Wikipedia

List of equipment of the Vietnam People's Ground Forces

During the First Indochina War (1946 –1954), Vietnam War (1955–1975), Cambodian–Vietnamese War (1977–1989), Sino-Vietnamese War (1979) and the Sino-Vietnamese conflicts 1979– 1991 (1979–1991), the Vietnam People's Ground Force relied almost entirely on Soviet-derived weapons and equipment systems. With the end of the Cold War in 1992 Soviet military equipment subsidies ended and Vietnam began the use of hard currency and barter to buy weapons and equipment.

The roundel that is featured on most VPA's armed military vehicles.
Vietnamese Army troops on Spratly Island. (2009)

Vietnam prioritises economic development and growth while maintaining defense spending. The government does not conduct procurement phases or major upgrades of weapons. From the end of the 1990s the Government of Vietnam has announced the acquisition of a number of strategic systems equipped with modern weapons. Accordingly, Vietnam has been slow to develop naval and air forces to control shallow waters and its exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Currently most defence procurement programs focus on remedying this priority. For example, Vietnam has purchased a number of combat aircraft and warships with the capability to operate in high seas. Vietnam also plans to develop its defence industry, with priority placed on the Navy, combined with assistance from its former communist allies, India, and Japan.[1][2][3]

A Vietnamese soldier holding the previous standard issued rifle, the IWI ACE 32. (2017)

Since 2015, Vietnam has begun exploring purchases of U.S. and European weapons while facing numerous political, historical, and financial barriers, as they cannot continue to rely on Soviet and Chinese weapons especially due to the increasing tensions in the South China Sea dispute.[4]

Personal equipment edit

Name Image Type Origin Notes
Night vision
Night vision Night-vision device   Vietnam Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces.[5]
Headgears
Type A2 Helmet Combat helmet   Vietnam The PAVN's standard issue bump shell is a hard plastic replica of the PASGT helmets. It is used for training exercises and combat drill.
Vietnamese pith helmet   Helmet   Vietnam Traditional standard issue hard hat, used as the army's utility and barracks cover. Commonly worn by enlisted members with their dress uniforms and during light training.
Utility Cover Kepi   Vietnam Standard issue soft cover, consisting of a four-point front panel and an elastic backstrap. The cap's camouflage print is worn matching with field fatigues during patrols.
PASGT Helmet   Combat helmet   United States
  Vietnam 		Limited use with Special Forces, Border Guards, and the Navy. They are gradually replacing older helmets in all branches of the Army. Most helmets are a Vietnamese-made version of the PASGT Helmet. Earlier models were imported from Israel.[6][7]
Modular Integrated Communications Helmet   Combat helmet   United States
  Vietnam 		Vietnamese copy. Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, police, and infantry soldiers. Manufactured locally at Factory Z176.[8]
Type High Cut Helmet   Combat helmet   United States
  Vietnam 		Vietnamese copy. Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, police, and future infantry soldiers. Manufactured locally at Factory Z176.[9]
SSh-68   Combat helmet   Soviet Union Limited use.
SSh-40   Combat helmet   Soviet Union Limited use.
M1 Helmet   Combat helmet   United States Limited use.
Body equipment
AG K53T Body Armour Body armor   Vietnam Been introduced in International Army Games's exhibition.[10]
7,62 K56 Body Armour Body armor   Vietnam Been introduced in International Army Games's exhibition.[10]
AG K51T Body Armour Body armor   Vietnam Been introduced in International Army Games's exhibition.[10]
Body Armour Body armor   Vietnam Limited use. NIJ level III[11]
Body Armour Body armor  

Vietnam

Modern battle uniform for standard Vietnamese infantry. It will be standard issue in the future. Manufactured at the Z176 factory.[12][8]
Marom Dolphin Fusion System Body armor  

Israel

Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces.[13]
Flak jacket Body armor  

