Ivchenko AI-26

AI-26
	Polish-made AI-26V (LIT-3) used to power SM-1 (Mi-1) helicopter, displayed in Finnish Aviation Museum
Type	Radial engine
National origin	Soviet Union
Manufacturer	Ivchenko
First run	1945
Major applications	Mil Mi-1

The Ivchenko AI-26 is a seven-cylinder air-cooled radial engine used in early Soviet helicopters and later used in light utility aircraft.

Design and development

The AI-26 engine was designed by A.G Ivchenko in 1945 with the early designation M-26, later the designation was changed to AI-26. Like the Shvetsov ASh-21 which is basically one bank of cylinders from the Shvetsov ASh-82, the AI-26 was also influenced by the ASh-82. The AI-26 retained the bore, stroke and displacement of the ASh-21 while incorporating new features peculiar to its role. This similarity allowed the AI-26 to use the same production jigs as the ASh-21 and ASh-82 which reduced costs and simplified production.

The engine was envisioned as a helicopter engine, but the early test models lacked the necessary equipment to facilitate this role, such as an auxiliary cooling fan, reduction gears and clutch. The GR suffix means "Gelikopter", or helicopter. Engine testing was completed by early 1946 and by 1947 helicopter testing had begun. In late 1947 the decision to mass-produce the engine was made and production commenced at factory No.478 located in Zaporizhia. Between 1947 and the 1970s some 1,300 AI-26GR's were produced. The AI-26V model was also produced in Poland during the 1960s as the LiT-3 and later as the PZL-3S.

Applications

Specifications (Ivchenko AI-26GR)

General characteristics

Type: 7 cylinder air-cooled radial engine
Bore: 155.5 mm (6.12 in)
Stroke: 155 mm (6.10 in)
Displacement: 20.6 L (1,257 cu in)
Dry weight: 395 kg (871 lb)

Components

Cooling system: Air-cooled

Performance

Power output: 500 hp

References

Kotelnikov, Vladimir (2005). Russian Piston Aero Engines. Crowood Press Ltd. pp. 197–198.