The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Haarlem, Netherlands.
Prior to 18th century edit
- 9th century CE - Haarlem founded.[1]
- 1245 - City rights bestowed upon Haarlem by William II of Holland.[1][2]
- 1318 - Janskerk (church) built.
- 1347 - Fire.
- 1370 - Grote Kerk (church) construction begins.[3]
- 1395 - Hofje van Bakenes (almshouse) founded.[3]
- 1398 - Waalse Kerk (church) built.[3]
- 1478 - Haarlem Confraternity of the Rosary founded.
- 1483 - Printing press in operation.[4]
- 1496 - Haarlem Guild of St. Luke active (approximate date).[3]
- 1559 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Haarlem established.[5]
- 1571 - Kleine Houtpoort (Haarlem) (gate) built.
- 1572 - Siege of Haarlem by Spanish forces begins.[6][2]
- 1573 - 12 July: Spaniards in power.[7][2]
- 1576 - Fire.[3]
- 1577 - Population: 18,000 (approximate).[8]
- 1587 - Haarlem Academy of art established.[9]
- 1592 - Lieven de Key appointed city architect.[7]
- 1596 - City Library established.[10]
- 1599 - Weigh House built.
- 1600 - Population: 30,000 (approximate).[8]
- 1603 - Vleeshal built.[2]
- 1604 - City Hall rebuilt.
- 1615 - Lutherse Kerk, Haarlem built.
- 1616 - Artist Frans Hals paints The Banquet of the Officers of the St George Militia Company in 1616.[7]
- 1624 - "Tax riot."[7]
- 1631 - Haarlemmertrekvaart Amsterdam-Haarlem canal created.
- 1634 - Tulip mania begins.[7]
- 1637 - Tulip market collapses.[11]
- 1661 - Artist Jan Steen moves to Haarlem.[12]
- 1662 - Oprechte Haerlemsche Courant newspaper in publication.[13]
- 1677 - Nieuwpoort (Haarlem) (gate) built.
- 1683 - Doopsgezinde kerk, Haarlem (church) built.[14]
18th-19th centuries edit
- 1707 - Proveniershuis (almshouse) founded.[14]
- 1719 - Onderlinge van 1719 u.a. established
- 1752 - Holland Society of Sciences founded.[15][2]
- 1766 - Mozart performs on the Grote Kerk, Haarlem organ.[7]
- 1778 - Teylers Stichting (society) founded.[10]
- 1784
- Teylers Museum opens.
- Society for Public Welfare founded.[10]
- 1788 - Villa Welgelegen (residence) built.[3]
- 1794 - Hodshon Huis (residence) built.[14]
- 1821 - Kunst zij ons doel (art group) formed.
- 1832 - Costermonument erected the Haarlemmerhout park.
- 1839 - Amsterdam-Haarlem railway begins operating;[6] Haarlem railway station opens.
- 1840 - City becomes capital of North Holland province.[1]
- 1841 - Haarlem Synagogue built.[16]
- 1852 - Haarlemmermeer (lake) drained.[7]
- 1862 - Gemeentelijk Museum opens.[17]
- 1863 - Droste confectionery in business.
- 1865 - Kenaupark established.
- 1869 - Bisschoppelijk Museum founded.[17]
- 1871 - Colonial Museum opens.[17]
- 1877 - Museum van Kunstnijverheid established.[17]
- 1880 - Verweyhal built for the Trou moet Blycken society.
- 1881 - Haarlem-Leiden tram line begins operating.
- 1883 - Haarlems Dagblad newspaper in publication.
- 1884 - Panopticon prison begins operating.[18]
- 1887 - Melkbrug (bridge) built.
- 1900 - Population: 65,189.[2]
20th century edit
- 1903 - Catharijnebrug (Haarlem) (bridge) built.
- 1911 - 31 August: Fokker flies his aircraft "de Spin" around the tower of the Sint-Bavokerk.[19]
- 1915 - Cinema Palace opens.[20]
- 1918 - Haarlem City Theatre opens.
- 1919 - Population: 77,302.[21]
- 1922 - Tuinwijk-Zuid housing built.[22]
- 1936 - Gemeentearchief Haarlem (city archives) moves into the Janskerk.
- 1980
- Bevrijdingspop festival begins.
- Brinkmann-bioscoop (cinema) opens.
- Population: 158,291 municipality.[23]
- 1995 - Jaap Pop becomes mayor.
- 2000 - Population: 148,484 municipality.[23]
21st century edit
- 2003 - Toneelschuur theatre opens.
- 2005
- Noord-Hollands Archief (archive) headquartered in city.[24]
- Philharmonie Haarlem concert hall active.
- 2006 - Bernt Schneiders becomes mayor.
- 2009 - Schoterbrug (bridge) opens.
- 2011 - Pathé Haarlem cinema opens.
- 2013 - Population: 153,093 municipality.[23]
See also edit
- Haarlem history
- History of Haarlem
- List of mayors of Haarlem
- List of rijksmonuments in Haarlem
- Timelines of other municipalities in the Netherlands: Amsterdam, Breda, Delft, Eindhoven, Groningen, The Hague, 's-Hertogenbosch, Leiden, Maastricht, Nijmegen, Rotterdam, Utrecht
References edit
- ^ a b c Joop W. Koopmans; Arend H. Huussen Jr. (2007). Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6444-3.
