Celal Yardımcı (1911–1986) was a Turkish politician who served as the minister of education and minister of justice in the 1950s. Being a member of the Democrat Party (DP) he was arrested and imprisoned following the military coup in 1960.
Celal Yardımcı | |
|---|---|
| Personal details | |
| Born | Hüseyin Celal Yardımcı 1911 Doğubeyazıt, Ottoman Empire |
| Died | 10 January 1986 (aged 74–75) Istanbul, Turkey |
| Resting place | Zincirlikuyu cemetery, Istanbul, Turkey |
| Nationality | Turk |
| Political party |
|
| Children | 2 |
| Alma mater | Istanbul University |
Early life and education edit
He was born Hüseyin Celal in Doğubayazıt, Ağrı, in 1911.[1] His parents divorced in 1929.[2] He had seven siblings.[2]
He graduated from Istanbul High School in 1928 and received a degree in law from Istanbul University in 1934.[1][2] During his studies at Istanbul University he also took courses in French and Greek languages.[2]
Career and arrest edit
Yardımcı started his career working as a clerk at the Istanbul Courthouse.[3] Then he worked as a lawyer and a journalist.[3] He joined the Democrat Party.[1] He was a member of the Parliament and represented Ağrı in the legislatures of the 9th, 10th and 11th between 1950 and 1960.[4] He also served as the deputy speaker of the Parliament.[1] He was appointed minister of state to the 20th cabinet and 22nd cabinet.[3][5] His first term in office was between 8 April 1953 and 17 May 1954, and the second was from 9 December 1955 to 15 November 1957.[6] In the 21st cabinet and 23rd cabinet he was the minister of education.[3] Yardımcı served in the post from 17 May 1954 to 9 December 1955 and from 25 November 1957 to 22 May 1959.[6] During his first term as the education minister Maarif Colleges were launched in 1955.[6] These schools were one of the consequences of the improved relations between Turkey and the United States and provided English and Turkish courses.[6]
In the 23rd cabinet he served as the minister of justice between 3 April and 27 May 1960.[3] All of these cabinets were led by Prime Minister Adnan Menderes.[3] Yardımcı was serving as the minister of justice when a military coup occurred on 27 May 1960.[2] Immediately after the coup he was arrested and tried at the Yassıada court and sentenced to life imprisonment.[1][2] During the trials lasted between 14 October 1960 and 15 September 1961 his lawyer was his sister, Mesude Varol.[2] In the Yassıada prison he stayed in the same room with Fatin Rüştü Zorlu who was the minister of foreign affairs in the Menderes cabinets.[2] Zorlu would be executed immediately after the trials on 16 September.[2] Yardımcı was first jailed in Kayseri and then in Istanbul and Ankara.[1]
He was released from the prison in January 1965 when he was pardoned by the President Cemal Gürsel due to his health problems.[1] Then he worked as a lawyer.[3] When former DP politicians were permitted to join political parties in 1975 Yardımcı became a member of the Justice Party headed by Süleyman Demirel and was elected as a deputy from Istanbul serving in the 16th legislature.[1]
Personal life and death edit
Yardımcı was married to Harika Yardımcı and had two children.[1] He died in Istanbul on 10 January 1986[3] and was buried in Zincirlikuyu cemetery.[1]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Mehmet Gündüz (2019). "Milli Eğitim Bakanı Celal Yardımcı ve Eğitim Alanındaki Faaliyetleri". Yakın Dönem Türkiye Araştırmaları (in Turkish) (35): 79–85. doi:10.26650/YTA2019-583785. S2CID 198743419.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Esma Torun Çelik (2020). "Yassıada duruşmalarında Ağrı milletvekili Hüseyin Celal Yardımcı". Tarih Okulu Dergisi (in Turkish). 49: 3784–3822. doi:10.29228/joh.45867. S2CID 235014695.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Celal Yardımcı" (in Turkish). Biyografya. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
- ^ Zafer Koylu; Rıdvan Süslü (September 2020). "Türk Siyasi Hayatında Kasım Küfrevi". Tarih Ve Gelecek Dergisi (in Turkish). 6 (3): 841–854. doi:10.21551/jhf.783049. S2CID 224959188.
- ^ "Developments of the Quarter: Comment and Chronology". The Middle East Journal. 10 (2): 193. 1956. JSTOR 4322801.
- ^ a b c d Mehmet Gündüz; Aynur Soydan Erdemir (December 2021). "The Place and Importance of the Maarif Colleges in Turkish Education System". Research on Education and Psychology. 5 (2): 248. doi:10.54535/rep.1005145. S2CID 245205268.