United States

Limited use by some infantry and anti-riot units
Combat Leather Pads Knee Pads

Elbow Pads

 Vietnam Standard Issued along with the new K20 military uniform.[14]
Camouflage patterns
K-07 Woodland   Camouflage pattern   Vietnam Replaced as the standard camo for ground forces by the K-17 Woodland. There are multiple variants of this Woodland camo in terms of slight differences in colors. Commonly used on training fatigues.[15][16]
K-17 Woodland   Camouflage pattern   Vietnam Former standard-issue camouflage for ground forces. Similar coloration to the K-07, there are also multiple variants for the other branches of the military.[17][18] Replaced by the K-20 and observed limited usage since 2020s.
K-17 Multi-Terrain Camouflage pattern   Vietnam Used by Vietnamese forces deployed in arid and desert environment. Based on Multicam color schemes. Seen with Vietnamese troops undergoing peacekeeping missions in South Sudan with the United Nations.
K20 Pattern,

K21 Field Uniform[19]

  Camouflage pattern   Vietnam Standard issue as of 2021, the PAVN's K20 camouflage pattern was developed with more subdued coloration. The new uniform will consist of 5 different variants for each branches of service: Ground Forces, Border Guard, Air Defence - Air Force, Navy and Coast Guard.[14]
Modified Duck Hunter Pattern   Camouflage pattern   Vietnam Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Replaced by the Ground Forces-colored K20 camouflage.
Thermal imaging anti-reconnaissance clothing Camouflage pattern   Vietnam Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Been introduced in International Army Games's exhibition.[10]
Ghillie suit Ghillie suit   Vietnam Used by the snipers and People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, manufactured locally. Been introduced in International Army Games's exhibition.[10]
U.S. Woodland   Camouflage pattern   United States Limited use. Most commonly seen on old vests mix-matched with K07 uniform or K20

Infantry weapons and weapon attachments edit

Model Image Type Caliber Origin Notes
Accessories
ITL MARS Red dot sight   Israel Mounted on Uzi, AKM-1, IWI Tavor.
Meprolight m21 Red dot sight   Israel Mounted on Uzi, AKM-1, IWI Tavor, STV Rifles and IWI ACE
NL-91, NL-92 Night vision sight   Vietnam Mounted on Uzi, AKM-1, IWI Tavor, STV Rifles and IWI ACE.[20]
Aimpoint PRO Red dot sight   United States Mounted on STV Rifles.[21]
Aimpoint CompM4 Red dot sight   United States Mounted on AKM-1, limited uses.[22]
Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight Telescopic sight   United States Mounted on Special Operations Assault Rifle, Tara TM4 rifle. Limited uses within Military Marksman Demonstration Team.[23]
Pistols
K14VN   Semi-automatic pistol 7.62×25mm Tokarev   Vietnam Standard issue service pistol alongside the K54. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory. This model is equipped with a longer barrel, and a double-stack magazine that holds an increased capacity of 13 rounds.[24][25]
TT-33 Semi-automatic pistol 7.62×25mm Tokarev   Soviet Union
Type 54/K54 Semi-automatic pistol 7.62×25mm Tokarev   China
  Vietnam		 Standard issue service pistol. Manufactured locally as the K54 (from the Type 54 Chinese TT-33 copy), now being phased out by the new domestic K14VN.
IWI Jericho 941   Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum   Israel Limited use in the army and police, they are being manufactured to slowly replace the K54 and K14VN pistols.
Manufactured at the Z111 Factory.[26][27][28]
Makarov pistol   Semi-automatic pistol 9×18mm Makarov   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Used by police officers. Limited use in the army. Manufactured locally as the K59.[29]
Type 59/K59 Semi-automatic pistol 9×18mm Makarov   China
Browning Hi-Power   Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum   Belgium Stored in reserves for shooting ranges.
CZ-82   Semi-automatic pistol 9×18mm Makarov   Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Used by police officers. Limited use in the army.[29]
CZ P-07 Duty Semi-automatic pistol 9x19 Parabellum   Czech Republic Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Forces.[30]
Glock 19   Semi-automatic pistol 9x19 Parabellum   Austria Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Forces.
Glock 34 Semi-automatic pistol 9x19 Parabellum   Austria Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Forces.
M1911A1   Semi-automatic pistol .45 ACP
7.62×25mm Tokarev		   United States
  Vietnam		 Local copies chambered in 7.62×25mm Tokarev and captured US M1911A1s in .45 ACP used by the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese Army during Vietnam War.
CornerShot   Weapon accessory   Israel Used by the People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Force.[31][26]
Assault rifles
STV-215   Assault rifle 7.62×39mm   Vietnam Standard issue rifle. Developed and manufactured at the Z111 Factory. The STV-215 is the carbine version of the STV-380, it has a barrel length of 215mm.[32][33]
STV-380  
Galil ACE   Assault rifle 7.62×39mm   Israel
  Vietnam 		Manufactured at the Z111 Factory. The domestically made version has the charging handles located on the right side similar to traditional AK-47s. They have been replaced as the standard issue rifle by the domestically manufactured STV-215/STV-380. The majority of them may have been transferred to Laos and since then rarely spotted in Vietnamese service.[34][35][36]
AKM   Assault rifle 7.62×39mm M43   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Still manufactured, old models are being converted to the domestically made STL-1A/STL-1B rifles or upgraded to AKM-1 standards. Replaced as the standard issue rifle by the STV-215/STV-380.[37][38]
AKn Assault rifle 7.62×39mm M43   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Standard issue rifle. Manufactured locally with some new detail[39]
AKM-1 Assault rifle 7.62×39mm M43   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Standard issue rifle. Manufactured locally with some new detail[40]
Type 56   Assault rifle 7.62×39mm M43   China
  Vietnam		 Limited use. Replaced as the standard issue rifle by the STV380/STV215.
AMD-65   Assault rifle 7.62x39mm   Hungarian People's Republic
Type 58   Assault rifle 7.62x39mm   North Korea Limited use. Sent as military aid by North Korea during the Vietnam War.
CAR-15   Carbine 5.56×45mm NATO   United States

