F o o d
A portal dedicated to food and foodways
Introduction
Food is any substance consumed by an organism for nutritional support. Food is usually of plant, animal, or fungal origin and contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals. The substance is ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells to provide energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth. Different species of animals have different feeding behaviours that satisfy the needs of their metabolisms and have evolved to fill a specific ecological niche within specific geographical contexts.
Omnivorous humans are highly adaptable and have adapted to obtain food in many different ecosystems. Humans generally use cooking to prepare food for consumption. The majority of the food energy required is supplied by the industrial food industry, which produces food through intensive agriculture and distributes it through complex food processing and food distribution systems. This system of conventional agriculture relies heavily on fossil fuels, which means that the food and agricultural systems are one of the major contributors to climate change, accounting for as much as 37% of total greenhouse gas emissions. (Full article...)
Cooking, also known as cookery or professionally as the culinary arts, is the art, science and craft of using heat to make food more palatable, digestible, nutritious, or safe. Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely, from grilling food over an open fire, to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting local conditions. Cooking is an aspect of all human societies and a cultural universal.
Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans. Archeological evidence of cooking fires from at least 300,000 years ago exists, but some estimate that humans started cooking up to 2 million years ago.
The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade, and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients. New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling of water, expanded cooking techniques. Some modern cooks apply advanced scientific techniques to food preparation to further enhance the flavor of the dish served. (Full article...)
KFC (also commonly referred to by its historical name Kentucky Fried Chicken) was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky, during the Great Depression. Sanders identified the potential of restaurant franchising, and the first "Kentucky Fried Chicken" franchise opened in Salt Lake City, Utah, in 1952. KFC popularized chicken in the fast-food industry, diversifying the market by challenging the established dominance of the hamburger. Branding himself "Colonel Sanders", the founder became a prominent figure of American cultural history, and his image remains widely used in KFC advertising. The company's rapid expansion made it too large for Sanders to manage, so in 1964 he sold the company to a group of investors led by John Y. Brown Jr. and Jack C. Massey.
KFC was one of the first fast-food chains to expand internationally, opening outlets in Britain, Mexico, and Jamaica by the mid-1960s. Throughout the 1970s and 80s, KFC experienced mixed success domestically, as it went through a series of changes in corporate ownership with little or no experience in the restaurant business. In the early 1970s, KFC was sold to the spirits distributor Heublein, which was taken over by the R. J. Reynolds food and tobacco conglomerate, which later sold the chain to PepsiCo. The chain continued to expand overseas, and in 1987 KFC became the first Western restaurant chain to open in China. (Full article...)
Selected article –
World food prices increased dramatically in 2007 and the first and second quarter of 2008, creating a global crisis and causing political and economic instability and social unrest in both poor and developed nations. Although the media spotlight focused on the riots that ensued in the face of high prices, the ongoing crisis of food insecurity had been years in the making. Systemic causes for the worldwide increases in food prices continue to be the subject of debate. After peaking in the second quarter of 2008, prices fell dramatically during the late-2000s recession but increased during late 2009 and 2010, reaching new heights in 2011 and 2012 (see 2010–2012 world food price crisis) at a level slightly higher than the level reached in 2008. Over the next years, prices fell, reaching a low in March 2016 with the deflated Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) food price index close to pre-crisis level of 2006.
The initial causes of the late-2006 price spikes included droughts in grain-producing nations and rising oil prices. Oil price increases also caused general escalations in the costs of fertilizers, food transportation, and industrial agriculture. Root causes may be the increasing use of biofuels in developed countries (see also food vs fuel), and an increasing demand for a more varied diet across the expanding middle-class populations of Asia. The FAO also raised concerns about the role of hedge funds speculating on prices leading to major shifts in prices. These factors, coupled with falling world-food stockpiles, all contributed to the worldwide rise in food prices. (Full article...)Selected cuisine -
Taiwanese cuisine (臺灣料理; Táiwān liàolǐ; Tâi-oân liāu-lí, Bopomofo: ㄊㄞˊㄨㄢˉㄌㄧㄠˋㄌㄧˇ, or Chinese: 臺灣菜; pinyin: Táiwāncài; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-oân-chhài, Bopomofo: ㄊㄞˊㄨㄢˉㄘㄞˋ) is a popular style of food with several variations, including Chinese and that of Taiwanese indigenous peoples, with the earliest cuisines known of being the indigenous ones. With over a hundred years of historical development, mainstream Taiwanese cuisine has been influenced by Hakka cuisine, the cuisines of the waishengren (people of other provinces), Japanese cuisine, and American cuisine, with southern Fujian cuisine having had the most profound impact.
