Equestrian at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Individual jumping

The individual jumping in equestrian at the 2012 Olympic Games in London was held at Greenwich Park from 4 to 8 August.[1][2] Like all other equestrian events, the jumping competition was mixed gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division. There were 75 competitors from 26 nations.[3] The event was won by Steve Guerdat of Switzerland, the nation's first victory in individual jumping since 1924 and second overall (tying the United States for fourth-most). Gerco Schroder of the Netherlands took silver. Cian O'Connor of Ireland, who had been stripped of a gold medal in the event in 2004, earned bronze—Ireland's first medal in the event.

Individual jumping
at the Games of the XXX Olympiad
A competitor (Lisen Bratt) making a jump
VenueGreenwich Park
Dates4–8 August
Competitors75 from 26 nations
Winning total0 faults
Medalists
1st place, gold medalist(s) Steve Guerdat
 Switzerland
2nd place, silver medalist(s) Gerco Schroder
 Netherlands
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Cian O'Connor
 Ireland
← 2008
2016 →

Background edit

This was the 24th appearance of the event, which had first been held at the 1900 Summer Olympics and has been held at every Summer Olympics at which equestrian sports have been featured (that is, excluding 1896, 1904, and 1908). It is the oldest event on the current programme, the only one that was held in 1900.[3]

Nine of the top 14 riders (including ties for 9th place) from the 2008 Games returned: gold medalist Eric Lamaze of Canada, silver medalist (and 2004 fourth-place finisher) Rolf-Göran Bengtsson of Sweden, bronze medalist Beezie Madden of the United States, fourth-place finisher Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum of Germany, fifth-place finisher McLain Ward of the United States, seventh-place finisher Marc Houtzager of the Netherlands, and ninth-place finishers Steve Guerdat of Switzerland, Edwina Alexander of Australia, and Jos Lansink of Belgium. Also returning were Cian O'Connor of Ireland, who had taken gold in 2004 until being stripped of it due to a doping violation, and Rodrigo Pessoa of Brazil, the beneficiary of that disqualification in taking gold in 2004 who had himself had a fifth-place finish in 2008 wiped out by a doping violation. The reigning World Champion was Philippe Le Jeune of Belgium; Lansink (2006) and Pessoa (1998) were also former World Champions. The #1-ranked rider, and European champion, was Bengtsson; he was a favorite along with Pius Schwizer and Steve Guerdat of Switzerland and Nick Skelton of Great Britain.[3]

Syria made its debut in the event. France and the United States both competed for the 21st time, tied for most of any nation.

Qualification edit

Each National Olympic Committee (NOC) could qualify up to 4 horse and rider pairs; there were a total of 75 quota places. Each of the 15 nations qualified for the team jumping could enter 4 pairs in the individual event. The qualified teams were:

  • Host Great Britain
  • 5 teams from the World Equestrian Games: Germany, France, Belgium, Brazil, and Canada
  • 3 teams from the European Jumping Championship: the Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzerland
  • 3 teams from the Pan American Games: the United States, Mexico, and Chile
  • 1 team from the World Games from regional groups C or G: Australia
  • 1 team from the qualification event for groups C or G: Ukraine
  • 1 team from the World Games and the qualification event from group F: Saudi Arabia

There were also 15 individual qualification places, with NOCs not earning team spots able to earn up to 2 individual spots. All of these places were assigned by regional groups:

  • Groups A and B had three spots, assigned through rankings
  • Group C had two spots, assigned through rankings
  • Group D had one spot and Group E had 4 spots, assigned through the Pan American Games
  • Group F had three spots, two assigned through the World Games and one through a qualification event
  • Group G had two spots, one assigned through the World Games and one through a qualification event

Competition format edit

Five rounds of jumping were conducted, in two stages. The first three rounds made up the qualifications, with cuts between each round. The top 60 advanced to the second round; the top 45 advanced to the third round. The second and third rounds were also used for the team jumping event. Following the qualifications, the top 35 pairs moved on to the final round. Only the top 20 pairs advanced to the second of the two final rounds. Final rankings were based on the sum of scores from both rounds of the final stage. A jump-off would be held to break a tie for any of the medal positions.[4][3]

Schedule edit

All times are British Summer Time (UTC+1)

Date Time Round
Saturday, 4 August 2012 10:30 Qualification round 1
Sunday, 5 August 2012 11:00 Qualification round 2
Monday, 6 August 2012 14:00 Qualification round 3
Wednesday, 8 August 2012 12:00
16:00
Final round A
Final round B

Results edit

Qualifying round edit

Round 1 edit

The first qualifying round was run on a relatively easy course with a length of 510 m and an allowed time of 1:22.