  Vietnam

Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, naval infantry and coast guard. Manufactured locally as the M18 at the Z111 Factory, locally produced version of the XM177E2
IWI Tavor TAR-21   Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO   Israel Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and naval infantry.[34][35]
vz. 58   Assault rifle 7.62×39mm   Czechoslovakia Limited use.[41]
CZ 805 BREN   Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO   Czech Republic Use in Military Marksman Demonstration Team.
Special Operations Assault Rifle   Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO   United States Use in Military Marksman Demonstration Team.[citation needed]
Tara TM4 Assault rifle Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO   Montenegro Use in Military Marksman Demonstration Team.[citation needed]
FN FNC   Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO   Belgium Use in Military Marksman Demonstration Team.
M16A1   Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO   United States
  Vietnam		 M16A1 and XM16E1 is used by militia forces in southern provinces. M16A2 used by Coast Guard in small numbers.
M16A2E   Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO   Vietnam
  United States		 Upgraded and manufactured locally as the M16A2VN base on M16A1 and M18 with new stock and Picatinny rail[42]
SKS   Semi-automatic rifle 7.62×39mm M43   Soviet Union Used by honour guards and militia forces.[citation needed]
Type 63   Assault rifle 7.62×39mm   China
M14   Battle rifle 7.62×51mm NATO   United States Stored in reserves.
4MK4   Bolt-action rifle .303 British   Vietnam
  British Empire 		Limited used by Militia Forces.[43]
Submachine guns
PP-19 Bizon   Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum   Russia
  Vietnam		 Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Manufactured as the SN9P at the Z111 Factory. The locally produced version comes with a Galil-style stock, and is chambered in 9×19mm.[44][45]
Micro Uzi   Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum   Israel
  Vietnam		 Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Manufactured at the Z111 Factory.[46]
Uzi Pro   Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum   Israel Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.[46]
Škorpion   Submachine gun .32 ACP   Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
CZ Scorpion Evo 3   Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum   Czech Republic Use in Military Marksman Demonstration Team.
PM-63   Machine pistol/Submachine gun 9×18mm Makarov   Polish People's Republic Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and guard police.[citation needed]
STV-022   Submachine gun / Assault rifle 7.62×39mm   Vietnam Derivative of the STV rifle. Used by bodyguard unit under the General Staff of the Vietnam People's Army.
Shotguns
Remington Model 870   Shotgun 12 Gauge   United States
Armsel Striker   Combat shotgun 12 Gauge   South Africa Limited use[47]
Sniper rifles
Dragunov SVD   Designated marksman rifle 7.62×54mmR   Soviet Union Standard issue sniper rifle. Soon to be replaced.
CZ 750 S1M2   Sniper rifle 7.62×51mm NATO   Czech Republic Used by the People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Force.
PSR-90   Sniper rifle 7.62×51mm NATO   West Germany
  Pakistan		 Used by the People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Force.
PSL   Designated marksman rifle 7.62×54mmR   Socialist Republic of Romania [citation needed]
IWI Galatz  

