This list of the prehistoric life of South Dakota contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of South Dakota.
Precambrian edit
The Paleobiology Database records no known occurrences of Precambrian fossils in Alabama.
Paleozoic edit
- †Acrotreta
- †Agnostogonus
- †Agnostogonus incognitus – or unidentified comparable form
Assemblage of fossils of the Cambrian trilobite Agnostus - †Amiaspis
- †Ankoura
- †Aphelaspis
- †Arapahoia
- †Arcifimbria
- †Arcifimbrin
- †Arcuolimbus
- †Billingsella
- †Blountia
- †Blountiella
- †Briscoia
- †Briscoia angustilimba – or unidentified comparable form
- †Briscoia dalyi
- †Bynumia
- †Bynumina
- †Camaraspis
Life restoration of the Carboniferous Chimaera relative Caseodus - †Caseodus eatoni – or unidentified related form
- †Cedaria
- †Cedarina
- †Cheilocephalus
- †Cladodus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Clelandia
- †Coosella
- †Coosia
- †Coosina
- †Crepicephalus
- †Cyrtogomphoceras
- †Dartonaspis
- †Deadwoodia
- †Dicellomus
- †Diestoceras
- †Dikelocephalus
- †Dresbachia
Life restoration of the Late Devonian-Carboniferous Chimaera relative Edestus - †Ellipsocephaloides
- †Endoceras
- †Eoorthis
- †Ephippiorthoceras
- †Glaphyraspis
- †Hadragnostus
- †Hardyoides
- †Holmesella
- †Homagnostus
Fossilized shells of the Cambrian-Permian brachiopod relative Hyolitha - †Hysteropleura
- †Idahoia
- †Idiomesus
- †Illaenurus
Restoration of the Carboniferous-Permian ray-like cartilaginous fish Janassa (top and left) - †Kingstonia
- †Komaspidella
- †Kormagnostus
- †Lambeoceras – tentative report
- †Lingulella
- †Lingulepis
- †Linnarssonella
Restoration of the Carboniferous-Early Triassic cartilaginous fish Listracanthus - †Litagnostus
- †Llanoaspis
- †Meniscocorypphe
- †Menomonia
- †Meteoraspis
- †Modocia
- †Monocheilus
- †Nahannagnostus
- †Parabolinoides
- †Pemphigaspis
- †Petrodus
- †Plethopeltis
- †Prosaukia
- †Pseudagnostus
- †Ptchaspis
- †Ptychaspis
- †Ptychopleurites
- †Pugionicauda
- †Rasettia
- †Saukiella
- †Spyroceras
- †Syspacheilus
- †Taenicephalus
- †Terranovella
Fossil of the Cambrian trilobite Tricrepicephalus - †Tripteroceras
- †Uncaspis
- †Welleraspis
- †Welleraspis group#1 – informal
- †Welleraspis group#2 – informal
- †Westonoceras
- †Wilsonoceras
- †Winnipegoceras
Mesozoic edit
Selected Mesozoic taxa of South Dakota edit
- Acipenser – or unidentified comparable form
- †Actinocamax
- †Adocus
- †Agerostrea
Restoration of the Late Jurassic theropod dinosaur Allosaurus - †Alphadon
- †Anatotitan
- †Anomia
- †Anzu – type locality for genus
- †Anzu wyliei – type locality for species
- †Apatosaurus
- †Araucarioxylon
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous sea turtle Archelon - †Archelon ischyros – type locality for species
- †Artocarpus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- Aspideretes
- †Asplenium
- †Baculites
- †Bananogmius
- †Baptornis
- †Baptornis varneri – type locality for species
Restoration of the Late Jurassic sauropod dinosaur Barosaurus rearing to defend itself against a pair of the theropod Allosaurus - †Barosaurus lentus – type locality for species
- †Basilemys
- †Belemnitella
- Beryx – or unidentified related form
- †Bolodon
- †Bolodon hydei – type locality for species
- †Borealosuchus
- Brachidontes
- †Brachychampsa
- †Brodavis
- †Brodavis baileyi – type locality for species
- †Caenagnathus
- †Calycoceras
- †Calycoceras boreale – type locality for species
- †Calycoceras dromense – or unidentified comparable form
Life restoration of a herd of the Late Jurassic sauropod dinosaur Camarasaurus - Campeloma
- †Caturus
- †Champsosaurus
- †Cimexomys
- †Cimolodon
- †Cimolomys
- †Claosaurus
- †Claosaurus affinis – type locality for species
- †Clidastes
- †Cocculus
Fossilized shell of the Late Cretaceous ammonoid Collignoniceras - †Collignoniceras collisniger – type locality for species