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Notes
Jump Time Total
1 Jur Vrieling   Netherlands Bubalu 0 0 0 Q
Alvaro Alfonso de Miranda Neto   Brazil Rahmannshof's Bogen 0 0 0 Q
Nick Skelton   Great Britain Big Star 0 0 0 Q
Simon Delestre   France Napoli du Ry 0 0 0 Q
Cassio Rivetti   Ukraine Temple Road 0 0 0 Q
Jens Fredricson   Sweden Lunatic 0 0 0 Q
Daniel Bluman   Colombia Sancha La Silla 0 0 0 Q
Steve Guerdat   Switzerland Nino des Buissonets 0 0 0 Q
McLain Ward   United States Antares 0 0 0 Q
Philippe Le Jeune   Belgium Vigo d’Arsouilles 0 0 0 Q
Maikel Van Der Vleuten   Netherlands Verdi 0 0 0 Q
Abdullah bin Mutaib Al Saud   Saudi Arabia Davos 0 0 0 Q
Ben Maher   Great Britain Tripple X 0 0 0 Q
Janne Friederike Meyer   Germany Lambrasco 0 0 0 Q
Alberto Michan Halbinger   Mexico Rosalia La Silla 0 0 0 Q
Paul Estermann   Switzerland Castlefield Eclipse 0 0 0 Q
Julia Hargreaves   Australia Vedor 0 0 0 Q
Marc Houtzager   Netherlands Tamino 0 0 0 Q
José Roberto Fernández Filho   Brazil Maestro St Lois 0 0 0 Q
Eric Lamaze   Canada Derly Chin de Muze 0 0 0 Q
Kevin Staut   France Silvana 0 0 0 Q
Henrik von Eckermann   Sweden Allerdings 0 0 0 Q
Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum   Germany Bella Donna 0 0 0 Q
Werner Muff   Switzerland Kiamon 0 0 0 Q
Edwina Tops-Alexander   Australia Itot du Chateau 0 0 0 Q
Rich Fellers   United States Flexible 0 0 0 Q
Dirk Demeersman   Belgium Bufero van Het Panishof 0 0 0 Q
Gerco Schroder   Netherlands London 0 0 0 Q
Taizo Sugitani   Japan Avenzio 0 0 0 Q
Rolf-Göran Bengtsson   Sweden Casall 0 0 0 Q
Cian O'Connor   Ireland Blue Loyd 12 0 0 0 Q
Jos Lansink   Belgium Valentina Van 't Heike 0 0 0 Q
33 Kamal Bahamdan   Saudi Arabia Delphi 0 1 1 Q
Marcus Ehning   Germany Plot Blue 0 1 1 Q
Jillian Terceira   Bermuda Bernadien van Westuur 0 1 1 Q
Pénélope Leprevost   France Mylord Carthago 0 1 1 Q
Rodrigo Díaz   Colombia Royal Vinckenburg 0 1 1 Q
Reed Kessler   United States Cylana 0 1 1 Q
Ahmad Saber Hamcho   Syria Wonderboy 0 1 1 Q
Rodrigo Pessoa   Brazil Rebozo 0 1 1 Q
41 Ramzy Al Duhami   Saudi Arabia Bayard van de Villa There 0 2 2 Q
42 Nicolas Pizarro   Mexico Crossing Jordan 4 0 4 Q
Grégory Wathelet   Belgium Cadjanne Z 4 0 4 Q
Billy Twomey   Ireland Tinka’s Serenade 4 0 4 Q
Scott Brash   Great Britain Hello Sanctos 4 0 4 Q
Bjorn Nagel   Ukraine Niack de l’Abbaye 4 0 4 Q
Ian Millar   Canada Star Power 4 0 4 Q
Jose Maria Larocca   Argentina Royal Power 4 0 4 Q
Olivier Guillon   France Lord de Theize 4 0 4 Q
Katharina Offel   Ukraine Vivant 4 0 4 Q
Carlos Milthaler   Chile Hyo Altanero 4 0 4 Q
James Paterson-Robinson   Australia Lanosso 4 0 4 Q
53 Jill Henselwood   Canada George 4 1 5 Q
Jamal Rahimov   Azerbaijan Warrior 4 1 5 Q
Karim El Zoghby   Egypt Wervel Wind 4 1 5 Q
Rodrigo Carrasco   Chile Or de la Charboniere 4 1 5 Q
Federico Fernandez   Mexico Victoria 4 1 5 Q
58 Tomás Couve   Chile Underwraps 4 2 6 Q
Abdullah Waleed Sharbatly   Saudi Arabia Sultan 4 2 6 Q
60 Samuel Parot   Chile Al Calypso 8 0 8 Q
Tiffany Foster   Canada Victor 8 0 8 Q
Luciana Diniz   Portugal Lennox 8 0 8 Q
Pius Schwizer   Switzerland Carlina IV 8 0 8 Q
64 Alejandro Madorno   Argentina Milano de Flore 8 1 9
65 Peter Charles   Great Britain Vindicat 8 2 10
Vladimir Tuganov   Russia Lancero 8 2 10
67 Ibrahim Hani Bisharat   Jordan Vrieda O 12 0 12
Jaime Azcarraga   Mexico Gangster 12 0 12
69 Christian Ahlmann   Germany Codex One 12 3 15
70 Oleksandr Onyshchenko   Ukraine Comte d'Arsouilles 16 2 18
71 Reiko Takeda   Japan Ari 20 2 22
72 Lisen Fredricson   Sweden Matrix Elim. 42 Fall
Elizabeth Madden   United States Via Volo Elim. 42 Two refusals
Carlos Ribas   Brazil Wilexo Elim. 42 Two refusals
Matt Williams   Australia Watch Me Elim. 42 Two refusals