 

Sniper rifle 7.62×51mm NATO   Israel
  Vietnam 		Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Marine Infantry. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.[46]
Orsis Т-5000M   Sniper rifle .338LM   Russia Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces
OSV-96   Anti-materiel rifle 12.7×108mm   Russia
  Vietnam		 Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.[48]
SBT-12M1[49]
KSVK   Anti-materiel rifle 12.7×108mm   Russia
  Vietnam		 Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.[46]
WKW Wilk   Anti-materiel rifle .50 BMG   Poland +50 examples were bought.[50]
Machine guns
TUL-1 Light machine gun 7.62×39mm   Vietnam Vietnamese TUL-1 light machine gun used the frame of Chinese Type 56 assault rifle but with stock of an RPK, barrel sights from an RPD and 30-round magazine used on the AK-47/Type 56, there are rare 40-round magazines. The TUL-1 body was thin, only 1 mm compared to the 1.5 mm of an RPK. It was also heavier and had an inferior rate of fire compared to the RPK. However, the firing rate and effective range of the weapon was successfully better than that of an AK-47/Type 56. The TUL-1 LMGs were manufactured between 1970–1974 and ended after Vietnam obtained production rights to the RPK itself.
PKM   General-purpose machine gun 7.62×54mmR   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Standard issue machine gun. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.[51] New ĐL7N copies are made with a modern plastic stock and grip, and includes a picatinny rail for a sight on top.
ĐL7N
RPK   Light machine gun 7.62×39mm   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Standard issue machine gun. Manufactured locally.
KPV   Heavy machine gun 14.5×114mm   Soviet Union
IWI Negev   Light machine gun 5.56×45mm NATO   Israel
  Vietnam 		Limited use. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory
RPD   Light machine gun 7.62×39mm   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Standard issue machine gun. Manufactured locally.
Type 67   General-purpose machine gun 7.62×54mmR   China Limited use.
M240B   General-purpose machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO   United States Limited use by Military Marksman Demonstration Team.
M60   General-purpose machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO   United States Limited use.
Uk vz. 59   General-purpose machine gun 7.62×54mmR   Czechoslovakia
FN Minimi Mk3   Light machine gun 5.56×45mm NATO   Belgium Limited use in People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Military Marksman Demonstration Team.[52]
NSV   Heavy machine gun 12.7×108mm   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Standard issue tank-mounted machine gun. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.[53][54]
DShK   Heavy machine gun 12.7×108mm   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Mounted on T-55 tanks. Currently being phased out by the NSV.
Mk 21 Mod 0   Medium machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO   United States Limited use.
Grenade-based weapons
AGS-17   Automatic grenade launcher 30mm Grenade   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Standard issue. Manufactured locally.
M203   Grenade launcher 40mm Grenade   United States
  Vietnam		 Manufactured locally as the T-40 at the Z111 Factory. Replaces the trigger for a lever. Mounts on the Galil ACE 32, STL-1A, M18, M16A2 and TAR-21.[45]
OPL40M

