2022 San Marino and Rimini Riviera motorcycle Grand Prix

The 2022 San Marino and Rimini Riviera motorcycle Grand Prix (officially known as the Gran Premio Gryfyn di San Marino e della Riviera di Rimini) was the fourteenth round of the 2022 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, and the sixth and final round of the 2022 MotoE World Cup. All races (except MotoE race 1 which was held on 3 September) were held at the Misano World Circuit Marco Simoncelli in Misano Adriatico on 4 September 2022.

  2022 San Marino Grand Prix

Race details
Race 14 of 20 races in the 2022 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season
Date	3–4 September 2022
Official name	Gran Premio Gryfyn di San Marino e della Riviera di Rimini
Location	Misano World Circuit Marco Simoncelli Misano Adriatico, Province of Rimini, Italy
Course	Permanent racing facility 4.226 km (2.626 mi)
MotoGP
Pole position Rider Jack Miller Ducati Time 1:31.899 Fastest lap Rider Enea Bastianini Ducati Time 1:31.868 on lap 27 Podium First Francesco Bagnaia Ducati Second Enea Bastianini Ducati Third Maverick Viñales Aprilia
Moto2
Pole position Rider Celestino Vietti Kalex Time 1:35.996 Fastest lap Rider Ai Ogura Kalex Time 1:36.867 on lap 4 Podium First Alonso López Boscoscuro Second Arón Canet Kalex Third Augusto Fernández Kalex
Moto3
Pole position Rider Deniz Öncü KTM Time 1:42.448 Fastest lap Rider Dennis Foggia Honda Time 1:41.740 on lap 9 Podium First Dennis Foggia Honda Second Jaume Masià KTM Third Izan Guevara Gas Gas
MotoE Race 1
Pole position Rider Dominique Aegerter Energica Time 1:43.174 Fastest lap Rider Matteo Ferrari Energica Time 1:43.212 on lap 2 Podium First Mattia Casadei Energica Second Dominique Aegerter Energica Third Matteo Ferrari Energica
MotoE Race 2
Pole position Rider Dominique Aegerter Energica Time 1:43.174 Fastest lap Rider Matteo Ferrari Energica Time 1:42.904 on lap 3 Podium First Matteo Ferrari Energica Second Mattia Casadei Energica Third Eric Granado Energica

The two independent Ducati teams, Gresini Racing and Mooney VR46 Racing Team used a special livery in this race. Gresini Racing uses a special livery as a form of respect for the late Fausto Gresini. Meanwhile, Mooney VR46 Racing Team wears a special livery to continue Valentino Rossi's tradition of using a helmet with a special design every race in Italy. The special livery called Aeroprism was designed by Michah Dowbak aka Mad Dog Jones. Some of the designs are inspired by the livery that Valentino Rossi used at Mugello in 1999 when he was still in the 250cc class.

Background

Riders' entries

In the MotoGP class, in addition to Stefan Bradl who continues to replace Marc Márquez in the Repsol Honda Team, Kazuki Watanabe takes the place of Joan Mir in the Team Suzuki Ecstar, due to the ankle injury suffered by the Spanish rider in the Austrian Grand Prix; Michele Pirro runs for the fourth time this season as a wildcard. This is the last Grand Prix for Andrea Dovizioso who has decided to retire; for the remaining races the WithU Yamaha RNF MotoGP Team bike will be driven by test rider Cal Crutchlow. In the Moto2 class, two riders race with the wildcard: Rory Skinner, in the third consecutive race with American Racing, and Mattia Pasini, in his second season after Mugello, with GasGas Aspar Team. Australian driver Senna Agius (Elf Marc VDS Racing Team) and Japanese Taiga Hada (Pertamina Mandalika SAG Team) respectively replace the injured Sam Lowes and Gabriel Rodrigo. In the Moto3 class, the Italian Nicola Carraro continues to replace his compatriot Matteo Bertelle in the QJmotor Avintia Racing Team, while the Australian Harrison Voight runs as a wildcard in the Sic58 Squadra Corse. In the MotoE class, at the last two races of this edition, the riders are the same as in the entry list of the season with no further substitutes.

