierdnica included within city limits.[27]
- 28 June: Roman Catholic diocese of Szczecin-Kamień established.[28]
- 1974 - Population: 360,500.[29]
- 1980
- August: Szczecin strike of 1980.[30]
- 30 August: Szczecin Agreement signed, strike ends.[1]
- 1982 - August: Solidarity demonstration.[31]
- 1983 - Pogoń Szczecin wins its first Polish women's handball championship.
- 1984 - University of Szczecin established.[32]
- 1985 - Morze Bałtyk Szczecin wins its first Polish volleyball championship.
- 1987 - Visit of Pope John Paul II.[1]
- 1988 - August: Labor strike.[33]
- 1990 - Sister city partnership signed between Szczecin and Esbjerg, Denmark.
- 1992 - Sister city partnership signed between Szczecin and St. Louis, United States.
21st century edit
- 2001 - Stocznia Szczecińska Nowa (shipyard) active.
- 2002 - Honorary Consulate of Estonia opened (see also Estonia–Poland relations).[34]
- 2006 - Piotr Krzystek becomes mayor.
- 2007 - Monument to the victims of Nazi German forced labour camps in the Pomorzany neighbourhood unveiled by one of its survivors, Florian Nowacki.[35]
- 2011 - Szczecin hosts the 2011 European Short Course Swimming Championships.
- 2012
- Jan Czekanowski monument unveiled.[36]
- Population: 408,900.[37]
- 2014 - Szczecin Philharmonic Hall built.[38]
- 2016
- July: Monument to the victims of the Ponary massacre unveiled.[39]
- December: Hungarian-funded "Boy of Pest" monument unveiled to commemorate the gratitude of Hungarians for Polish support of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956.[25]
- 2017 - Szczecin co-hosts the 2017 Men's European Volleyball Championship.
- 2018 - Lech Kaczyński monument unveiled.[40]
- 2019
- February: Monument to the victims of Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia unveiled.[41]
- April: Szczecin hosts the 2019 European Artistic Gymnastics Championships.
- Monument of Wojtek, the Soldier Bear unveiled.[42]
- 2021
- September: Honorary Consulate of Luxembourg opened (see also Luxembourg–Poland relations).[43]
- 17 October: Jerzy Popiełuszko monument unveiled.[44]
- 27 October: Monument of Halina Pilawska, doctor and member of the Home Army during World War II, unveiled in the Pomorzany neighbourhood.[45]
See also edit
- History of Szczecin
- Etymology of Szczecin and Other names of Szczecin e.g. Stedyn, Stetin
References edit
- ^ a b c d "Szczecin - Największe atrakcje". WP Turystyka (in Polish). 16 June 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
- ^ a b Haydn 1910.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Britannica 1910.
- ^ Krasuski, Marcin (2018). "Walka o władzę w Wielkopolsce w I połowie XIII wieku". Officina Historiae (in Polish). No. 1. p. 64. ISSN 2545-0905.
- ^ Kronika wielkopolska, PWN, Warszawa, 1965, p. 297 (in Polish)
- ^ a b c Kratz 1865, p. 383.
- ^ a b Kratz 1865, p. 384.
- ^ a b c d e f g Horoszko, Genowefa (2013). "Monety książąt pomorskich z historycznych kolekcji w Muzeum Narodowym w Szczecinie". Cenne, bezcenne/utracone (in Polish). No. 1(74)-4(77). p. 21.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Stettin", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 1826, OL 6112221M
- ^ Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. H. Grevel & Co.
- ^ a b Skrycki 2011, p. 95.
- ^ a b Skrycki 2011, p. 100.
- ^ Skrycki 2011, p. 104.
- ^ "German Empire: States of Germany: Prussia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1899. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ "Movie Theaters in Szczecin, Poland". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
- ^ Srokowski, Stanisław (1947). Pomorze Zachodnie. Studium geograficzne, gospodarcze i społeczne (in Polish). Instytut Bałtycki. p. 129.
- ^ "Germany: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via Hathi Trust.
- ^ a b Megargee, Geoffrey P. (2009). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume I. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. pp. 166–167. ISBN 978-0-253-35328-3.
- ^ a b c d "Krwawa historia obozów pracy na Pomorzanach". Szczecin Nasze Miasto (in Polish). 20 May 2009. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 312. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
- ^ "German Dulag Camps". Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ Chrzanowski, Bogdan. "Organizacja sieci przerzutów drogą morską z Polski do Szwecji w latach okupacji hitlerowskiej (1939–1945)". Stutthof. Zeszyty Muzeum (in Polish). 5: 30. ISSN 0137-5377.
- ^ Piotr Wróbel (1998). "Szczecin". Historical Dictionary of Poland 1945-1996. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-135-92694-6.