- †Collignoniceras jorgenseni – type locality for species
- †Collignoniceras percarinatum
- †Collignoniceras praecox
- †Collignoniceras vermilionense
- †Collignoniceras woolgari
- †Collignoniceras woollgari
- †Compsemys
- Corbula
- †Corbulamella
- †Crenella
- †Cretolamna
- †Cteniogenys
- Cucullaea
- †Cuspidaria
Fossil of the Jurassic-Cretaceous cycad relative Cycadeoidea - †Cycadeoidea aspera – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea cicatricula – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea colei – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea colossalis – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea dacotensis
- †Cycadeoidea excelsa – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea formosa – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea furcata – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea ingens – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea insolita – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea jenneyana
- †Cycadeoidea Jenneyana
- †Cycadeoidea marshiana – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea mcbridei – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea McBridei – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea minnekahtensis – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea nana – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea occidentalis – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea paynei – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea pulcherrima – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea stillwelli – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea turrita – type locality for species
- †Cycadeoidea Wellsii – type locality for species
- †Dakotadon
- †Dakotaraptor – type locality for genus
- †Dakotaraptor steini – type locality for species
- †Desmatochelys
- †Didelphodon
- †Diplodocus
- †Discoscaphites
- †Discoscaphites conradi
- †Discoscaphites gulosus
- †Discoscaphites rossi – type locality for species
- †Dolichorhynchops
- †Edmontonia
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous duck-billed dinosaur Edmontosaurus annectens - †Elasmosaurus
- †Elasmosaurus intermedius – type locality for species
- †Enchodus
- †Eubostrychoceras
- †Eucalycoceras
- †Eutrephoceras
- †Geosternbergia
- †Geosternbergia maiseyi – type locality for species
- Gleichenia
- †Globidens
- †Globidens alabamensis
- †Globidens dakotensis – type locality for species
- †Globidens schurmanni – type locality for species
- †Glyptops
- Glyptostrobus
- †Gorgosaurus
- †Hainosaurus
- †Hamites
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous toothed bird Hesperornis - †Hesperornis regalis – or unidentified comparable form
- Hiatella – tentative report
- †Hoplitosaurus
- †Hoplitosaurus marshi – type locality for species
- †Hoploparia
- †Hoploscaphites
- †Hoploscaphites comprimus
- †Hoploscaphites melloi – type locality for species
- †Hoploscaphites nicolletii
- †Hulettia
- †Hypsilophodon
- †Hypsilophodon wielandi – type locality for species
- †Ichthyodectes
Fossilized shell of the Early Jurassic-Late Cretaceous marine bivalve Inoceramus with a human indicating its size - †Inoceramus apicalis
- †Inoceramus ginterensis
- †Inoceramus tenuis – or unidentified related form
- †Inoceramus tenuistriatus – tentative report
- †Ischyodus
- Isurus
- †Jeletzkytes
- †Jeletzkytes dorfi
- †Jeletzkytes nebrascensis
- †Jeletzkytes spedeni – type locality for species
- Lamna
Fossilized skull of the Late Cretaceous alligator relative Leidyosuchus - †Lemnaceae
- †Lepidotes – tentative report
- Lepisosteus
- †Leptalestes
- †Lucina – tentative report
- †Martinectes
- †Melvius
- †Meniscoessus
- †Mesodma
- †Modiolus
