The men's 100 metres was the shortest of the men's track races in the Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics program in Tokyo, Japan. It was held at the Olympic Stadium on 14 and 15 October 1964. 76 athletes from 49 nations entered, with 3 not starting in the first round. Nations were limited to three athletes each, per rules in force since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The first two rounds were held on 14 October, with the semifinals and the final on the following day.[1]
| Men's 100 metres at the Games of the XVIII Olympiad | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Venue | Olympic Stadium Tokyo, Japan | ||||||||||||
| Dates | 14 October (heats, quarterfinals) 15 October 1964 (semifinals, finals) | ||||||||||||
| Competitors | 73 from 49 nations | ||||||||||||
| Winning time | 10.0 seconds | ||||||||||||
| Medalists | |||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
In the final, American Bob Hayes tied the world record of 10.0 seconds and won the gold medal. Enrique Figuerola of Cuba and Harry Jerome of Canada tied the old Olympic record time. It was Cuba's first medal in the event; Canada earned its first men's 100 metres medal since 1928.
Background edit
This was the fifteenth time the event was held, having appeared at every Olympics since the first in 1896. Neither of the top two runners from 1960 returned, but Rome bronze medalist Brit Peter Radford and fourth-place finisher Cuban Enrique Figuerola did. Other notable entrants were American Bob Hayes (the favorite who was unbeaten in the event, including the 100 yards variant, since 1962) and Canadian Harry Jerome (a 1960 semifinalist who held a share of the world record).[2] A muscle strain prevented Venezuelan Horacio Esteves (another 1960 semifinalist with a share of the world record) from competing.[3]
Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Dominican Republic, Iran, the Ivory Coast, Madagascar, Mali, Northern Rhodesia, Rhodesia, Senegal, and Vietnam were represented in the event for the first time. The new federation of Malaysia also competed for the first time, though both Malaya and Singapore had previously appeared. The United States was the only nation to have appeared at each of the first fifteen Olympic men's 100 metres events.[citation needed]
Competition format edit
The event retained the same basic four round format from 1920–1960: heats, quarterfinals, semifinals, and a final. However, after an extremely static format from 1936 to 1956, the format was modified for a second time in 1964 after 1960's tweaks. The changes generally increased the number of athletes in each race; for the first time in Olympic men's 100 metres history, 8 runners competed at a time.[2]
| 1936–56 | 1960 | 1964 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heats | Number of heats | 12 | 9 | 10 |
| Athletes per heat | Up to 7 | 6–7 | 7–8 | |
| Qualifiers per heat | 2 | 3 | 3 | |
| Quarterfinals | Number of heats | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Athletes per heat | 6 | 6–7 | 7–8 | |
| Qualifiers per heat | 3 | 3 | 4 | |
| Semifinals | Number of heats | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Athletes per heat | 6 | 6 | 8 | |
| Qualifiers per heat | 3 | 3 | 4 | |
| Finals | Number of heats | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Athletes per heat | 6 | 6 | 8 | |
Records edit
Prior to the competition, the existing World and Olympic records were as follows.
| World record | 10.0 |  Armin Hary
|
Zürich, Switzerland | 21 June 1960 |
| 10.0 |  Harry Jerome
|
Saskatoon, Canada | 15 July 1960 | |
| 10.0 |  Horacio Esteves
|
Caracas, Venezuela | 15 August 1964 | |
| Olympic record | 10.2 | Armin Hary
|
Rome, Italy | 31 August 1960 |
| 10.3 | Armin Hary
|
Rome, Italy | 31 August 1960 | |
| 10.3 |  Dave Sime
|
Rome, Italy | 31 August 1960 |
Bob Hayes had an official time of 10.0 seconds in the final, breaking the Olympic record by 0.2 seconds and matching the world record. His official time of 9.9 seconds in the semifinals did not count for records purposes because of wind assistance.