Taiwan's cuisine is tied to its history of colonization and modern politics makes the description of Taiwanese cuisine difficult. As Taiwan developed economically fine dining became increasingly popular. Taiwanese cuisine has significant regional variations. (Full article...)Selected ingredient –
A mirepoix (/mɪərˈpwɑː/ meer-PWAH, French: [miʁ.pwa]) is a mixture of diced vegetables cooked with fat (usually butter) for a long time on low heat without coloring or browning. The ingredients are not sautéed or otherwise hard-cooked, because the intention is to sweeten rather than caramelize them. Mirepoix is a long-standing part of French cuisine and is the flavor base for a wide variety of dishes, including stocks, soups, stews, and sauces.
When the mirepoix is not precooked, the constituent vegetables may be cut to a larger size, depending on the overall cooking time for the dish. Usually the vegetable mixture is onions, carrots, and celery (either common 'Pascal' celery or celeriac), with the traditional ratio being 2:1:1—two parts onion, one part carrot, and one part celery. Further cooking, with the addition of tomato purée, creates a darkened brown mixture called pinçage. (Full article...)
Selected recipe –
Vindaloo or Vindalho is an Indian curry dish, originally from Vasai and Goa.
It is based on the Portuguese dish carne de vinha d'alhos. It is known globally in its British Indian form as a staple of curry house and Indian restaurant menus and is often regarded as a fiery, spicy dish. The traditional recipe uses pork, but alternative versions have been prepared with beef, mutton, prawns, chicken, lamb, vegetables and tofu. (Full article...)
Hannah Glasse (née Allgood; March 1708 – 1 September 1770) was an English cookery writer of the 18th century. Her first cookery book, The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy, published in 1747, became the best-selling recipe book that century. It was reprinted within its first year of publication, appeared in 20 editions in the 18th century, and continued to be published until well into the 19th century. She later wrote The Servants' Directory (1760) and The Compleat Confectioner, which was probably published in 1760; neither book was as commercially successful as her first.
Glasse was born in London to a Northumberland landowner and his mistress. After the relationship ended, Glasse was brought up in her father's family. When she was 16 she eloped with a 30-year-old Irish subaltern then on half-pay and lived in Essex, working on the estate of the Earls of Donegall. The couple struggled financially and, with the aim of raising money, Glasse wrote The Art of Cookery. She copied extensively from other cookery books, around a third of the recipes having been published elsewhere. Among her original recipes are the first known curry recipe written in English, as well as three recipes for pilau, an early reference to vanilla in English cuisine, the first recorded use of jelly in trifle, and an early recipe for ice cream. She was also the first to use the term "Yorkshire pudding" in print. (Full article...)Selected image –
Selected biography –
B. 1618 – d. 1678
François Pierre de la Varenne (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃swa pjɛʁ də la vaʁɛn], 1615–1678 in Dijon), Burgundian by birth, was the author of Le Cuisinier françois (1651), one of the most influential cookbooks in early modern French cuisine. La Varenne broke with the traditions that had revolutionised medieval and Renaissance French cookery in the 16th century and early 17th century. (Full article...)
Did you know (auto-generated) –
- ... that New Zealand editor and journalist Madeleine Chapman, known for fashion label exposés and snack food ranking lists, is a champion javelin thrower?
- ... that the reactions to food depicted in the manga series Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma were decided on through free association games?
- ... that the island bronze-naped pigeon is a popular food at bars and parties on São Tomé?
- ... that Phil McGrane used food trucks as his inspiration to increase early voting?
- ... that the Indianapolis Community Food Access Coalition was created to resolve food deserts in the city of Indianapolis?
- ... that the Sonoran blue butterfly uses Dudleya cymosa subsp. pumila as a larval foodplant and hummingbirds feed on its nectar?