Life restoration of two of the Late Cretaceous Mosasaurus - †Mosasaurus missouriensis – type locality for species
- †Myledaphus
- †Nelumbo
- †Neocardioceras
- †Neocardioceras transiens – type locality for species
- Nucula
- †Ophiomorpha
- †Ornithomimus
- †Osmakasaurus
- †Osmakasaurus depressus – type locality for species
- Ostrea
- †Otoscaphites
- †Oxytoma
Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous dome-headed dinosaur Pachycephalosaurus - †Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis – type locality for species
- †Pachyrhizodus
- †Pahasapasaurus – type locality for genus
- †Pahasapasaurus haasi – type locality for species
- †Palmoxylon
- Panopea
- †Paronychodon
- Pholadomya
- †Pistia – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- †Placenticeras
- Platanus
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous mosasaur Platecarpus - †Platecarpus somenensis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Platecarpus tympaniticus
- †Plesiobaena
- †Plioplatecarpus
- †Plioplatecarpus primaevus – type locality for species
- †Prognathodon
- †Prognathodon overtoni – type locality for species
- †Proplacenticeras
- †Protocardia
- †Protosphyraena
- †Protostega
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous pterosaur Pteranodon - †Ptychodus
- Quercus
- †Rhamnus
- †Richardoestesia
- Sassafras
- †Scaphites
- †Sequoia
- Solemya
- Sphaerium
- †Sphenobaiera
- †Sphenodiscus
- †Sphenodiscus beecheri – tentative report
- †Sphenodiscus lobatus
- †Sphenodiscus pleurisepta
- Squalicorax
- Squalus
Animated life restoration of the Late Cretaceous plesiosaur Styxosaurus - †Styxosaurus browni
- †Styxosaurus snowii – type locality for species
- †Tatankaceratops – type locality for genus
- †Tatankaceratops sacrisonorum – type locality for species
- Taxodium
- †Thescelosaurus
- †Thespesius – type locality for genus
- †Thespesius occidentalis – type locality for species
- †Torosaurus
- †Toxochelys
- †Trachodon
- †Tragodesmoceras
- †Triceratops
- †Tylosaurus
Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous tyrannosaur Tyrannosaurus - Viviparus
- †Yezoites
- Yoldia
- Ziziphus
Cenozoic edit
Selected Cenozoic taxa of South Dakota edit
- †Aelurodon
- †Aepycamelus
- †Agnotocastor
- †Agriochoerus
- Alligator
- †Alligator prenasalis – type locality for species
- †Ambystoma
Life restoration of the Miocene elephant relative Amebelodon. Margret Flinsch (1932). - †Ampelopsis
- †Amphechinus
- †Anchitherium
- Antilocapra
- Apalone
- †Aphelops
- †Archaeocyon
- †Archaeohippus
- †Archaeotherium
- †Arctodus
- †Arctonasua
- Azolla
- †Barbourofelis
- †Bathornis
- Bison
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene Bison latifrons, or long-horned bison
- Blarina
- †Blarina carolinensis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Bothriodon
- †Brachypsalis
- †Brachyrhynchocyon
- †Brontops
- Bufo
- Buteo
- †Calippus
- †Camelops
- Canis
Modern mounted skeleton of Canis lupus, the grey wolf, to scale with a fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene wolf Canis dirus, or dire wolf - †Canis latrans
- †Canis lupus
- †Carpocyon
- Castor
- †Castor canadensis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Catostomus
- Celtis
- Cercidiphyllum
- Charina
- Chrysemys
- Cnemidophorus
- †Colodon
- †Cormocyon
- †Cormohipparion
Fossilized skull of the Miocene pronghorn Cosoryx - †Cranioceras
- Crotalus
- †Cynarctoides
- †Cynarctus
- †Cynodesmus
- Cynomys
- †Daphoenus
- †Desmatippus
- †Desmatochoerus
- †Desmocyon
- †Diceratherium
Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene false saber-toothed cat Dinictis. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). - †Dinohyus
- †Dipoides
- †Domnina
- †Duchesnehippus
- †Duchesneodus
- †Ectopocynus
- †Ekgmowechashala
- †Ekgmowechashala philotau – type locality for species
