List of Rubiaceae of South Africa

Rubiaceae is a family of flowering plants (anthophytes) in the order Gentianales, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 13,500 species in about 620 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics.[1]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[2] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[3]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[4]

65 genera are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing.[4] Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Afrocanthium edit

Genus Afrocanthium:[4]

Agathisanthemum edit

Genus Agathisanthemum:[4]

  • Agathisanthemum bojeri Klotzsch, indigenous
    • Agathisanthemum bojeri Klotzsch subsp. bojeri, indigenous
  • Agathisanthemum chlorophyllum (Hochst.) Bremek. indigenous
    • Agathisanthemum chlorophyllum (Hochst.) Bremek. var. chlorophyllum, endemic
    • Agathisanthemum chlorophyllum (Hochst.) Bremek. var. pubescens Bremek. endemic

Alberta edit

Genus Alberta:[4]

Ancylanthos edit

Genus Ancylanthos:[4]

Anthospermum edit

Genus Anthospermum:[4]

Breonadia edit

Genus Breonadia:[4]

Burchellia edit

Genus Burchellia:[4]

Canthium edit

Genus Canthium:[4]

Carpacoce edit

Genus Carpacoce:[4]

Catunaregam edit

Genus Catunaregam:[4]

Cephalanthus edit

Genus Cephalanthus:[4]

Coddia edit

Genus Coddia:[4]

Coffea edit

Genus Coffea:[4]

Conostomium edit

Genus Conostomium:[4]

  • Conostomium natalense (Hochst.) Bremek. indigenous
    • Conostomium natalense (Hochst.) Bremek. var. glabrum Bremek. indigenous
    • Conostomium natalense (Hochst.) Bremek. var. natalense, indigenous
    • Conostomium natalense (Hochst.) Bremek. var. ovalifolium Bremek. indigenous
  • Conostomium zoutpansbergense (Bremek.) Bremek. endemic

Coprosma edit

Genus Coprosma:[4]

Coptosperma edit

Genus Coptosperma:[4]

Cordylostigma edit

Genus Cordylostigma:[4]

Crocyllis edit

Genus Crocyllis:[4]

Crossopteryx edit

Genus Crossopteryx:[4]

Diodia edit

Genus Diodia:[4]

Diplospora edit

Genus Diplospora:[4]

Empogona edit

Genus Empogona:[4]

Eriosemopsis edit

Genus Eriosemopsis:[4]

Fadogia edit

Genus Fadogia:[4]

  • Fadogia homblei De Wild. indigenous
  • Fadogia tetraquetra K.Krause, indigenous
    • Fadogia tetraquetra K.Krause var. grandiflora (Robyns) Verdc. indigenous
    • Fadogia tetraquetra K.Krause var. tetraquetra, indigenous

Gaillonia edit

Genus Gaillonia:[4]

Galium edit

Genus Galium:[4]

Galopina edit

Genus Galopina:[4]

Gardenia edit

Genus Gardenia:[4]

Geophila edit

Genus Geophila:[4]

Guettarda edit

Genus Guettarda:[4]

Hedyotis edit

Genus Hedyotis:[4]

Heinsia edit

Genus Heinsia:[4]

  • Heinsia crinita (Afzel.) G.Taylor, indigenous
    • Heinsia crinita (Afzel.) G.Taylor subsp. parviflora (K.Schum. & K.Krause) Verdc. indigenous

Hymenodictyon edit

Genus Hymenodictyon:[4]

Hyperacanthus edit

Genus Hyperacanthus:[4]

Hypobathrum edit

Genus Hypobathrum:[4]

Ixora edit

Genus Ixora:[4]

Keetia edit

Genus Keetia:[4]

Kohautia edit

Genus Kohautia:[4]

Kraussia edit

Genus Kraussia:[4]

Lagynias edit

Genus Lagynias:[4]

Leptactina edit

Genus Leptactina:[4]

