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== Overview ==
Overview includes:
* '''[[Pipe organ]]s''', which use air moving through [[Organ pipe|pipes]] to produce sounds. The air is supplied by bellows, an electric motor or water ([[
* '''Non-piped organs''', which include:
** '''[[pump organ]]s''', also known as reed organs or harmoniums, <!-- {{Disputed|ACCORDION IS NOT AN ORGAN!|date=March 2012}} : and [[accordion]] ([[squeezebox]]) --> which like the [[accordion]] and [[mouth organ]]s (both Eastern and Western), notably the [[harmonica]], use air to excite [[Free reed aerophone|free reeds]];
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The [[pipe organ]] is the largest [[musical instrument]]. These instruments vary greatly in size, ranging from a
The pipes are divided into ranks and controlled by the use of [[Organ stop|hand stops]] and [[combination action|combination pistons]]. Although the keyboard is not [[keyboard expression|expressive]] as on a piano and does not affect [[Dynamics (music)|dynamics]] (it is binary; pressing a key only turns the sound on or off), some divisions may be enclosed in a [[swell box]], allowing the dynamics to be controlled by shutters. Some organs are totally enclosed, meaning that all the divisions can be controlled by one set of shutters. Some special registers with free reed pipes are expressive.
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It has existed in its current form since the 14th century, though similar designs were common in the [[Eastern Mediterranean]] from the early [[Byzantine]] period (from the 4th century AD) and precursors, such as the [[Water organ|hydraulic organ]], have been found dating to the late [[Hellenistic period]] (1st century BC). Along with the [[clock]], it was considered one of the most complex human-made mechanical creations before the [[Industrial Revolution]]. Pipe organs range in size from a single short keyboard to huge instruments with over 10,000 [[organ pipe|pipe]]s. A large modern organ typically has three or four keyboards ([[Manual (music)|manuals]]) with five octaves (61 notes) each, and a two-and-a-half octave (32-note) [[Pedal keyboard|pedal board]].
[[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] called the organ the "King of instruments".<ref>[http://ncregister.com/site/article/4552 ''The King of Instruments''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090515201615/http://www.ncregister.com/site/article/4552 |date=2009-05-15 }} - [[National Catholic Register]]</ref> Some of the biggest instruments have 64-foot pipes (a foot here means "sonic-foot", a measure quite close to the English measurement unit) {{Citation needed|date=July 2019|reason=Google “sonic-foot” or any iteration of that and you’ll see why}} and it sounds to an 8 [[Hertz|Hz]] frequency
=== Church ===
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;Other analogue electronic
[[file:Voxcontinental.jpg|thumb|A [[Vox Continental]] combo organ.]]
[[Frequency divider organ]]s used [[oscillator]]s instead of mechanical parts to make sound. These were even cheaper and more portable than the Hammond. They featured an ability to bend
From the 1940s up until the 1970s, small organs were sold that simplified traditional organ stops. These instruments can be considered the predecessor to modern portable [[Musical Keyboard|keyboards]], as they included one-touch chords, rhythm and accompaniment devices, and other electronically assisted gadgets. [[Lowrey organ|Lowrey]] was the leading manufacturer of this type of organs in the smaller (spinet) instruments.
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