Admiral of the Fleet Sir Graham Eden Hamond, 2nd Baronet, GCB, DL (30 December 1779 – 20 December 1862) was a Royal Navy officer. After seeing action as a junior officer at the Glorious First of June and then at the Battle of Toulon, he commanded the fifth-rate HMS Blanche at the Battle of Copenhagen during the French Revolutionary Wars.
Sir Graham Hamond Bt, GCB | |
|---|---|
 A very young Midshipman Graham Hamond, shown on the extreme right of this painting by Mather Brown holding a trumpet, during the action on the Glorious First of June | |
| Born | 30 December 1779 London, Great Britain |
| Died | 20 December 1862 (aged 82) Yarmouth, Isle of Wight |
| Allegiance |  United Kingdom |
| Service |  Royal Navy |
| Years of service | 1785–1838 |
| Rank | Admiral of the Fleet |
| Commands | HMS Echo HMS Champion HMS Lion HMS Blanche HMS Plantagenet HMS Lively HMS Victorious HMS Rivoli HMS Wellesley South America Station |
| Battles / wars | French Revolutionary Wars Napoleonic Wars |
| Awards | Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath |
Hamond became commanding officer of the third-rate HMS Plantagenet and captured the French ships Le Courier de Terre Neuve and L'Atalante in an action during the Napoleonic Wars. He took command of the fifth-rate HMS Lively and took part in the action of 5 October 1804, when three Spanish frigates laden with treasure were captured, and was then given command of the third-rate HMS Victorious and took part in the attack on Flushing during the disastrous Walcheren Campaign.
After a period of leave from the Navy, Hamond became commanding officer of the third-rate HMS Wellesley and conveyed the diplomat Lord Stuart de Rothesay to Brazil to negotiate a commercial treaty with the Emperor Pedro I. Hamond went on to be Commander-in-Chief, South American Station.
Early career
editBorn the only son of Captain Sir Andrew Hamond and Anne Hamond (née Graeme), Hamond joined the Royal Navy in September 1785.[1] He was recorded, as a captain's servant, on the books of the third-rate HMS Irresistible, his father's flagship in his role as Commander-in-Chief, The Nore and, having been promoted to midshipman in 1790, actually served in the third-rate HMS Vanguard, the third-rate HMS Bedford and then the second-rate HMS Duke.[2] In January 1793 he transferred to the fifth-rate HMS Phaeton and assisted in the capture of Le Général Dumourier and her prize St. Iago in an action during the French Revolutionary Wars and received his portion of a large amount of prize money.[2] He then joined the first-rate HMS Queen Charlotte, flagship of Earl Howe in his role as Commander-in-Chief, Channel Squadron, and saw action at the Glorious First of June in June 1794.[2] He served in the fifth-rate HMS Aquilon and the third-rate HMS Zealous before transferring to the first-rate HMS Britannia, flagship of Sir William Hotham in his role as Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet, in June 1795 and seeing action at the Battle of Toulon in July 1795.[2]
Promoted to lieutenant on 19 October 1796, Hamond served in the fifth-rate HMS Aigle in the Mediterranean Squadron in Autumn 1796 and in the fifth-rate HMS Niger in Spring 1797.[2] Promoted to commander on 20 October 1798, he became commanding officer of the sloop HMS Echo and was employed in the blockade of Le Havre and on different occasions took charge of convoys.[2] Promoted to captain on 30 November 1798, he became commanding officer of the sixth-rate HMS Champion and captured the French privateer Anacreon in June 1799.[2] Hamond described Anacreon as "almost a new vessel, sails remarkably fast, is copper-bottomed, and seems fit for His Majesty's Service."[3] He then took part in the Siege of French-held Malta in Spring 1800 before becoming commanding officer of the third-rate HMS Lion later that year.[2] He went on to be commanding officer of the fifth-rate HMS Blanche and took part in the Battle of Copenhagen in April 1801.[2]