SPL40

  Grenade launcher 40mm Grenade   Vietnam Standard issue grenade launcher accompanying the STV-380 rifles.
M79   Grenade launcher 40mm Grenade   United States
  Vietnam		 Standard issue. Manufactured locally.[55]
Milkor MGL   Grenade launcher 40mm Grenade   South Africa
  Vietnam 		Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Manufactured locally as the MGL-VN1.[56]
Mortars
STA-50 Light mortar 50mm Mortar   Vietnam Manufactured locally at the Z117 Factory.[57]
M1 mortar   Infantry mortar 81mm Mortar   United States
M2 mortar   Infantry mortar 60mm Mortar   United States
M29 mortar   Infantry mortar 81mm Mortar   United States
82-PM-41   Mortar 82mm Mortar   Soviet Union
M1938   Mortar 107mm Mortar   Soviet Union
PM-43   Mortar 120mm Mortar   Soviet Union
M1943   Mortar 160mm Mortar   Soviet Union
Portable anti-materiel weapons
SPG-9   Anti-tank recoilless rifle 73mm HEAT   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Manufactured locally as SPG-9T2.
RPG-7V   Rocket-propelled grenade 40mm HEAT   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Manufactured locally as RPG7V-VN or SCT-7. Internally codenamed B-41.
RPG-29   Rocket-propelled grenade 105mm HEAT   Soviet Union
  Vietnam 		Manufactured locally under the name of SCT-29.[58][59]
9K38 Igla   Man-portable air-defense system 72mm   Soviet Union
  Vietnam 		Manufactured locally under license.[60]
9K338 Igla-S
9K32 Strela-2   Man-portable air-defense system 72mm   Soviet Union
  Vietnam 		Manufactured locally.[61]
B-10   Anti-tank recoilless rifle 82mm HEAT   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Manufactured locally.
B-11   Anti-tank recoilless rifle 82mm HEAT   Soviet Union Weapon at reserve
M-40   Anti-tank recoilless rifle 105mm HEAT   United States Weapon at reserve
M72 LAW   Anti-tank weapon 66mm HEAT   United States
9K111 Fagot   Guided anti-tank missile 120mm HEAT   Soviet Union
9M14 Malyutka   Guided anti-tank missile 125mm HEAT   Soviet Union
  Vietnam		 Manufactured locally under license from Serbia version with improved semi-automatic command to line of sight guidance.
9M113 Konkurs   Guided anti-tank missile 135mm HEAT   Soviet Union
RPO-A Shmel   Thermobaric rocket-propelled 93mm FAE   Russia Only for chemical forces.


