Dogs for Defense was a World War II US military program in which the military asked pet owners to donate their pet dogs to the war effort. The dogs were trained and used for guard and patrol duties. To encourage donations, the dogs were deprogrammed and returned after the war.
History edit
Prior to World War II, the US military did not have a formal canine corp and owned fewer than a hundred dogs (mostly sled dogs in Alaska). After Pearl Harbor, a woman named Alene Erlanger pushed for the US military to begin using dogs.[1]
The Dogs for Defense program was the idea of Harry I. Caesar, a New York businessman and president of the American Kennel Club.[2] He noted that dogs had senses of smell, hearing, and vision that were superior to humans and that canines had long been used by armies.[2] He outlined a program that called for at least 125,000 of the nation's pet dogs to be trained and deployed for both civilian defense and military guard duty.[2] An intake center was established in Newton, Massachusetts and a training center was set up on the Karlstein polo grounds[a] in Dedham, Massachusetts.[2]
By 1942, there were regional centers set up for the intake and training of dogs.[2] Originally, dogs were required to be well behavied purebreds between one and five years old.[2] They also had to be at least 50 pounds and stand 18 inches tall.[2] In time, mixed breeds were accepted as the need grew, although chow chows were found to be unreliable.[2]
Many were sent home for being too friendly, but those who passed the training program were assigned to military installations both in the United States and in combat zones abroad.[2]
Notes edit
- ^ Near the current day Rashi School.[2]
References edit
Additional references edit
- Waller, Anna M. (1958). Dogs and National Defense. Department of the Army.
- Blumenstock, Kathy (2011-11-09). "World War II's Dogs for Defense". www.petmd.com. Retrieved 2020-09-03.
- Kelly, Kate (2011-08-03). "The Government Asked for Pets for Defense in the 1940s". HuffPost. Retrieved 2020-09-03.
- Sabol, Joseph M. "Dogs for defense". Dogs Gone Good. Retrieved 2020-09-03.