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Hamond became commanding officer of the third-rate HMS Plantagenet in February 1803 and captured the French ships Le Courier de Terre Neuve and L'Atalante in an action later that year during the Napoleonic Wars.[4] He took command of the fifth-rate HMS Lively in July 1804 and took part in the action of 5 October 1804 when three Spanish frigates laden with treasure were captured.[5] HMS Lively captured two other treasure ships, the San Miguel and the Santa Gertruyda off Cape St. Vincent and Cape St Maria respectively in December 1804.[4] He went on to engage in a duel with the Spanish ship Glorioso in May 1805 and then to transport British troops to Naples in November 1805.[4] He was then given command of the third-rate HMS Victorious on the Home Station in December 1808 and took part in the attack on Flushing during the disastrous Walcheren Campaign in Summer 1809.[4] He went on to be commanding officer of the third-rate HMS Rivoli in the Mediterranean Squadron in May 1813.[4] He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 4 June 1815[6] and a Deputy Lieutenant of the Isle of Wight on 27 October 1821.[7]
After a period of leave from the Navy, Hamond became commanding officer of the third-rate HMS Wellesley in March 1824 and then conveyed the diplomat Lord Stuart de Rothesay to Brazil to negotiate a commercial treaty with the Emperor Pedro I.[4]
Senior command
edit
Promoted to rear admiral on 27 May 1825,[8] Hamond travelled in the third-rate HMS Spartiate on his new mission to deliver the treaty of separation between Brazil and Portugal to King John VI of Portugal.[4] He inherited his father's baronetcy in September 1828.[4] He was advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 13 September 1831[9] and became Commander-in-Chief, South American Station, with his flag in the third-rate HMS Spartiate, in September 1834.[4] Promoted to vice admiral on 10 January 1837[10] and to full admiral on 22 January 1847[11] he was advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 5 July 1855.[12] He was appointed Rear-Admiral of the United Kingdom on 22 November 1860[13] and Vice-Admiral of the United Kingdom on 5 June 1862[14] before being promoted to Admiral of the Fleet on 10 November 1862.[15]
Hamond died at his home at Norton Lodge near Yarmouth, Isle of Wight on 20 December 1862.[4]
Family
editIn December 1806 Hamond married Elizabeth Kimber; they had three daughters and two sons.[4]
References
edit- ^ Boase, G. C. (2004). "Hamond, Sir Graham Eden". In Morriss, Roger (ed.). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/12166. Retrieved 7 March 2015. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Heathcote, p. 105
- ^ "No. 15153". The London Gazette. 29 June 1799. p. 656.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Heathcote, p. 106
- ^ "No. 15747". The London Gazette. 20 October 1804. pp. 1309–1310.
- ^ "No. 17061". The London Gazette. 16 September 1815. p. 1877.
- ^ "No. 17760". The London Gazette. 3 November 1821. p. 2152.
- ^ "No. 18141". The London Gazette. 28 May 1825. p. 933.
- ^ "No. 18850". The London Gazette. 13 September 1831. p. 1893.
- ^ "No. 19456". The London Gazette. 10 January 1837. p. 70.
- ^ "No. 20695". The London Gazette. 26 January 1847. p. 296.
- ^ "No. 21743". The London Gazette. 10 July 1855. p. 2655.
- ^ "No. 22450". The London Gazette. 23 November 1860. p. 4408.
- ^ "No. 22632". The London Gazette. 6 June 1862. p. 2901.
- ^ "No. 22679". The London Gazette. 10 November 1862. p. 5343.
Sources
edit- Heathcote, Tony (2002). The British Admirals of the Fleet 1734 – 1995. Pen & Sword. ISBN 0-85052-835-6.
External links
edit
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Hamond, Graham Eden". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.- O'Byrne, William Richard (1849). . . John Murray – via Wikisource.
- "Sir Andrew Hamond and Sir Graham Hamond: Correspondence and Papers"; Cambridge University Library (1778–1871)