Vehicles edit

Vehicle Image Type Origin Quantity Notes
Tanks
T-90S/SK   Main battle tank   Russia 64[62]
T-62   Main battle tank   Soviet Union 70[63]
T-54M/55M   Main battle tank   Soviet Union 850[64] Currently around 310 T-54/55 tanks undergo refits and upgrades to Vietnamese/Israeli T-54M modernized program at Z153 factory. As of January 2024, 110 tanks have been upgraded to the T-54M standard.
Type-59   Main battle tank   China 350[64] Type 59-I
T-34   Medium tank   Soviet Union
 45[65] Used only for training and coastal defense
Type-63   Amphibious Light tank   China 150[66] Called PT-85 in local service because of its 85mm gun, similar to the PT-76
PT-76   Amphibious Light tank   Soviet Union 300[64]
Infantry fighting vehicles
BMP-1   Infantry fighting vehicle   Soviet Union 300[67]
BMP-2   Infantry fighting vehicle   Soviet Union
Armoured personnel carriers
M113   Armoured personnel carrier   United States 200[64] Equipped with DShK or NSVT 12.7 mm heavy machine gun and sometimes with the SPG-9. 1970s photos show M40 recoilless rifles from capture
M106 mortar carrier   Mortar carrier   United States Unknown Self-propelled 107mm mortars сaptured in the Vietnam War.
Type 63   Armoured personnel carrier   China 80[64]
MT-LB   Armoured personnel carrier   Soviet Union Unknown Was seen used by artillery troops preparing for the 2020 International Army Games.[68]
BTR-40   Armoured personnel carrier   Soviet Union 100[69] Not sure( may be removed).
BTR-50PK   Armoured personnel carrier   Soviet Union 280[70]
BTR-60PB   Wheeled armoured personnel carrier   Soviet Union 400[71] Used by both Army and Naval Marines.
GAZ-59037A   Armoured personnel carrier   Russia Unknown Used in natural disaster rescue and response missions.[72]
BTR-152   Wheeled armoured personnel carrier   Soviet Union 160[71] Being upgraded with new diesel engine.[73] One is converted to an armored ambulance to support the field hospital in Bentiu, South Sudan, as a part of the UN peacekeeping mission in South Sudan
Armoured cars
Dongfeng EQ2050   Military light utility vehicle   China Unknown Used by Engineers at United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei.[74]
BRDM-2   Armoured scout car   Soviet Union 50[75]
Cadillac V-100   Armoured scout car   United States Unknown Upgraded by the Military Mechanical Engineering Institute with assistance from Z751 factory to replace old and worn out parts after Vietnam was reunified with American-made weapons replaced with Russian-based weapons.[76][77] Acquired through capturing them in the Vietnam War.[78]
Artillery
SS-1 Scud B/C/D   Tactical ballistic missile   Soviet Union 24[79]
Hwasong-6   Tactical ballistic missile   DPRK 100 missiles
BM-14   140mm multiple rocket launcher   Soviet Union <100[80] BM-14MM and BM-14-17M variant.[81][82] 100 launchers exported from the USSR in 1965-1966 period.[80]
BM-21   122mm multiple rocket launcher   Soviet Union 350[64]
(M-46)/Type 59   130mm field gun   Soviet Union
  China 		Unknown While the current number is unknown, the Soviet Union provided 519 pieces of the M-46 from 1968 - 1973.[83] Some were most likely lost in combat or taken out of service over the years.
ASU-85   85mm assault gun   Soviet Union Unknown
2S1 Gvozdika   122mm self-propelled artillery   Soviet Union Unknown
2S3 Akatsiya   152mm self-propelled artillery   Soviet Union 30[71]
M101   105mm towed howitzer   United States Unknown
M114   155mm towed howitzer   United States Unknown
M-30[84]   122mm towed howitzer   Soviet Union Unknown While the current number is unknown, the Soviet Union provided 450 pieces of the M-30 from 1964 - 1969.[83] Some were most likely lost in combat or taken out of service over the years.
D-20   152mm towed gun-howitzer   Soviet Union Unknown While the current number is unknown, the Soviet Union provided 500 pieces of the D-20 from 1966 - 1970.[83] Some were most likely lost in combat or taken out of service over the years.
D-30   122mm towed howitzer   Soviet Union Unknown While the current number is unknown, the Soviet Union provided 50 pieces of the D-30 in 1974.[83] Some may have been taken out of service over the years.
D-44   85 mm field gun   Soviet Union Unknown
D-74[85]   122mm field gun   Soviet Union Unknown While the current number is unknown, the Soviet Union provided 200 pieces of the D-74 from 1970 - 1971 and China provided 100 pieces of the Type-60 (Chinese made version of D-74) in 1974.[83] Some were most likely lost in combat or taken out of service over the years.
Engineering vehicles
BTS-4   Armoured recovery vehicle   Soviet Union Unknown
IMR-2   Armoured engineering vehicle   Soviet Union 2 Based on T-72 chassis
BREM-1M   Armoured recovery vehicle   Russia Unknown Based on T-90 chassis[86]
BMK-150   Motor canoe   Soviet Union Equipped for pontoon bridge units
VSN-1500 Motor canoe   Vietnam Equipped for engineer units as a light troop transport canoe[87]
PTS   Tracked amphibious transport   Soviet Union Unknown
GSP-55   Self-propelled amphibious ferry   Soviet Union 3 Operated by 575th Engineer Brigade[88]
PMP Floating Bridge   Pontoon bridge   Soviet Union >1 At least one equipped for 414th Engineer Brigade[89]
TMM-3M   Armoured vehicle-launched bridge   Russia Unknown
MS-20 Daglezja   Armoured vehicle-launched bridge   Poland 4[90]
MT-LB   Artillery reconnaissance   Soviet Union
AT-L   Artillery tractor   Soviet Union
ATS-59G   Artillery tractor   Soviet Union Unknown
M548   Artillery tractor   United States Unknown
M578   Armored recovery vehicle   United States
KrAZ-255   Military excavator   Soviet Union
PZM-2     Soviet Union
Schweres Rüstfahrzeug (SRF)   Rescue vehicle   Germany
Logistic vehicles
Zil-130   Military truck   Soviet Union
Zil-131   Military truck   Soviet Union
Zil-157   Military truck   Soviet Union
Gaz-66   Military truck   Soviet Union
Ural-375   Military truck   Soviet Union
Kraz-255B   Military truck   Soviet Union
Ford Transit   Van   GER (design)
  THA
  Vietnam (Manufacturing place) 		Used by Army's communication force[91]
Isuzu F-Series   Truck   Japan
Hyundai HD170   Truck   South Korea
MAZ-537   Artillery tractor   Soviet Union
KZKT-74281-012-chassis     Russia
KamaZ-43253   Military truck   Russia Unknown Replacing older Ural trucks[92]
KamAZ 43118   Military truck   Russia Unknown Replacing older Ural trucks[92]
KamAZ 65224   Military truck   Russia Unknown Replacing older Ural trucks[92]
MAN HX58   Tactical military truck   Germany Unknown
Renault ME160 Truck   France Unknown Used by 410th Battalion, 683rd Transportation Brigade[93]
Light utility vehicles
Toyota Innova   Light utility vehicles   Japan (design)
  IDN
  THA (Manufacturing place) 		Used by Army officers.
Toyota Hilux   Pickup truck   Japan (design)
  THA
  Vietnam (Manufacturing place) 		Used by Military control force.
Mitsubishi Pajero   Utility Vehicle   Japan
  THA
  AUT (Manufacturing place) 		Used by Army's communication force[94]
UAZ-469   Military light utility vehicle   Soviet Union