Results edit
First round edit
The top three runners in each of the 10 heats advanced. The Official Report describes the weather for these heats as 'rainy'. The wind varied widely, between a 2.85 m/s headwind (in heat 3) and a 1.60 m/s tailwind (in heat 6).[4]
Heat 1 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hideo Iijima |  Japan |
10.3 | Q |
| 2 | Bernard Laidebeur |  France |
10.5 | Q |
| 3 | Edvin Ozolin |  Soviet Union |
10.5 | Q |
| 4 | Kenneth Powell |  India |
10.7 | |
| 5 | Zbigniew Syka |  Poland |
10.7 | |
| 6 | Jean-Louis Ravelomanantsoa |  Madagascar |
10.8 | |
| 7 | Sara Camara |  Mali |
11.3 |
Heat 2 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Trenton Jackson |  United States |
10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Peter Radford |  Great Britain |
10.6 | Q |
| 3 | B. El Maachi Bouchaib |  Morocco |
10.6 | Q |
| 4 | Csaba Csutorás |  Hungary |
10.7 | |
| 5 | Johan Du Preez |  Rhodesia |
10.7 | |
| 6 | Jeong Gi-seon |  South Korea |
11.0 | |
| 7 | Arnulfo Valles |  Philippines |
11.1 |
Wind, -2.51 m/s
Heat 3 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gaoussou Koné |  Ivory Coast |
10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Mel Pender | United States |
10.5 | Q |
| 3 | Michael Ahey |  Ghana |
10.6 | Q |
| 4 | Franciscus Luitjes |  Netherlands |
10.6 | |
| 5 | Wilton Jackson |  Trinidad and Tobago |
10.6 | |
| 6 | Lynn Davies | Great Britain |
10.7 | |
| 7 | Gerardo di Tolla |  Peru |
10.9 | |
| 8 | Lee Ar-tu |  Taiwan |
11.2 |
Heat 4 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Marian Dudziak | Poland |
10.6 | Q |
| 2 | Stanley Fabian Allotey | Ghana |
10.6 | Q |
| 3 | John Owiti |  Kenya |
10.6 | Q |
| 4 | Carlos Lorenzo |  Mexico |
10.7 | |
| 5 | George Collie |  Bahamas |
10.9 | |
| 6 | Masaru Kamata | Japan |
10.9 | |
| 7 | Ho Thành Chinh |  Vietnam |
11.9 | |
| — | Nikolay Politiko | Soviet Union |
DNS |
Heat 5 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Harry Jerome |  Canada |
10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Claude Piquemal | France |
10.5 | Q |
| 3 | Lloyd Murad |  Venezuela |
10.8 | Q |
| 4 | James Odongo |  Uganda |
10.9 | |
| 5 | Gusman Kosanov | Soviet Union |
10.9 | |
| 6 | Abdoulaye N'Diaye |  Senegal |
11.0 | |
| 7 | Levy Psawkin |  Israel |
11.1 |
Heat 6 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Heinz Schumann |  United Team of Germany |
10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Dennis O. Johnson |  Jamaica |
10.6 | Q |
| 3 | William Earle |  Australia |
10.7 | Q |
| 4 | Serafino Antao | Kenya |
10.7 | |
| 5 | Huba Rozsnyai | Hungary |
10.8 | |
| 6 | Alf Meakin | Great Britain |
10.8 | |
| 7 | David Njitock |  Cameroon |
11.1 | |
| 8 | Akbar Babakhanlou |  Iran |
11.1 |
Heat 7 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wiesław Maniak | Poland |
10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Arquímedes Herrera | Venezuela |
10.5 | Q |
| 3 | Mani Jegathesan |  Malaysia |
10.6 | Q |
| 4 | José de Rocha |  Portugal |
11.0 | |
| 5 | Bassirou Doumbia | Senegal |
11.0 | |
| 6 | Francisco Gutiérrez |  Colombia |
11.0 | |
| 7 | Iftikhar Shah |  Pakistan |
11.4 |
Heat 8 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bob Hayes | United States |
10.4 | Q |