- Elaphe
- †Elomeryx
- †Enhydrocyon
- †Entelodon
- †Eopelobates
- †Epicyon
- Equus
- †Equus francisci
- †Equus giganteus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Etheostoma
Life restoration of the Miocene elephant relative Eubelodon - †Eucastor
- †Eucommia
- Eumeces
- †Eusmilus
- Ficus
- Geomys
- †Gigantocamelus
- Glyptostrobus
- †Gomphotherium
- Graptemys
Fossilized lower jaw of the Miocene-Pleistocene llama relative Hemiauchenia - †Hemicyon
- †Herpetotherium
- †Hesperocyon
- †Hesperotestudo
- Heterodon
- †Heteromeryx
- †Hipparion
- †Hippotherium
- †Homotherium – or unidentified comparable form
- †Hoplophoneus
Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene creodont mammal Hyaenodon - †Hyaenodon crucians
- †Hyaenodon horridus
- †Hyaenodon montanus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Hyaenodon mustelinus – type locality for species
- Hyla
- †Hypertragulus
- †Hypisodus
- †Hypohippus
- †Hypolagus
- †Hyporhina – type locality for genus
- †Hyporhina antiqua – type locality for species
- †Hyracodon
- Ictalurus
- †Ischyrocyon
- †Ischyromys
- †Lambdoceras
- Lampropeltis
- Lepisosteus
- Lepomis
- †Leptauchenia
- †Leptictis
Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Oligocene-Miocene dog Leptocyon - †Leptomeryx
- Lepus
- †Lepus americanus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Longirostromeryx
- †Macrorhineura – type locality for genus
- †Macrorhineura skinneri – type locality for species
- †Mammacyon
- †Mammuthus
Life restoration of a herd of Mammuthus columbi, or Columbian mammoths. The extent of the fur depicted is hypothetical. Charles R. Knight (1909).
- Martes
- †Megacerops
- †Megachoerus – tentative report
- †Megaleptictis
- †Megalictis
- †Megalictis ferox – type locality for species
- †Megalonyx
- †Megapaloelodus – type locality for genus
- †Menoceras
- †Menops
- †Merychippus
Restoration of a herd of the Eocene-Miocene oreodont mammal Merychyus - †Merycochoerus
- †Merycodus
- †Merycoides
- †Merycoidodon
- †Mesocyon
- †Mesohippus
- †Mesoreodon
- †Metamynodon
- †Michenia
- Microtus
- †Miniochoerus
- †Miohippus
- †Monosaulax
- †Moropus
- Mustela
- †Mylagaulus
- †Nannippus
- †Nanotragulus
- †Neohipparion – type locality for genus
- Neotoma
- Nerodia
- †Nexuotapirus
- †Niglarodon
- †Nimravus
- Notophthalmus
- †Nototamias
- †Notropis
- †Noturus – tentative report
- Ondatra
- Onychomys
- †Oreodontoides
- Ortalis
- †Osbornodon
- †Otarocyon
- †Oxetocyon
- †Oxydactylus
Spiral-shaped fossilized burrow and associated skeleton of the Oligocene-Miocene beaver Palaeocastor - †Palaeogale
- †Palaeolagus
- †Paracrax
- †Paradaphoenus
- †Paraenhydrocyon
- †Parahippus
- †Paramys
- †Paratomarctus
- †Paratylopus
- †Parictis
- †Peltosaurus
- †Peraceras
- Perognathus
- Peromyscus
- †Philotrox
- †Phlaocyon
- Phrynosoma
- †Planera
- †Platygonus
- †Pliauchenia
- †Pliohippus
Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene camel Poebrotherium - †Pogonodon
- †Procamelus
- †Procastoroides
- †Promartes
- †Promerycochoerus
- †Proscalops
- †Protapirus
- †Proterix
- †Protoceras
- †Protohippus
- †Protolabis
- Pseudacris
Restoration of the Miocene cat Pseudaelurus - †Pseudhipparion
- †Pseudoprotoceras
- Querquedula
- †Rana
- Reithrodontomys
- Rhineura
- Salvadora
- Scaphiopus
- †Sespia
- Sorex
- Spea
- Spermophilus
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene elephant relative Stegomastodon - †Steneofiber
- Strix
- †Stylemys
- †Subhyracodon
- †Sunkahetanka
- Sylvilagus
- Tapirus
Restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene rhinoceros Teleoceras - Thamnophis
- Thomomys
- †Titanotylopus
- †Trigenicus
- †Trigonias
- Tympanuchus
- †Ursavus
- †Ustatochoerus
- Zapus
- Zelkova
References edit
- Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database". Retrieved 17 December 2021.