MotoGP Championship standings before the race

Fabio Quartararo increases his advantage over Aleix Espargaró in the riders' standings (200 points for the first, 168 for the second). The latter has twelve points ahead of Francesco Bagnaia, winner in Austria and his third consecutive success. Johann Zarco and Jack Miller are fourth and fifth with 125 and 123 points respectively. In the constructors' standings, Ducati continues to lead the standings with 296 points with a large advantage over their rivals: +96 on Yamaha, +111 on Aprilia, +156 on KTM, +178 on Suzuki and +206 on Honda. In the team standings, Ducati Lenovo Team overtakes Aprilia Racing in the lead (279 points for the former, 253 for the latter). Monster Energy Yamaha MotoGP is third with 226 points, with a lead of 14 and 34 points respectively over Prima Pramac Racing and Red Bull KTM Factory Racing.

Moto2 Championship standings before the race

In the riders' standings, Ai Ogura, thanks to Spielberg's victory, overtakes Augusto Fernández at the head by just one point (183 vs 182 points). Celestino Vietti is third with 156 points, followed by Arón Canet and Joe Roberts with 137 and 108 points respectively. In the constructors' classification, Kalex (who has already won the title arithmetically) has full points with 325 points, followed by Boscoscuro (86 points) and MV Agusta (5 points). In the team standings, Idemitsu Honda Team Asia overtook in first position (275 points) against Red Bull KTM Ajo, five points away. Flexbox HP40 is third with 212 points, with a lead of 52 and 53 points respectively over GasGas Aspar Team and Elf Marc VDS Racing Team.

Moto3 Championship standings before the race

Sergio García's advantage slightly increases (193 points) over his team-mate Izan Guevara, now five points behind the top of the riders' standings. Dennis Foggia (144 points), Ayumu Sasaki (winner in the previous race, 138 points) and Jaume Masià and Deniz Öncü (127 points either) follow. In the constructors' classification, the gap between Gas Gas (first at 246 points) and Honda (second at 226 points) is reduced to twenty. KTM is third with 210 points, Husqvarna is fourth with 167 points, CFMoto closes the ranking with 103 points. The team classification is largely led by GasGas Aspar Team with 381 points, with an advantage of 123 points over Leopard Racing; followed by Red Bull KTM Ajo, third at 183 points, Sterilgarda Husqvarna Max fourth at 178 points and Red Bull KTM Tech3 fifth at 156 points.

MotoE Cup standings before the race

Dominique Aegerter reaches the last two races in the lead with 194 points, with a 17.5 point lead over Eric Granado. Matteo Ferrari is third with 121.5 points, followed by Miquel Pons (115 points) and Mattia Casadei (111 points).

Free practice

MotoGP

Combinated Free Practice 1-2-3

The top ten riders (written in bold) qualified in Q2.

Fastest session lap

Pos.	No.	Biker	Constructor	Free practice times
				FP1	FP2	FP3
1	43	Jack Miller	Ducati	1:32:537	1:31.702	1:31.296
2	63	Francesco Bagnaia	Ducati	1:32.752	1:31.631	1:31.367
3	23	Enea Bastianini	Ducati	1:32.838	1:31.517	1:32.395
4	20	Fabio Quartararo	Yamaha	1:32.313	1:31.843	1:31.644
5	42	Álex Rins	Suzuki	1:32.858	1:32.365	1:31.707
6	5	Johann Zarco	Ducati	1:32.999	1:31.837	1:32.350
7	12	Maverick Viñales	Aprilia	1:32.706	1:31.882	1:31.844
8	41	Aleix Espargaró	Aprilia	1:32.698	1:31.929	1:32.464
9	21	Franco Morbidelli	Yamaha	1:33.562	1:32.242	1:31.937
10	88	Miguel Oliveira	KTM	1:33.636	1:32.330	1:31.955
11	72	Marco Bezzecchi	Ducati	1:33.218	1:32.191	1:31.956
12	44	Pol Espargaró	Honda	1:33.105	1:32.301	1:32.075
13	10	Luca Marini	Ducati	1:32.981	1:32.749	1:32.076
14	73	Álex Márquez	Honda	1:33.253	1:32.418	1:32.122
15	89	Jorge Martín	Ducati	1:33.830	1:32.166	1:32.975
16	51	Michele Pirro	Ducati	1:32.693	1:32.673	1:32.263
17	33	Brad Binder	KTM	1:33.207	1:32.358	1:32.520
18	49	Fabio Di Giannantonio	Ducati	1:33.897	1:32.656	1:32.417
19	6	Stefan Bradl	Honda	1:33.855	1:32.978	1:32.462
20	30	Takaaki Nakagami	Honda	1:33.314	1:32.566	1:32.506
21	4	Andrea Dovizioso	Yamaha	1:33.435	1:32.894	1:32.716
22	25	Raúl Fernández	KTM	1:33.687	1:33.200	1:33.340
23	40	Darryn Binder	Yamaha	1:34.836	1:33.608	1:33.240
24	87	Remy Gardner	KTM	1:34.165	1:33.559	1:33.378
25	92	Kazuki Watanabe	Suzuki	1:37.294	1:36.019	1:35.683
OFFICIAL MOTOGP COMBINED FREE PRACTICE TIMES REPORT