Mitriostigma edit

Genus Mitriostigma:[4]

Nenax edit

Genus Nenax:[4]

Oldenlandia edit

Genus Oldenlandia:[4]

  • Oldenlandia affinis (Roem. & Schult.) DC. indigenous
    • Oldenlandia affinis (Roem. & Schult.) DC. subsp. fugax (Vatke) Verdc. indigenous
  • Oldenlandia capensis L.f. indigenous
    • Oldenlandia capensis L.f. var. capensis, indigenous
  • Oldenlandia cephalotes (Hochst.) Kuntze, indigenous
    • Oldenlandia corymbosa L. indigenous
    • Oldenlandia corymbosa L. var. caespitosa (Benth.) Verdc. indigenous
  • Oldenlandia geminiflora (Sond.) Kuntze, endemic
  • Oldenlandia herbacea (L.) Roxb. indigenous
    • Oldenlandia herbacea (L.) Roxb. var. flaccida Bremek. indigenous
    • Oldenlandia herbacea (L.) Roxb. var. herbacea, indigenous
    • Oldenlandia herbacea (L.) Roxb. var. suffruticosa Bremek. endemic
  • Oldenlandia lancifolia (Schumach.) DC. indigenous
    • Oldenlandia lancifolia (Schumach.) DC. var. scabridula Bremek. indigenous
  • Oldenlandia muscosa Bremek. indigenous
  • Oldenlandia rosulata K.Schum. indigenous
    • Oldenlandia rosulata K.Schum. var. rosulata, indigenous
  • Oldenlandia rupicola (Sond.) Kuntze, indigenous
    • Oldenlandia rupicola (Sond.) Kuntze var. hirtula (Sond.) Bremek. indigenous
    • Oldenlandia rupicola (Sond.) Kuntze var. rupicola, indigenous
  • Oldenlandia tenella (Hochst.) Kuntze, indigenous
  • Oldenlandia virgata (Willd.) DC. accepted as Cordylostigma virgata (Willd.) Groeninckx & Dessein, indigenous

Otiophora edit

Genus Otiophora:[4]

  • Otiophora calycophylla (Sond.) Schltr. & K.Schum. indigenous
    • Otiophora calycophylla (Sond.) Schltr. & K.Schum. subsp. calycophylla, endemic
    • Otiophora calycophylla (Sond.) Schltr. & K.Schum. subsp. verdcourtii Puff, endemic
  • Otiophora cupheoides N.E.Br. indigenous

Oxyanthus edit

Genus Oxyanthus:[4]

  • Oxyanthus latifolius Sond. indigenous
  • Oxyanthus pyriformis (Hochst.) Skeels, indigenous
    • Oxyanthus pyriformis (Hochst.) Skeels subsp. pyriformis, indigenous
  • Oxyanthus speciosus DC. indigenous
    • Oxyanthus speciosus DC. subsp. gerrardii (Sond.) Bridson, indigenous
    • Oxyanthus speciosus DC. subsp. stenocarpus (K.Schum.) Bridson, indigenous

Pachystigma edit

Genus Pachystigma:[4]

Paederia edit

Genus Paederia:[4]

  • Paederia bojeriana (A.Rich.) Drake, indigenous
    • Paederia bojeriana (A.Rich.) Drake subsp. foetens (Hiern) Verdc. indigenous

Pavetta edit

Genus Pavetta:[4]

Pentanisia edit

Genus Pentanisia:[4]

  • Pentanisia angustifolia (Hochst.) Hochst. indigenous
  • Pentanisia prunelloides (Klotzsch ex Eckl. & Zeyh.) Walp. indigenous
    • Pentanisia prunelloides (Klotzsch ex Eckl. & Zeyh.) Walp. subsp. latifolia (Hochst.) Verdc. indigenous
    • Pentanisia prunelloides (Klotzsch ex Eckl. & Zeyh.) Walp. subsp. prunelloides, indigenous
  • Pentanisia sykesii Hutch. indigenous
  • Pentanisia sykesii Hutch. subsp. otomerioides Verdc. indigenous