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles edit

Aircraft Image Type Origin Notes
IAI Heron   Reconnaissance   Israel 3[95]
Orbiter 2   Reconnaissance   Israel [96]
ITAD M-400 Reconnaissance   Vietnam
UAV Shikra Reconnaissance   Vietnam Produced and developed by Viettel[97]
HS-6L Reconnaissance   Vietnam
VT-Patrol Reconnaissance   Vietnam Produced and developed by Viettel
VT-Pigeon Reconnaissance   Vietnam Produced and developed by Viettel
VT-Swift Reconnaissance   Vietnam Produced and developed by Viettel

Procurement edit

In 2006, Israel reported to the United Nations Register Organisation of Conventional Arms (UNROCA) that two of its light armoured vehicles had been sold to Vietnam.[98] A number of Israeli companies won a bid to modernise and upgrade T-54/55 tanks as well as establishing factories in the country. Israel's program includes upgrading armour, night vision system and a fire control system upgrade (produced in Poland). In May 2002, Vietnam and Ukraine reached an agreement of military technical co-operation which extended to 2005. Accordingly, Ukraine will support Vietnam primarily to upgrade its armour and artillery, and improve weapons co-production and repair facilities.[98] In February 2005, the Ministry of Defence of Finland ceded to Vietnam about 70 T-54 and T-55 tanks from the Soviet era. In early March 2005, Poland signed a contract to sell to Vietnam 150 T-72 tanks which would have been used to support training, ammunition, equipment maintenance, and repair, but this contract was cancelled in 2006 because Vietnam wanted to focus more on its Navy and Air Force.[98] In addition to upgrading tanks, the Ministry of Defence of Vietnam signed a military co-operation agreement with Russia. The Vietnamese have also developed the capacity to produce their own equipment and repair existing equipment.

References edit

  1. ^ "Tạp chí Bộ Ngoại giao Trung Quốc đánh giá về chiến lược và sức mạnh quân sự của Việt Nam" (in Vietnamese). VNTime. 24 August 2011. Archived from the original on 25 September 2011. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
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