Moto2

Combinated Free Practice

The top fourteen riders (written in bold) qualified in Q2.

Fastest session lap

Pos.	No.	Biker	Constructor	Free practice times
				FP1	FP2	FP3
1	21	Alonso López	Boscoscuro	1:37:400	1:36.597	1:36.107
2	96	Jake Dixon	Kalex	1:36.716	1:36.692	1:36.310
3	40	Arón Canet	Kalex	1:36.778	1:36.859	1:36.355
4	75	Albert Arenas	Kalex	1:37.515	1:36.802	1:36.367
5	13	Celestino Vietti	Kalex	1:36.573	1:37.137	1:36.380
6	37	Augusto Fernández	Kalex	1:36.817	1:36.670	1:36.386
7	51	Pedro Acosta	Kalex	1:37.420	1:36.928	1:36.473
8	54	Fermín Aldeguer	Boscoscuro	1:37.321	1:37.314	1:36.522
9	35	Somkiat Chantra	Kalex	1:37.401	1:36.848	1:36.524
10	14	Tony Arbolino	Kalex	1:37.251	1:36.935	1:36.580
11	11	Mattia Pasini	Kalex	1:36.668	1:37.299	1:37.033
12	9	Jorge Navarro	Kalex	1:37.686	1:37.439	1:36.671
13	79	Ai Ogura	Kalex	1:37.041	1:36.962	1:36.764
14	12	Filip Salač	Kalex	1:37.519	1:36.973	1:36.789
15	64	Bo Bendsneyder	Kalex	1:37.319	1:37.175	1:36.861
16	16	Joe Roberts	Kalex	1:37.352	1:37.591	1:36.961
17	7	Barry Baltus	Kalex	1:37.636	1:37.975	1:36.993
18	18	Manuel González	Kalex	1:37.636	1:37.218	1:37.126
19	23	Marcel Schrötter	Kalex	1:37.904	1:37.292	1:37.146
20	19	Lorenzo Dalla Porta	Kalex	1:38.193	1:37.162	1:37.175
21	52	Jeremy Alcoba	Kalex	1:38.605	1:37.964	1:37.192
22	28	Niccolò Antonelli	Kalex	1:37.279	1:38.060	1:37.616
23	61	Alessandro Zaccone	Kalex	1:38.392	1:38.633	1:37.353
24	6	Cameron Beaubier	Kalex	1:38.102	1:38.070	1:37.459
25	84	Zonta van den Goorbergh	Kalex	1:37.946	1:37.857	1:37.515
26	8	Senna Agius	Kalex	1:38.524	1:38.204	1:37.814
27	24	Simone Corsi	MV Agusta	1:37.996	1:37.991	1:38.773
28	42	Marcos Ramírez	MV Agusta	1:37.998	1:38.186	1:38.195
29	29	Taiga Hada	Kalex	1:40.174	1:38.512	1:38.273
30	4	Sean Dylan Kelly	Kalex	1:39.467	1:39.081	1:38.330
31	81	Keminth Kubo	Kalex	1:39.001	1:38.877	1:38.926
OFFICIAL MOTO2 COMBINED FREE PRACTICE TIMES REPORT

