Olof Mårtensson (1557 – 17 March 1609) also known by the Latin form Olaus Martini, was Archbishop of Uppsala from 1601 to his death.

The Most Reverend

Olaus Martini
Archbishop of Uppsala
Primate of Sweden
ChurchChurch of Sweden
ArchdioceseUppsala
Appointed1601
In office1601–1609
PredecessorNicolaus Olai Bothniensis
SuccessorPetrus Kenicius
Orders
Consecration16 August 1601
by Petrus Kenicius
RankMetropolitan Archbishop
Personal details
Born1557
Died17 March 1609
Uppsala, Sweden
NationalitySwede
ParentsMartinus Olai Gestricius
Kristina Månsdotter

Born in Uppsala, Sweden, he first enrolled in the University of Uppsala, but when it was temporarily closed in 1578 he travelled abroad. In 1583 he received his master's degree at the University of Rostock[1] and then travelled home again.

On returning, he made a reputation for himself when he criticized the liturgy of Swedish King John III, who held somewhat Catholic beliefs despite Sweden having been Lutheran since 1531.

The king's brother Duke Charles, who later became King Charles IX, promoted Olaus to Archbishop of Uppsala in 1601. Despite his support, Martini was fundamentally in opposition to the beliefs of duke Charles, a conflict which eventually led to disputes between the two. Martini was an orthodox Lutheran, while Duke Charles is believed to have been inclined towards Calvinistic tenets—which he himself denied (see: crypto-Calvinism).

In 1606 Martini had a text published which was sharply polemising against Catholic and Calvinistic tenets.

Although he was in opposition to the king and the duke, he was considered a hard-working and trustworthy man by the University of Uppsala and by his communion.

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