Dagmar Skálová (born Dagmar Šimková, 6 November 1912 – 15 July 2002) was a Czech Scout and a political prisoner. She was born in Plzeň in then what was Austria-Hungary.
Dagmar Skálová | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Dagmar Skálová in 1940 | |
| Born | Dagmar Šimková 6 November 1912 |
| Died | 15 July 2002 (aged 89) |
| Burial place | Plzeň Central Cemetery |
| Organization | Junák |
| Spouse | Karel Skála |
Early life
editDagmar Šimková was born on 6 November 1912 in Plzeň, and christened Dagmar Eleonora Věnceslava.[1] She attended elementary, secondary and high school in Plzeň. In 1934 she started Scouting, where she gained a nickname, Rakša (Raksha), based on the mother wolf from Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book. She subsequently led a Scout troop in the Šipka group in Prague. She practised Scouting together with her husband, Karel Skála, who served as the leader of Scouting in Prague area before 1948.[2]
Background
editScouting in Hungary was banned at the beginning of the second world war.[3] After the communist coup in Czechoslovakia in 1948 she joined the anti-communist resistance. On 17 May 1949 she was arrested in connection with the preparations of the Prokeš coup, in which several Scouts were involved, among others František Falerski, Jiří Řehák, Pavel Holý and Ivan Kieslinger. She was supposed to provide communications and medical care to the rebels, cooperating with Jiří Navrátil, then a leader of the 2nd Prague Water Scout troop. Her husband Karel was involved in the planning of the whole operation.[4][5]
The coup attempt was discovered in May 1949 and the organizers arrested. During the interrogation, Dagmar Skálová attempted to shift all the blame to herself in hopes of averting any death penalties, since no women were sentenced to death until a later trial with Milada Horáková. Dagmar Skálová succeeded, after communicating with other arrested, including using Morse code, in convincing the StB that all the Scouts involved assumed they are only playing a night game organized in the streets of Prague by the local branch of the Czech Scouting organization, Junák. This resulted in the release of most of them.[2] On 8 May 1949 she was sentenced to life imprisonment; Jiří Navrátil was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment alongside her.[6]
She remained in prison until 1965. Even there, she remained active – in 1956 she and a group of other women sent a letter to the UN General Secretary with a protest against human rights violations in Czechoslovakia.[6]
In 1997, she received an Order of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk.[7]
She died in 2002 and is buried at the Plzeň Central Cemetery together with her husband.[8]
References
edit- ^ "Birth and baptism record of Dagmar Šimková". Plzeň parish.
- ^ a b Šantora, Roman; Nosek, Václav; Janov, Slavomil; Dostál, Václav (2012). Skautské století [The Scout Century] (in Czech) (1st ed.). Junák - svaz skautů a skautek ČR, Tiskové a distribuční centrum. ISBN 978-80-86825-72-4.
- ^ BAUER, Zdeněk a kol. (2018). Klub zvídavých dětí • Jaroslav Foglar a Protektorát [Club of inquisitive children • Jaroslav Foglar and the Protectorate] (in Czech). Prague: NZB. pp. 61–74. ISBN 978-80-906755-6-8.
- ^ "Před 70 lety zkusili svrhnout komunisty. Od pomsty uchránila skauty odvážná vedoucí" [They tried to overthrow the communists 70 years ago. A courageous leader saved the scouts from revenge]. Aktuálně.cz (in Czech). Economia. 17 May 2019. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
- ^ "Zapomenuté portréty – Dagmar Skálová" [Forgotten portraits - Dagmar Skálová]. Český rozhlas (in Czech). 2012. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016.
- ^ a b "Skauti si v Plzni připomenou 60. výročí odsouzení hrdinky" [Scouts will commemorate the 60th anniversary of the conviction of the heroine in Pilsen]. adam.cz (in Czech). 6 August 2009. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
- ^ "Seznam vyznamenaných" [List of honorees]. hrad.cz (in Czech).
- ^ "Skauti si připomněli výročí odsouzení Rakši]". Plzeňský deník (in Czech). Retrieved 8 October 2009.
External links
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