- ^ "Poland: Directory". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. p. 3463+. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
- ^ a b "W Szczecinie odsłonięto pomnik "Chłopca z Pesztu" - symbolu powstania węgierskiego". PolskieRadio24.pl (in Polish). 9 December 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Upamiętnienie wydarzeń z 10 grudnia 1956 r". szczecin.uw.gov.pl (in Polish). 10 December 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
- ^ Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 25 listopada 1971 r. w sprawie zmiany granic miasta Szczecina w województwie szczecińskim., Dz. U. z 1971 r. Nr 32, poz. 295
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Poland". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 April 2015.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Piotr Wróbel (1998). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Poland 1945-1996. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-135-92694-6.
- ^ "Pro-Solidarity Protest in Polish City", New York Times, 13 August 1982
- ^ Walter Rüegg, ed. (2011). "Universities founded in Europe between 1945 and 1995". Universities Since 1945. History of the University in Europe. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press. p. 575+. ISBN 978-1-139-49425-0.
- ^ "Polish Labor Unrest Spreads In Port City and to Five Mines", New York Times, 19 August 1988
- ^ "Estonia bliżej Szczecina". Radio Szczecin (in Polish). 26 October 2002. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ Monika Stefanek (22 November 2007). "Uczczono przymusowych robotników obozów pracy". Głos Szczeciński (in Polish). Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ Grzegorz Kluczyński (24 May 2012). "Nowy pomnik w Szczecinie" (in Polish). Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2014". Central Statistical Office of Poland.
Review Tables: Cities
- ^ "Designs of the Year: The nominees announced by London's Design Museum", Telegraph, March 2015
- ^ "W Szczecinie odsłonięto pomnik młodzieży pomordowanej w Ponarach". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). 14 July 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "W Szczecinie odsłonięto pomnik Lecha Kaczyńskiego". Rzeczpospolita (in Polish). 16 June 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "W Szczecinie odsłonięto Pomnik Ofiar Nacjonalistów Ukraińskich 1939-1947". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). 9 February 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ Marek Jaszczyński (23 May 2019). "Szczecin. Miś Wojtek już stoi na skwerze swojego imienia". Głos Szczeciński (in Polish). Retrieved 11 December 2023.
- ^ "Inauguracja działalności Konsulatu Honorowego Wielkiego Księstwa Luksemburga w Szczecinie. Zobacz, kto był na wydarzeniu!". Głos Szczeciński (in Polish). 21 September 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Szczecin: Odsłonięto pomnik bł. ks. Jerzego Popiełuszki - patrona NSZZ "Solidarność"". WNP.pl (in Polish). 17 October 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ Chruściel, Mieczysław (2021). "Popiersie profesor Haliny Pilawskiej". Vox Medici (in Polish). No. 1/253. pp. 12–13. ISSN 1426-6318.
This article incorporates information from the Polish Wikipedia and German Wikipedia.
Bibliography edit
in English edit
- John Ramsay McCulloch (1877), "Stettin", in Hugh G. Reid (ed.), A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical and Historical of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., hdl:2027/njp.32101079877088
- United States Department of State (1891). "Trade and Industries of Pomerania". Reports from the Consuls of the United States. Vol. 37. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. hdl:2027/uc1.$b474396 – via Hathi Trust. (with details about Stettin)
- "Stettin", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901, hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t7wm1k03v
- "Stettin", Northern Germany (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, hdl:2027/mdp.39015042860240, OCLC 78390379 – via Hathi Trust
- "Stettin", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)***Please note that a wikilink to the article on [Stettin] in [EB1911] is not available*** - Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Stettin", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776
in other languages edit
- Paul Friedeborn [in German] (1613). Historische Beschreibung der Stadt Alten Stettin in Pommern [Historical Description of the Old City Stettin in Pomerania] (in German). Stettin: S. J. Rheten Erben.
- Stettin als handels- und industrieplatz [Stettin as commercial and industrial space] (in German). Stettin. 1906.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - P. Krauss; E. Uetrecht, eds. (1913). "Stettin". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.
- Kratz, Gustav (1865). Die Städte der Provinz Pommern. Abriss ihrer Geschichte, zumeist nach Urkunden. Berlin.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Skrycki, Radosław (2011). "Z okresu wojny i pokoju – "francuskie" miejsca w Szczecinie z XVIII i XIX wieku". In Rembacka, Katarzyna (ed.). Szczecin i jego miejsca. Trzecia Konferencja Edukacyjna, 10 XII 2010 r. (in Polish). Szczecin. ISBN 978-83-61233-45-9.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
External links edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Szczecin.
- Links to fulltext city directories for Szczecin via Wikisource
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Szczecin, various dates