"The Martians" (Hungarian: "A marslakók") were a group of prominent scientists (mostly, but not exclusively, physicists and mathematicians) of Hungarian Jewish descent who emigrated from Europe to the United States in the early half of the 20th century.[1]
Leo Szilard, who jokingly suggested that Hungary was a front for aliens from Mars, used this term. In an answer to the question of why there is no evidence of intelligent life beyond Earth (called the Fermi paradox) despite the high probability of it existing, Szilárd responded: "They are already here among us – they just call themselves Hungarians." This account is featured in György Marx's book The Voice of the Martians.[2]
Men included in the description
editIndividuals named as members of The Martians group include:
Origin of the name
edit
The original story from György Marx's book The Voice of the Martians:
The universe is vast, containing myriads of stars ... likely to have planets circling around them. ... The simplest living things will multiply, evolve by natural selection and become more complicated till eventually active, thinking creatures will emerge. ... Yearning for fresh worlds ... they should spread out all over the Galaxy. These highly exceptional and talented people could hardly overlook such a beautiful place as our Earth. – "And so," Fermi came to his overwhelming question, "if all this has been happening, they should have arrived here by now, so where are they?" – It was Leo Szilard, a man with an impish sense of humor, who supplied the perfect reply to the Fermi Paradox: "They are among us," he said, "but they call themselves Hungarians."[2]
When the question was put to Edward Teller – who was particularly proud of his monogram, E.T. (abbreviation of extraterrestrial)[2] – he looked worried, and said: "Von Kármán must have been talking."[6]
According to György Marx, the extraterrestrial origin of the Hungarian scientists is proved by the fact that the names of Leó Szilárd, John von Neumann, and Theodore von Kármán cannot be found on the map of Budapest, but craters can be found on the Moon bearing their names:[2] Szilard, Von Neumann, Von Kármán, and a crater on Mars, Von Kármán.[7]
References
edit- ^ von Neumann Whitman, Marina (2012). The Martian's Daughter: A Memoir. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 9780472118427. OCLC 777364334. P. 55
- ^ a b c d Marx, György. "A marslakók legendája" (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on 6 August 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
- ^ Paredes, Norberto (26 January 2020). "Quiénes eran los 'marcianos' húngaros que ayudaron a Estados Unidos a convertirse en una potencia científica". BBC News Mundo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2023-03-22. Retrieved 2021-12-10.
- ^ Maria, Borbély (November 12, 2006). "The Hungarian martians". Nature. 444 (7119): 547–548. Bibcode:2006Natur.444..547M. doi:10.1038/444547a. S2CID 37671802.
- ^ a b "The Martians". Codanec. Archived from the original on 24 April 2023. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
- ^ Macrae, Norman (1992). John von Neumann: The Scientific Genius Who Pioneered the Modern Computer, Game Theory, Nuclear Deterrence, and Much More. Pantheon Press. p. 33. ISBN 0-679-41308-1.
- ^ International Astronomical Union. "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature | Von Kármán". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 21 August 2023. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
Further reading
edit- György Marx (2000). A marslakók érkezése (Arrival of the Martians). Hungary: Akadémiai Kiadó. p. 456. ISBN 963-05-7723-2.
- Hargittai, István (2006). The Martians of Science: Five Physicists Who Changed the Twentieth Century. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 376. ISBN 978-0-19-517845-6.
- Marton, Kati (2006). The Great Escape: Nine Jews Who Fled Hitler and Changed the World. United States: Simon & Schuster. p. 272. ISBN 978-0-74-326115-9.