Pentas edit

Genus Pentas:[4]

Pentodon edit

Genus Pentodon:[4]

  • Pentodon pentandrus (Schumach. & Thonn.) Vatke, indigenous
    • Pentodon pentandrus (Schumach. & Thonn.) Vatke var. minor Bremek. indigenous
    • Pentodon pentandrus (Schumach. & Thonn.) Vatke var. pentandrus, indigenous

Phylohydrax edit

Genus Phylohydrax:[4]

Plectronia edit

Genus Plectronia:[4]

Plectroniella edit

Genus Plectroniella:[4]

Plocama edit

Genus Plocama:[4]

Psychotria edit

Genus Psychotria:[4]

  • Psychotria capensis (Eckl.) Vatke, indigenous
    • Psychotria capensis (Eckl.) Vatke subsp. capensis, indigenous
    • Psychotria capensis (Eckl.) Vatke subsp. capensis var. capensis, indigenous
    • Psychotria capensis (Eckl.) Vatke subsp. capensis var. pubescens, endemic
  • Psychotria zombamontana (Kuntze) E.M.A.Petit, indigenous

Psydrax edit

Genus Psydrax:[4]

Pygmaeothamnus edit

Genus Pygmaeothamnus:[4]

  • Pygmaeothamnus chamaedendrum (Kuntze) Robyns, indigenous
    • Pygmaeothamnus chamaedendrum (Kuntze) Robyns var. chamaedendrum, endemic
    • Pygmaeothamnus chamaedendrum (Kuntze) Robyns var. setulosus Robyns, indigenous
  • Pygmaeothamnus zeyheri (Sond.) Robyns, indigenous
    • Pygmaeothamnus zeyheri (Sond.) Robyns var. rogersii Robyns, endemic
    • Pygmaeothamnus zeyheri (Sond.) Robyns var. zeyheri, indigenous

Pyrostria edit

Genus Pyrostria:[4]

Randia edit

Genus Randia:[4]

Richardia edit

Genus Richardia:[4]

Rothmannia edit

Genus Rothmannia:[4]

  • Rothmannia capensis Thunb. indigenous
  • Rothmannia fischeri (K.Schum.) Bullock, indigenous
    • Rothmannia fischeri (K.Schum.) Bullock subsp. fischeri, indigenous
    • Rothmannia fischeri (K.Schum.) Bullock subsp. moramballae (Hiern) Bridson, indigenous
  • Rothmannia globosa (Hochst.) Keay, indigenous

Rubia edit

Genus Rubia:[4]

Rytigynia edit

Genus Rytigynia:[4]

  • Rytigynia celastroides (Baill.) Verdc. indigenous
    • Rytigynia celastroides (Baill.) Verdc. var. australis Verdc. indigenous

Sericanthe edit

Genus Sericanthe:[4]

  • Sericanthe andongensis (Hiern) Robbr. indigenous
    • Sericanthe andongensis (Hiern) Robbr. subsp. andongensis, indigenous
    • Sericanthe andongensis (Hiern) Robbr. subsp. andongensis var. andongensis, indigenous
    • Sericanthe andongensis (Hiern) Robbr. subsp. legatii (Hutch.) Jordaan & H.M.Steyn, indigenous

Sherardia edit

Genus Sherardia:[4]

Spermacoce edit

Genus Spermacoce:[4]

Stylocoryne edit

Genus Stylocoryne:[4]

Tapiphyllum edit

Genus Tapiphyllum:[4]

Tarenna edit

Genus Tarenna:[4]

Tricalysia edit

Genus Tricalysia:[4]

Trichostachys edit

Genus Trichostachys:[4]

Vangueria edit

Genus Vangueria:[4]

References edit

  1. ^ "Angiosperm Phylogeny Website". Retrieved 1 June 2014.
  2. ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  3. ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.