| 2 | Tom Robinson | Bahamas |
10.5 | Q |
| 3 | Bob Lay | Australia |
10.5 | Q |
| 4 | Ito Jiani |  Italy |
10.6 | |
| 5 | Rogelio Onofre | Philippines |
10.7 | |
| 6 | Khudher Zalada |  Iraq |
11.1 | |
| — | David Ejoke |  Nigeria |
DNS |
Heat 9 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fritz Obersiebrasse | United Team of Germany |
10.4 | Q |
| 2 | Iván Moreno |  Chile |
10.5 | Q |
| 3 | Pablo McNeil | Jamaica |
10.5 | Q |
| 4 | László Mihályfi | Hungary |
10.6 | |
| 5 | Gary Holdsworth | Australia |
10.6 | |
| 6 | Max Barandun |  Switzerland |
10.7 | |
| 7 | Jeffery Smith |  Northern Rhodesia |
10.8 | |
| – | Wesley Johnson |  Liberia |
DNF |
Heat 10 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Enrique Figuerola |  Cuba |
10.5 | Q |
| 2 | Lynn Headley | Jamaica |
10.5 | Q |
| 3 | Roger Bambuck | France |
10.6 | Q |
| 4 | Manfred Knickenberg | United Team of Germany |
10.7 | |
| 5 | Léon Yombe |  Republic of the Congo |
10.8 | |
| 6 | Alberto Torres |  Dominican Republic |
10.9 | |
| 7 | Suthi Manyakass |  Thailand |
10.9 | |
| 8 | Rogelio Rivas |  Spain |
11.1 |
Quarterfinals edit
The top four runners in each of the four second round heats advanced to the semifinals. The weather was cloudy and winds were tailwinds throughout.[5]
Quarterfinal 1 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Harry Jerome | Canada |
10.3 | Q |
| 2 | Trenton Jackson | United States |
10.4 | Q |
| 3 | Fritz Obersiebrasse | United Team of Germany |
10.4 | Q |
| 4 | Gaoussou Koné | Ivory Coast |
10.4 | Q |
| 5 | Dennis O. Johnson | Jamaica |
10.5 | |
| 6 | Marian Dudziak | Poland |
10.5 | |
| 7 | Bernard Laidebeur | France |
10.5 | |
| 8 | William Joseph Earle | Australia |
10.9 |
Wind, +1.90 m/s
Quarterfinal 2 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Enrique Figuerola | Cuba |
10.3 | Q |
| 2 | Wiesław Maniak | Poland |
10.3 | Q |
| 3 | Bob Lay | Australia |
10.4 | Q |
| 4 | Claude Piquemal | France |
10.4 | Q |
| 5 | Edvin Ozolin | Soviet Union |
10.4 | |
| 6 | B. El Maachi Bouchaib | Morocco |
10.5 | |
| 7 | John Owiti | Kenya |
10.6 |
Quarterfinal 3 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tom Robinson | Bahamas |
10.3 | Q |
| 2 | Mel Pender | United States |
10.4 | Q |
| 3 | Iijima Hideo | Japan |
10.5 | Q |
| 4 | Pablo McNeil | Jamaica |
10.5 | Q |
| 5 | Mani Jegathesan | Malaysia |
10.6 | |
| 6 | Ivan Moreno | Chile |
10.6 | |
| 7 | Stanley Fabian Allotey | Ghana |
10.7 | |
| 8 | Lloyd Murad | Venezuela |
10.7 |
Quarterfinal 4 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bob Hayes | United States |
10.3 | Q |
| 2 | Arquimedes Herrera | Venezuela |
10.4 | Q |
| 3 | Lynn Headley | Jamaica |
10.4 | Q |
| 4 | Heinz Schumann | United Team of Germany |
10.5 | Q |
| 5 | Peter Radford | Great Britain |
10.5 | |
| 6 | Roger Bambuck | France |
10.5 | |
| 7 | Michael Ahey | Ghana |
10.6 |
Semifinals edit
The top four runners in each of the two semifinals advanced to the final. The weather was described as "fine," with lower humidity than the first two rounds and a temperature of 23.8 degrees Celsius. There was a strong tailwind for the first semifinal and a moderate headwind for the second.[6]
Semifinal 1 edit
The tailwind speed of 5.28 m/s meant this semifinal was ineligible for record purposes.
