Littauer and Litauer are German language surnames, meaning "Lithuanian". Notable people with the surname include:
- Florence Littauer (1928–2020), Christian writer and motivational speaker
- Lucius Littauer (1859–1944), politician, businessman, and college football coach
- Mary Aiken Littauer (1912–2005), equestrian
- Vladimir Littauer (1892–1989), horseback riding master