Qualifying

MotoGP

OFFICIAL MOTOGP QUALIFYING RESULTS

Race

MotoGP

Pos.	No.	Biker	Team	Constructor	Laps	Time/Retired	Grid	Points
1	63	Francesco Bagnaia	Ducati Lenovo Team	Ducati	27	41:43.199	5	25
2	23	Enea Bastianini	Gresini Racing MotoGP	Ducati	27	+0.034	2	20
3	12	Maverick Viñales	Aprilia Racing	Aprilia	27	+4.212	4	16
4	10	Luca Marini	Mooney VR46 Racing Team	Ducati	27	+5.283	7	13
5	20	Fabio Quartararo	Monster Energy Yamaha MotoGP	Yamaha	27	+5.771	8	11
6	41	Aleix Espargaró	Aprilia Racing	Aprilia	27	+10.230	9	10
7	42	Álex Rins	Team Suzuki Ecstar	Suzuki	27	+12.496	12	9
8	33	Brad Binder	Red Bull KTM Factory Racing	KTM	27	+14.661	15	8
9	89	Jorge Martín	Prima Pramac Racing	Ducati	27	+17.732	13	7
10	73	Álex Márquez	LCR Honda Castrol	Honda	27	+21.986	16	6
11	88	Miguel Oliveira	Red Bull KTM Factory Racing	KTM	27	+23.685	10	5
12	04	Andrea Dovizioso	WithU Yamaha RNF MotoGP Team	Yamaha	27	+29.276	18	4
13	25	Raúl Fernández	Tech3 KTM Factory Racing	KTM	27	+30.433	25	3
14	6	Stefan Bradl	Repsol Honda Team	Honda	27	+31.768	20	2
15	30	Takaaki Nakagami	LCR Honda Idemitsu	Honda	27	+32.547	22	1
16	40	Darryn Binder	WithU Yamaha RNF MotoGP Team	Yamaha	27	+41.857	21
17	72	Marco Bezzecchi	Mooney VR46 Racing Team	Ducati	27	+50.559	3
18	43	Jack Miller	Ducati Lenovo Team	Ducati	27	+53.371	1
19	87	Remy Gardner	Tech3 KTM Factory Racing	KTM	27	+56.613	24
20	49	Fabio Di Giannantonio	Gresini Racing MotoGP	Ducati	27	+57.304	14
21	92	Kazuki Watanabe	Team Suzuki Ecstar	Suzuki	26	+1 lap	23
Ret	21	Franco Morbidelli	Monster Energy Yamaha MotoGP	Yamaha	2	Accident	11
Ret	5	Johann Zarco	Prima Pramac Racing	Ducati	0	Collision	6
Ret	51	Michele Pirro	Aruba.it Racing	Ducati	0	Collision	17
Ret	44	Pol Espargaró	Repsol Honda Team	Honda	0	Collision	19
Fastest lap: Enea Bastianini (Ducati) – 1:31.868 (lap 27)
OFFICIAL MOTOGP RACE REPORT

Moto2

Pos.	No.	Biker	Constructor	Laps	Time/Retired	Grid	Points
1	21	Alonso López	Boscoscuro	25	40:35.332	3	25
2	40	Arón Canet	Kalex	25	+1.253	4	20
3	37	Augusto Fernández	Kalex	25	+3.305	9	16
4	75	Albert Arenas	Kalex	25	+4.615	2	13
5	79	Ai Ogura	Kalex	25	+9.166	8	11
6	51	Pedro Acosta	Kalex	25	+10.339	13	10
7	14	Tony Arbolino	Kalex	25	+10.434	5	9
8	35	Somkiat Chantra	Kalex	25	+12.377	11	8
9	16	Joe Roberts	Kalex	25	+18.242	15	7
10	52	Jeremy Alcoba	Kalex	25	+19.560	21	6
11	23	Marcel Schrötter	Kalex	25	+27.896	12	5
12	64	Bo Bendsneyder	Kalex	25	+28.452	14	4
13	7	Barry Baltus	Kalex	25	+30.991	20	3
14	6	Cameron Beaubier	Kalex	25	+38.371	24	2
15	61	Alessandro Zaccone	Kalex	25	+41.690	22	1
16	42	Marcos Ramírez	MV Agusta	25	+42.209	27
17	29	Taiga Hada	Kalex	25	+1:09.174	28
Ret	4	Sean Dylan Kelly	Kalex	18	Accident	29
Ret	13	Celestino Vietti	Kalex	14	Accident Damage	1
Ret	11	Mattia Pasini	Kalex	12	Accident	10
Ret	28	Niccolò Antonelli	Kalex	11	Accident	23
Ret	24	Simone Corsi	MV Agusta	9	Mechanical	30
Ret	84	Zonta van den Goorbergh	Kalex	9	Accident Damage	26
Ret	54	Fermín Aldeguer	Boscoscuro	9	Accident Damage	7
Ret	19	Lorenzo Dalla Porta	Kalex	6	Accident	6
Ret	8	Senna Agius	Kalex	5	Accident Damage	25
Ret	9	Jorge Navarro	Kalex	4	Accident	16
Ret	12	Filip Salač	Kalex	4	Accident	17
Ret	96	Jake Dixon	Kalex	0	Accident	18
Ret	18	Manuel González	Kalex	0	Accident	19
Ret	81	Keminth Kubo	Kalex	0	Accident	31
Fastest lap: Ai Ogura (Kalex) – 1:36.867 (lap 4)
OFFICIAL MOTO2 RACE REPORT

