Text Appearing Before Image: Fig. 74.—Resulting Stump after the Teal Method. be used to the best advantage, resulting in a very com-fortable stump (see Fig. 74). In the shoulder-joint opera-tions the oval flap (see Fig. 75) gives the best result, 182 RAILWAY SURGERY. and one least likely to become unhealthy. The circularmethod is probably the most rapidly performed, and it Text Appearing After Image: PIG. 75.—Shoulder-joint Amputation. Result from oval-flap method. is usually the best to do, inasmuch as it requires less flapthan others. The manner of doing this is as follows: Everythingbeing ready, a long knife is swept around the extremity atthe point selected, carrying the incision down to the mus-cles. A cuff is now turned back to a distance sufficient THE HOW TO AMPUTATE. 183 to give a covering for the end of the stump (see Frontis-piece). Just how far this should be turned back is a matterof some judgment, and depends upon the elasticity of theskin and the size of the limb. The younger the individualthe more elastic the skin, and as the incision is made, thedegree of retraction noticed therein will be a guide in thismatter. After enough cuff is obtained a circular incision isagain carried at right angles down to the bone, dividingeverything. In the forearm or leg a narrow knife is passedbetween the bones to divide the structures between them.A stout retractor of gauze or mu
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