Longitudinal callosal fascicles, or Probst bundles, are aberrant bundles of axons that run in a front-back (antero-posterior) direction rather than a left-right direction between the cerebral hemispheres. They are characteristic of patients with agenesis of the corpus callosum and are due to failure of the callosally-projecting neurons (mostly layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons) to extend axons across the midline and therefore form the corpus callosum. The inability of these axons to cross the midline results in anomalous axonal guidance and front-to-back projections within each hemisphere, rather than connecting between the hemispheres in the normal corpus callosum.
These longitudinal callosal fascicles were originally described by Moriz Probst in 1901 by gross anatomical observation.[1] More recently, these anomalies are detected by magnetic resonance imaging[2] or diffusion tensor imaging.[3]
References edit
- ^ Probst, M. (1901), "Über den Bau des vollständig balkenlosen Großhirns", Arch Psychiatr, 34: 709–786, doi:10.1007/bf02680175, S2CID 31771690
- ^ Barkovich, AJ.; Norman, D. (Jul 1988), "Anomalies of the corpus callosum: correlation with further anomalies of the brain.", AJR Am J Roentgenol, 151 (1): 171–9, doi:10.2214/ajr.151.1.171, PMID 3259802, S2CID 15520310
- ^ Lee, SK.; Mori, S.; Kim, DJ.; Kim, SY.; Kim, SY.; Kim, DI. (Jan 2004). "Diffusion tensor MR imaging visualizes the altered hemispheric fiber connection in callosal dysgenesis". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 25 (1): 25–8. PMC 7974170. PMID 14729523.
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