DescriptionAnubis Chapel, Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, Luxor, LG, EGY (48010637348).jpg
This is the Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut, designed by Senenmut, and located outside of Luxor (site of the ancient Egyptian capital of Thebes) in Upper Egypt. Constructed during the reign of Queen Hatshepsut during the 18th Dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom between 1478 and 1458 BC. The temple complex was dedicated to the god Amun and Hatshepsut, and has three levels, and is aligned so that sunlight reaches the innermost chamber of the complex during the Winter Solstice sunrise each year. The structure is home to Hatshepsut’s burial chamber, a suncourt on the top level, three colonnades, and a chapel dedicated to Anubis, the Egyptian god of death, mummification, and embalming. The structure is considered to be the closest the Ancient Egyptians came to building Classical-style architecture like that of Rome and Greece. The structure contains many intact carvings and painted reliefs within, while the mortuary temple of Mentuhotep II sits in ruins nearby, having served as the inspiration and as a source of materials for the structure. The structure fell into disuse after Hatshepsut’s death in 1458BC, and eventually fell into ruins, with the lowermost level being partially buried by sand and debris that accumulated over almost 3400 years, while the uppermost level’s colonnade collapsed. In 1895, the ruins began to be excavated, and, over the course of about a century, the structure was partially restored by reconstituting the fallen stones and pieces back to their original locations, with the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw being responsible for much of the work.
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