Moroccan–Spanish conflicts:
- Siege of Mamora (1681)
- Siege of Larache (1689)
- Siege of Melilla (1774–1775)
- Siege of Ceuta (1790–1791)
- Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–1860)
- First Melillan campaign (1893–1894)
- Second Melillan campaign (1909–1910)
- Kert campaign (1911–1912)
- Rif War (1920–1926)
- Ifni War (1957–1958)
- Perejil Island crisis (2002)