Moto3

Pos.	No.	Biker	Constructor	Laps	Time/Retired	Grid	Points
1	7	Dennis Foggia	Honda	23	39:21.864	7	25
2	5	Jaume Masià	KTM	23	+0.289	11	20
3	28	Izan Guevara	Gas Gas	23	+0.334	5	16
4	53	Deniz Öncü	KTM	23	+0.453	1	13
5	96	Daniel Holgado	KTM	23	+4.955	2	11
6	24	Tatsuki Suzuki	Honda	23	+5.926	16	10
7	10	Diogo Moreira	KTM	23	+11.002	3	9
8	48	Ivan Ortolá	KTM	23	+11.188	26	8
9	17	John McPhee	Husqvarna	23	+11.383	8	7
10	82	Stefano Nepa	KTM	23	+11.494	12	6
11	54	Riccardo Rossi	Honda	23	+11.560	14	5
12	44	David Muñoz	KTM	23	+11.633	15	4
13	6	Ryusei Yamanaka	KTM	23	+11.885	4	3
14	66	Joel Kelso	KTM	23	+16.963	30	2
15	23	Elia Bartolini	KTM	23	+19.888	21	1
16	31	Adrián Fernández	KTM	23	+20.528	10
17	67	Alberto Surra	Honda	23	+20.728	19
18	20	Lorenzo Fellon	Honda	23	+20.805	18
19	27	Kaito Toba	KTM	23	+23.619	24
20	43	Xavier Artigas	CFMoto	23	+25.556	25
21	72	Taiyo Furusato	Honda	23	+35.326	27
22	22	Ana Carrasco	KTM	23	+49.990	31
23	29	Harrison Voight	KTM	23	+52.184	28
24	70	Joshua Whatley	Honda	23	+56.428	29
25	19	Scott Ogden	Honda	22	+1 lap	22
Ret	99	Carlos Tatay	CFMoto	21	Accident	6
Ret	64	Mario Aji	Honda	4	Accident	23
Ret	16	Andrea Migno	Honda	2	Accident	9
Ret	71	Ayumu Sasaki	Husqvarna	0	Collision	17
Ret	9	Nicola Carraro	KTM	0	Collision	20
DSQ	11	Sergio García	Gas Gas	14	Black flag	13
Fastest lap: Dennis Foggia (Honda) – 1:41.710 (lap 9)
OFFICIAL MOTO3 RACE REPORT

• Sergio García was black flagged for irresponsible riding.

MotoE

Race 1

Pos.	No.	Biker	Laps	Time/Retired	Grid	Points
1	27	Mattia Casadei	8	13:52.413	2	25
2	77	Dominique Aegerter	8	+0.134	1	20
3	11	Matteo Ferrari	8	+0.188	5	16
4	40	Jordi Torres	8	+0.288	3	13
5	17	Álex Escrig	8	+5.086	8	11
6	7	Niccolò Canepa	8	+5.196	7	10
7	78	Hikari Okubo	8	+5.534	11	9
8	34	Kevin Manfredi	8	+6.904	12	8
9	10	Xavi Cardelús	8	+6.992	9	7
10	4	Héctor Garzó	8	+7.158	13	6
11	21	Kevin Zannoni	8	+11.016	10	5
12	38	Bradley Smith	8	+12.139	16	4
13	70	Marc Alcoba	8	+12.527	18	3
14	6	María Herrera	8	+12.563	15	2
15	12	Xavi Forés	8	+18.666	14	1
16	72	Alessio Finello	8	+22.819	17
17	51	Eric Granado	8	+39.798	4
Ret	71	Miquel Pons	0	Accident	6
Fastest lap: Matteo Ferrari – 1:43.212 (lap 2)
OFFICIAL MOTOE RACE NR.1 REPORT

• All bikes manufactured by Energica.

