Mary Kingsbury Simkhovitch (September 8, 1867 – November 15, 1951) was an American city planner[1] and social worker.[2]
Mary Melinda Kingsbury Simkhovitch | |
|---|---|
_Shinn.jpg) Simkhovitch and Anne O'Hagan Shinn in 1886 to 1890 | |
| Born | Mary Melinda Kingsbury September 8, 1867 |
| Died | November 15, 1951 (aged 84) |
| Spouse |
Vladimir Gregorievitch Simkhovitch (1874-1959)
(m. 1899) |
| Parent(s) | Laura Davis Holmes (1839-1932) Isaac Franklin Kingsbury (1841-1919) |
Biography
editShe was born in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, to Laura Davis Holmes (1839-1932) and Isaac Franklin Kingsbury (1841-1919). She graduated from Newton High School in 1886 and received her B.A. from Boston University, where she had been a member of Phi Beta Kappa, in 1890. During college she performed volunteer work in a teenage girls' club at Boston's St. Augustine's Episcopal Church, an African American congregation, and at "St. Monica's Home for old colored women." After graduation she taught Latin in the Somerville, Massachusetts High School for two years. In 1894 she started a year of graduate school at Radcliffe College. Two Boston organizations, the Church of the Carpenter, a Christian Socialist church founded by W. D. P. Bliss, and Denison House, a settlement house run by Helena Dudley, had a lasting influence on Simkhovitch.[3] She visited black and immigrant families in Boston’s tenement slums, observed and documented their poverty, and became aware of the power and wealth of the city’s slumlords.[4] In 1895 she attended the University of Berlin on a scholarship from the Women's Educational and Industrial Union. Her mother accompanied her to Europe in the summer of 1895 and stayed in Berlin while school was in session. It was there that Mary met and became engaged to Vladimir Simkhovitch (1874-1959), a Russian student of economics. During the summer of 1896 she and her friend Emily Greene Balch, the future Nobel Peace Prize winner, attended the International Socialist Trade Union Congress in London.[2]
After London she attended Columbia University where she worked with Edwin Robert Anderson Seligman and James Harvey Robinson and boarded with the writer Anne O'Hagan Shinn.[5]
In 1902, she and others founded the Greenwich House, a settlement house in Greenwich Village in New York City.[6] In 1905, she was a member of the Committee of Fourteen that was seeking to reduce prostitution in New York City. In 1931, Simkhovitch was closely involved in the founding of the National Public Housing Conference, serving as its first president.[7]
Death
editShe died on November 15, 1951, in New York City.[8][9]
Archive
editPublications
edit- Simkhovitch, Mary Kingsbury (1917). The City Worker's World in America.
- The Red Festival (1934)
- Simkhovitch, Mary Kingsbury (1938). Neighborhood: My Story of Greenwich House.
- Simkhovitch, Mary Kingsbury; Ogg, Elizabeth (1942). Quicksand: The Way of Life in the Slums.
- Simkhovitch, Mary Kingsbury (1949). Here Is God's Plenty.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Wirka, Susan Marie (1996). Planning the Twentieth-Century American City. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 55–75. ISBN 0-8018-5163-7.
- ^ a b c "Mary Melinda (Kingsbury) Simkhovitch, 1867-1951". Harvard. Retrieved 2015-03-16.
- ^ "Mary Kingsbury Simkhovitch". American National Biography Online.
- ^ Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 595.
- ^ SIMKHOVITCH, MARY KINGSBURY (1938). Neighborhood; my story of Greenwich House. New York, Norton. p. 57.
- ^ "Mrs. Simkhovitch Lauded. Portrait of Greenwich House Founder Is Unveiled". New York Times. May 27, 1937. Retrieved 2008-04-27.
A portrait of Mrs. Mary Kingsbury Simkhovitch, founder and director of the Greenwich House, was unveiled yesterday afternoon at the community center, 27 Barrow Street, in a ceremony held in observance of the thirty-fifth anniversary of the institution.
- ^ Birch, Eugenie Ladner (April 1978). "Woman-Made America The Case of Early Public Housing Policy". Journal of the American Institute of Planners. 44 (2): 130–144. doi:10.1080/01944367808976886. ISSN 0002-8991.
- ^ "Noted Social Worker Dies In New York. Mrs. Mary Simkhovitch, Local Doctor's Sister, Was Settlement Founder". Associated Press in New York Times. November 15, 1951. Archived from the original on May 24, 2011. Retrieved 2008-04-27.
Dr. Mary Kingsbury Simkhovitch, 84, educator and social worker who developed a new approach to settlement work, died today.
- ^ "Died". Time. November 26, 1951. Archived from the original on August 6, 2009. Retrieved 2008-04-27.
Mary Kingsbury Simkhovitch ("Mrs. Sim"), 84, famed Manhattan social worker, agitator for public housing, woman suffrage, federal aid to education, kindergartens; in Greenwich House, the famous settlement she founded 50 years ago. With her Russian-born husband, Columbia Professor Vladimir Simkhovitch, she started out by collecting $3,000 on Manhattan streets, moved into a drafty tenement on Jones Street, then one of the city's sleaziest. Soon she was giving parties for her polyglot neighbors, gradually began giving them milk, baby and dental clinics, a diet kitchen, cooking lessons, public baths, music lessons, a children's theater, room for sport (Gene Tunney learned to box in the Greenwich House basement). A gay, grandmotherly type, Mrs. Sim once said: "I hate to be pictured as a lovely woman doing good. I'm really pretty realistic."
External links
edit- Mary K. Simkhovitch Papers. Schlesinger Library Archived 2012-05-09 at the Wayback Machine, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University.