More did you know –
Related portals
Food topics
The following are topics relating to food
Categories
Food list articles
- See also: Lists of foods and Category:Lists of drinks
The following are some Food list articles on Wikipedia:
- American cheeses
- Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée cheeses
- Apple cultivars
- Bacon dishes
- Bacon substitutes
- Basil cultivars
- Breads
- Breakfast beverages
- Breakfast cereals
- Breakfast foods
- British cheeses
- Cakes
- Candies
- Cheeses
- Cheese soups
- Christmas dishes (list)
- Cocktails
- Cookies
- Dishes using coconut milk
- Diets
- Doughnut varieties
- Egg dishes
- Fermented soy products
- Food additives
- Food additives (Codex Alimentarius)
- Foods named after people
- French cheeses
- French dishes
- Fried dough foods
- Fruits
- List of hamburgers
- Herbs and spices
- Hors d'oeuvre
- Indian dishes
- Indian snack foods
- Indonesian dishes
- Italian dishes
- Japanese snacks
- Japanese dishes
- Jewish dishes
- Kebabs
- Korean beverages
- Mango cultivars
- Moroccan dishes
- Pasta
- Pastries
- Philippine snack food
- Pies, tarts and flans
- Poppy seed pastries and dishes
- Potato dishes
- Puddings
- Raw fish dishes
- Rice dishes
- Rolled foods
- Sauces
- Seafood
- Seeds
- Sandwiches
- Snack foods
- Soft drinks by country
- Soul foods and dishes
- Soups
- Stews
- Street foods
- Tapas
- Turkish dishes
- Twice-baked foods
- Vegetable oils
- Vegetables
- Vodkas
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- Grilled honeycomb (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Willuconquer (talk · contribs · new pages (4)) started on 2024-06-09, score: 10
- Argo (bar) (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Another Believer (talk · contribs · new pages (57)) started on 2024-06-09, score: 10
- Coa (bar) (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Another Believer (talk · contribs · new pages (57)) started on 2024-06-09, score: 10
- Licorería Limantour (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Another Believer (talk · contribs · new pages (57)) started on 2024-06-09, score: 10
- Katana Kitten (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Another Believer (talk · contribs · new pages (57)) started on 2024-06-09, score: 10
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- Los Danzantes (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Another Believer (talk · contribs · new pages (57)) started on 2024-06-08, score: 10
- Lort cha (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Turaids (talk · contribs · new pages (4)) started on 2024-06-08, score: 10
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- Yua Tamiya (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by TSUBAME98 (talk · contribs · new pages (4)) started on 2024-06-08, score: 10
- Los Danzantes Oaxaca (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Another Believer (talk · contribs · new pages (57)) started on 2024-06-08, score: 10
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- Michael Jordan's Steak House (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Expandinglight5 (talk · contribs · new pages (1)) started on 2024-06-07, score: 30
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- Makohin (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Altenmann (talk · contribs · new pages (161)) started on 2024-06-07, score: 10
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- Sissy Bar (Portland, Oregon) (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Another Believer (talk · contribs · new pages (57)) started on 2024-06-06, score: 10
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- Biggio's (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Another Believer (talk · contribs · new pages (57)) started on 2024-06-05, score: 10
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- The Captive of the Sahara (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Lord Cornwallis (talk · contribs · new pages (60)) started on 2024-06-04, score: 10
- Apple bread (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Heeheemalu (talk · contribs · new pages (13)) started on 2024-06-04, score: 20
- Chiang Yu-An (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by BemrXDD (talk · contribs · new pages (3)) started on 2024-06-03, score: 10
- John Greene (Nurse) (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Sue8183 (talk · contribs · new pages (0)) started on 2024-06-03, score: 40
- Red Boat (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Valereee (talk · contribs · new pages (5)) started on 2024-06-02, score: 10
- Agrosuper (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by FrederickEvans (talk · contribs · new pages (24)) started on 2024-06-02, score: 30
- Fowler Ltd. (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by EssNS (talk · contribs · new pages (26)) started on 2024-06-01, score: 10
- Nilla Wafers (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Voorts (talk · contribs · new pages (41)) started on 2024-05-26, score: 10
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- Warankasi (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Wiisstlo (talk · contribs · new pages (5)) started on 2024-05-26, score: 20
- Brennans Bread (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Gatepainter (talk · contribs · new pages (3)) started on 2024-05-31, score: 20
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- Tanuki (restaurant) (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Another Believer (talk · contribs · new pages (57)) started on 2024-05-30, score: 10
- Ko Myeong-seok (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Explicit (talk · contribs · new pages (7)) started on 2024-05-30, score: 10
- Savanyúság (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Konnor Martin (talk · contribs · new pages (2)) started on 2024-05-29, score: 10
- Laal maas (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by SafariScribe (talk · contribs · new pages (231)) started on 2024-05-29, score: 30
- Furrundu (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by BaduFerreira (talk · contribs · new pages (3)) started on 2024-05-29, score: 50
- Hyman's Seafood (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by DMVHistorian (talk · contribs · new pages (4)) started on 2024-05-28, score: 10
- Pickup Coffee (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Hariboneagle927 (talk · contribs · new pages (25)) started on 2024-05-28, score: 20
- Geoffrey Hawtin (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Chromista (talk · contribs · new pages (1)) started on 2024-05-28, score: 10
- Palani Panchamirtham (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Magentic Manifestations (talk · contribs · new pages (14)) started on 2024-05-27, score: 10
- Erismatopterus (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Kevmin (talk · contribs · new pages (16)) started on 2024-05-27, score: 10
- Saskatoon berry pie (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Reywas92 (talk · contribs · new pages (4)) started on 2024-05-27, score: 30
- Zus Coffee (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Hariboneagle927 (talk · contribs · new pages (25)) started on 2024-05-27, score: 20
- Space Cola Wars (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Artem.G (talk · contribs · new pages (20)) started on 2024-05-27, score: 10
- Conchas de Piedra (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Another Believer (talk · contribs · new pages (57)) started on 2024-05-27, score: 10
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