Race 2

Pos.	No.	Biker	Laps	Time/Retired	Grid	Points
1	11	Matteo Ferrari	8	13:52.553	5	25
2	27	Mattia Casadei	8	+0.195	2	20
3	51	Eric Granado	8	+0.673	4	16
4	77	Dominique Aegerter	8	+1.092	1	13
5	40	Jordi Torres	8	+1.304	3	11
6	7	Niccolò Canepa	8	+2.876	7	10
7	71	Miquel Pons	8	+4.249	6	9
8	17	Álex Escrig	8	+5.762	8	8
9	78	Hikari Okubo	8	+6.434	11	7
10	21	Kevin Zannoni	8	+6.920	10	6
11	34	Kevin Manfredi	8	+7.465	12	5
12	10	Xavi Cardelús	8	+7.526	9	4
13	70	Marc Alcoba	8	+8.576	18	3
14	4	Héctor Garzó	8	+9.344	13	2
15	12	Xavi Forés	8	+14.494	14	1
16	38	Bradley Smith	8	+14.660	16
17	72	Alessio Finello	8	+24.482	17
Ret	6	María Herrera	5	Accident	15
Fastest lap: Matteo Ferrari – 1:42.904 (lap 3)
OFFICIAL MOTOE RACE NR.2 REPORT

• All bikes manufactured by Energica.

Championship standings after the race

Below are the standings for the top five riders, constructors, and teams after the round.

MotoGP

Riders' Championship standings

	Pos.	Rider	Points
	1	Fabio Quartararo	211
1	2	Francesco Bagnaia	181
1	3	Aleix Espargaró	178
2	4	Enea Bastianini	138
1	5	Johann Zarco	125

Constructors' Championship standings

	Pos.	Constructor	Points
	1	Ducati	321
	2	Yamaha	211
	3	Aprilia	201
	4	KTM	148
	5	Suzuki	127

Teams' Championship standings

	Pos.	Team	Points
	1	Ducati Lenovo Team	304
	2	Aprilia Racing	279
	3	Monster Energy Yamaha MotoGP	237
	4	Prima Pramac Racing	219
	5	Red Bull KTM Factory Racing	205

Moto2

Riders' Championship standings

	Pos.	Rider	Points
1	1	Augusto Fernández	198
1	2	Ai Ogura	194
1	3	Arón Canet	157
1	4	Celestino Vietti	156
1	5	Tony Arbolino	117

Constructors' Championship standings

	Pos.	Constructor	Points
	1	Kalex	345
	2	Boscoscuro	111
	3	MV Agusta	5

Teams' Championship standings

	Pos.	Team	Points
1	1	Red Bull KTM Ajo	296
1	2	Idemitsu Honda Team Asia	294
	3	Flexbox HP40	232
	4	Inde GasGas Aspar Team	173
	5	Elf Marc VDS Racing Team	168

Moto3

Riders' Championship standings

	Pos.	Rider	Points
1	1	Izan Guevara	204
1	2	Sergio García	193
	3	Dennis Foggia	169
1	4	Jaume Masià	147
1	5	Deniz Öncü	140

Constructors' Championship standings

	Pos.	Constructor	Points
	1	Gas Gas	262
	2	Honda	251
	3	KTM	230
	4	Husqvarna	174
	5	CFMoto	103

Teams' Championship standings

	Pos.	Team	Points
	1	Gaviota GasGas Aspar Team	397
	2	Leopard Racing	293
	3	Red Bull KTM Ajo	214
	4	Sterilgarda Husqvarna Max	185
	5	Red Bull KTM Tech3	169

MotoE

	Pos.	Rider	Points
	1	Dominique Aegerter	227
	2	Eric Granado	192.5
	3	Matteo Ferrari	162.5
1	4	Mattia Casadei	156
1	5	Miquel Pons	124

External links

• "MotoGP Official Website". Retrieved 31 August 2022.