Leopold Hartley Grindon (28 March 1818 – 20 November 1904) was an English educator and botanist, and a pioneer in adult education. His plant collection and botanical drawings and writings formed a major asset of the herbarium at Manchester Museum, when it was founded in 1860.[1]
Early life edit
Leopold Hartley Grindon was born in Bristol on 28 March 1818 and educated at Bristol College. He established the Bristol Philobotanical Society while still at school. He moved to Manchester at the age of 20, spending a year as an apprentice in a warehouse before becoming a cashier for John Whittaker & Company's cotton business until 1864.[2][3]
Botany edit
Grindon, whose father was a solicitor and coroner, showed an early interest in botany and was self-taught in other areas of science, such as astronomy and geology. At the age of 13, he started collecting dried plants and by 18 he envisaged creating a herbarium of all the cultivated and wild plants found in Britain. He grew many specimens from seed and collected writings and drawings, particularly of plants that were difficult to grow or obtain in specimen form.[3] As he put it, "I desired also to introduce every bit of printed matter referring to the plant that might come in my way, with descriptions alike of the individual species and of the Natural Orders, the uses and other particulars also have a place and seeing that Botany is wreathed also with all kinds of poetical and other human associations, everything that would illustrate these was also to go into the Herbarium so-called, which thus to be a Herbarium and a Botanical library fused into one."[3]
In 1860, Grindon and a calico printer, Joseph Sidebotham, founded the Manchester Field-Naturalists' Society.[4] He attended the Mechanics' Institute and was appointed to lecture on botany at the Manchester Royal School of Medicine, while offering private tuition in the subject.[2]
Death edit
Grindon moved to Manchester, living initially in Portland Street, then in Romford Street for 30 years. In 1883 he moved to Cecil Street in Greenheys, where he died aged 87 in 1904.[3]
He married Rosa Elverson, a sympathiser with the feminist movement and lecturer at local institutions such as the Manchester Geographical Society and the Manchester Working Men's Clubs Association.[5] She outlived him and donated a large stained-glass window to Manchester Central Library in his memory. The window, designed by Robert Anning Bell, is above the entrance to the library's Shakespeare Hall.[6]
Publications edit
Among Grindon's publications, many written while still employed as a cashier, are:[3]
- Life, its Nature, Varieties and Phenomena. London: Whittaker & Co. 1856.
- Manchester Walks and Wild Flowers (1858)
- The Manchester Flora. London: William White. 1859.
- British and Garden Botany. London: Routledge, Warne & Routledge. 1864.
- Summer Rambles in Cheshire, Derbyshire, Lancashire, and Yorkshire. Manchester: Palmer & Howe. 1866.
- The Trees of Old England. London: F. Pitman. 1868.
- Echoes in Plant and Flower Life. London: F. Pitman. 1869.
- The Fairfield Orchids (1872)
- The Pathway to Botany. London: F. Pitman. 1872.
- History of the Rhododendron (1876)
- Figurative Language. London: James Spiers. 1879.
- Country Rambles. Manchester: Palmer & Howe. 1882.
- The Shakespeare Flora. Manchester: Palmer & Howe. 1883.
- Fruits and Fruit Trees. Manchester: Palmer & Howe. 1885.
- Lancashire; brief historical and descriptive notes. London: Seely and Co. 1892.
Grindon also contributed to many journals and to the Manchester City News,[3] and wrote works unconnected with botany, such as Manchester Banks and Bankers (1877) and A History of Lancashire (1882).
References edit
- ^ "Plants". Manchester: University of Manchester. Retrieved 18 June 2012.
- ^ a b Kargon, Robert (2009) [1977 – Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press]. Science in Victorian Manchester: Enterprise and Expertise (Reprinted ed.). New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. p. 80. ISBN 978-1-4128-1081-4. Retrieved 18 June 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f Weiss, F. E (31 March 1930). "Leopold Hartley Grindon" (PDF). North Western Naturalist. V: 16–22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 January 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2012.
- ^ Egerton, Frank N. (2003). Hewett Cottrell Watson: Victorian Plant Ecologist and Evolutionist. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-7546-0862-2. Retrieved 19 June 2012.
- ^ Lightman, Bernard V. (2007). Victorian Popularizers of Science: Designing Nature for New Audiences. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-226-48118-0. Retrieved 19 June 2012.
- ^ "History of Central Library: Features of the Building". Manchester: Manchester City Council. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2012.
- ^ International Plant Names Index. Grindon.
Further reading edit
- King, Daniel Q. (April 2007). "A checklist of sources of the botanical illustrations in the Leo Grindon Herbarium, The Manchester Museum". Archives of Natural History. 34. Edinburgh University Press for The Society for the History of Natural History: 129–139. doi:10.3366/anh.2007.34.1.129. ISSN 0260-9541. (subscription required)
- The Manchester Guardian (21 November 1904). "Mr. Leo Grindon". The Manchester Guardian. Manchester. p. 12. ProQuest 474370580. (subscription required)
- Percy, John (1991). "Scientists in humble life; the artisan naturalists of South Lancashire" (PDF). Manchester Region History Review. Manchester: Manchester Metropolitan University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 March 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2012.