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bob Hayes | United States |
9.9 | Q |
| 2 | Wiesław Maniak | Poland |
10.1 | Q |
| 3 | Tom Robinson | Bahamas |
10.2 | Q |
| 4 | Heinz Schumann | United Team of Germany |
10.3 | Q |
| 5 | Robert William Lay | Australia |
10.3 | |
| 6 | Pablo McNeil | Jamaica |
10.3 | |
| 7 | Arquimedes Herrera | Venezuela |
10.4 | |
| 8 | Trenton Jackson | United States |
10.6 |
Semifinal 2 edit
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Harry Jerome | Canada |
10.3 | Q |
| 2 | Gaoussou Koné | Ivory Coast |
10.4 | Q |
| 3 | Enrique Figuerola | Cuba |
10.4 | Q |
| 4 | Mel Pender | United States |
10.4 | Q |
| 5 | Claude Piquemal | France |
10.5 | |
| 6 | Lynn Headley | Jamaica |
10.5 | |
| 7 | Iijima Hideo | Japan |
10.6 | |
| 8 | Fritz Obersiebrasse | United Team of Germany |
10.6 |
Final edit
Until the Tokyo Olympics world records were measured by officials with stopwatches, measured to the nearest tenth of a second. Although fully automatic timing was used in Tokyo, the times were given the appearance of manual timing. This was done by subtracting 0.05 seconds from the automatic time and rounding to the nearest tenth of a second, making Hayes' time of 10.06 seconds convert to 10.0 seconds (a new Olympic record and matching the existing world record), despite the fact that the officials with stopwatches had measured Hayes' time to be 9.9 seconds,[7] and the average difference between manual and automatic times was typically 0.15 to 0.20 seconds. This unique method of determining the official time therefore denied Hayes the record of being the first to officially record 9.9 seconds for the 100 meters. The first official times of 9.9 seconds were recorded at the "Night of Speed" in 1968.
The final was run in "fine" weather, with a tailwind of just over a metre per second.[6] Hayes ran on lane one, which had been damaged by competitors in the men's 10,000 metres and the men's 20 km walk. Nevertheless, his "margin of victory was described by Track & Field News as 'insulting to an Olympic final field.'"[2]
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Bob Hayes | United States |
10.0 | =WR |
 |
Enrique Figuerola | Cuba |
10.2 | |
 |
Harry Jerome | Canada |
10.2 | |
| 4 | Wiesław Maniak | Poland |
10.4 | |
| 5 | Heinz Schumann | United Team of Germany |
10.4 | |
| 6 | Gaoussou Koné | Ivory Coast |
10.4 | |
| Mel Pender | United States |
10.4 | ||
| 8 | Tom Robinson | Bahamas |
10.5 |
- Wind speed= +1.1 m/s (2.5 mph)
References edit
- ^ "Athletics at the 1964 Tokyo Summer Games: Men's 100 metres". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
- ^ a b c "100 metres, Men". Olympedia. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- ^ "Horacio conquistó el mundo hace 47 años". Solodeportes (in Spanish). Venezuela. 15 August 2011. Archived from the original on 15 September 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
- ^ Official Report, vol. 2, pp. 19–20.
- ^ Official Report, vol. 2, p. 20.
- ^ a b Official Report, vol. 2, p. 21.
- ^ revisionist history: men's 100 WR. trackandfieldnews.com. 1 November 2013
- Official Report