- ^ a b c d e f Britannica 1910.
- ^ a b c d e f Colum Hourihane, ed. (2012). "Haarlem". Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-539536-5.
- ^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Holland: Haarlem". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450632 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: The Netherlands". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ a b Joop W. Koopmans; Arend H. Huussen Jr. (2007). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6444-3.
- ^ a b c d e f g Randall J. Van Vynckt (1995). "Haarlem". In Trudy Ring (ed.). Northern Europe. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-136-63944-9.
- ^ a b Maarten Prak (2005). The Dutch Republic in the Seventeenth Century: The Golden Age. Translated by Diane Webb. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-316-34248-0.
- ^ "Low Countries, 1400–1600 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ a b c Paul Schneiders (1998). "Libraries in the Netherlands" (PDF). IFLA Journal. 24. International Federation of Library Associations.
- ^ Mike Dash (2000). Tulipomania: The Story of the World's Most Coveted Flower & the Extraordinary Passions It Aroused. Crown. ISBN 978-0-307-56082-7.
- ^ "Low Countries, 1600–1800 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ "Selectie van titels: 1618-1800". Project Databank Digitale Dagbladen (Databank of Digital Daily Newspapers) (in Dutch). Koninklijke Bibliotheek. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ a b c Johan Adrianus Gerard van der Steur [in Dutch] (1907). Oude gebouwen in Haarlem [Old Buildings in Haarlem] (in Dutch). Erven F. Bohn.
- ^ P. J. Prinsen (1848). Aardrijksbeschrijving der stad Haarlem [Geography of the City of Haarlem] (in Dutch). Erven Loosjes.
- ^ "Haarlem". Four hundred years of Dutch Jewry. Amsterdam: Joods Historisch Museum. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Departement van Binnenlandsche Zaken: Kunsten en wetenschappen (Department of Interior: Arts and Sciences)", Staatsalmanak voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden 1885 [State Year Book for the Kingdom of the Netherlands] (in Dutch), Utrecht: Broese, 1884
- ^ Mitchel P. Roth (2006). "Chronology". Prisons and Prison Systems: A Global Encyclopedia. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-32856-5.
- ^ "Timeline Dutch History". Rijksmuseum. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ "Movie Theaters in Haarlem, Netherlands". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- ^ "Netherlands". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ Hans van Dijk (1999). Twentieth-century Architecture in the Netherlands. Rotterdam: 010 Publishers. ISBN 978-90-6450-347-4.
- ^ a b c "Population dynamics; birth, death and migration per region: Municipality Haarlem". StatLine. Statistics Netherlands. 2014.
- ^ "Over ons: geschiedenis" (in Dutch). Noord-Hollands Archief. Archived from the original on 22 November 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
This article incorporates information from the Dutch Wikipedia.
Bibliography edit
- in English
- Thomas Nugent (1749), "Haerlem", The Grand Tour, vol. 1: Netherlands, London: S. Birt, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030762598
- "Haerlem". Gazetteer of the Netherlands. Attributed to Clement Cruttwell. London: G.G.J. and J. Robinson. 1794.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - Abraham Rees (1819), "Haerlem", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown, hdl:2027/mdp.39015057241179
- "Haarlem". Galignani's Traveller's Guide through Holland and Belgium (4th ed.). Paris: A. and W. Galignani. 1822. hdl:2027/njp.32101073846667.
- "Haarlem", A Handbook for Travellers on the Continent (8th ed.), London: John Murray, 1851
- "Haarlem", Guide to the North of France, ... Belgium and Holland, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1876
- George Henry Townsend (1877), "Haarlem", A Manual of Dates (5th ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co., hdl:2027/wu.89097349427
- W. Pembroke Fetridge (1885), "Haarlem", Harper's Hand-Book for Travellers in Europe and the East, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "Haarlem". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. Vol. 5. London. 1901. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t1fj2r624.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 781.
- "Haarlem", Belgium and Holland (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 397759 (+ 1881 ed.)
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Haarlem", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t
- in Dutch
- Abraham Jacob van der Aa (1844). "Haarlem". Aardrijkskundig woordenboek der Nederlanden [Geographical dictionary of the Netherlands] (in Dutch). Vol. 5. Gorinchem: Jacobus Noorduyn. hdl:2027/mdp.39015039363992 – via HathiTrust.
- Henri Zondervan [in Dutch], ed. (1917), "Haarlem", Winkler Prins' Geillustreerde Encyclopaedie (in Dutch), vol. 8 (4th ed.), Amsterdam: Uitgevers-Maatschappy „Elsevier“, hdl:2027/mdp.39015068347981
- G. van Herwijnen, ed. (1978). "Holland: Haarlem". Bibliografie van de stedengeschiedenis van Nederland [Bibliography of Urban History in the Netherlands] (in Dutch). Brill. pp. 207+. ISBN 90-04-05700-5.
- Deugd boven geweld: een geschiedenis van Haarlem, 1245–1995 [Virtue above Violence: A History of Haarlem] (in Dutch). 1995.
- Wim de Wagt; et al. (2005). Architectuurgids Haarlem (in Dutch). 010 Publishers. ISBN 978-90-6450-550-8 – via Google Books. (fulltext)
External links edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Haarlem.
- Europeana. Items related to Haarlem, various dates.
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Harlem, various dates