Round 2 edit

The course for the second round was 550 m long with an allowed time of 1:28.

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Notes
Jump Time Round 1 Total
1 Nick Skelton   Great Britain Big Star 0 0 0 0 Q
Abdullah bin Mutaib Al Saud   Saudi Arabia Davos 0 0 0 0 Q
Ben Maher   Great Britain Tripple X 0 0 0 0 Q
Edwina Tops-Alexander   Australia Itot du Chateau 0 0 0 0 Q
Alberto Michan Halbinger   Mexico Rosalia la Silla 0 0 0 0 Q
Alvaro Alfonso de Miranda Neto   Brazil Rahmannshof's Bogen 0 0 0 0 Q
Maikel Van Der Vleuten   Netherlands Verdi 0 0 0 0 Q
Paul Estermann   Switzerland Castlefield Eclipse 0 0 0 0 Q
Marc Houtzager   Netherlands Tamino 0 0 0 0 Q
Henrik von Eckermann   Sweden Allerdings 0 0 0 0 Q
Rich Fellers   United States Flexible 0 0 0 0 Q
Rolf-Göran Bengtsson   Sweden Casall 0 0 0 0 Q
13 Daniel Bluman   Colombia Sancha 0 1 0 1 Q
Eric Lamaze   Canada Derly Chin de Muze 0 1 0 1 Q
15 Kamal Bahamdan   Saudi Arabia Delphi 0 1 1 2 Q
Ramzy Al Duhami   Saudi Arabia Bayard van de Villa There 0 0 2 2 Q
17 Taizo Sugitani   Japan Avenzio 4 0 0 4 Q
Ian Millar   Canada Star Power 0 0 4 4 Q
McLain Ward   United States Antares 4 0 0 4 Q
Steve Guerdat   Switzerland Nino des Buissonets 4 0 0 4 Q
Janne Friederike Meyer   Germany Lambrasco 4 0 0 4 Q
Jose Roberto Reynoso Fernandez Filho   Brazil Maestro St Lois 4 0 0 4 Q
Kevin Staut   France Silvana 4 0 0 4 Q
Werner Muff   Switzerland Kiamon 4 0 0 4 Q
Gerco Schroder   Netherlands London 4 0 0 4 Q
Jos Lansink   Belgium Valentina Van 't Heike 4 0 0 4 Q
27 Cassio Rivetti   Ukraine Temple Road 4 1 0 5 Q
Marcus Ehning   Germany Plot Blue 4 0 1 5 Q
Rodrigo Pessoa   Brazil Rebozo 4 0 1 5 Q
30 Simon Delestre   France Napoli du Ry 4 2 0 6 Q
31 Luciana Diniz   Portugal Lennox 0 0 8 8 Q
Jose Maria Larocca   Argentina Royal Power 4 0 4 8 Q
Cian O'Connor   Ireland Blue Loyd 12 8 0 0 8 Q
Nicolas Pizarro   Mexico Crossing Jordan 4 0 4 8 Q
James Paterson-Robinson   Australia Lanosso 4 0 4 8 Q
Julia Hargreaves   Australia Vedor 8 0 0 8 Q
Bjorn Nagel   Ukraine Niack de l'Abbaye 4 0 4 8 Q
Scott Brash   Great Britain Hello Sanctos 4 0 4 8 Q
Jur Vrieling   Netherlands Bubalu 8 0 0 8 Q
Jens Fredricson   Sweden Lunatic 8 0 0 8 Q
Philippe Le Jeune   Belgium Vigo d'Arsouilles 8 0 0 8 Q
Grégory Wathelet   Belgium Cadjanne Z 4 0 4 8 Q
Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum   Germany Bella Donna 8 0 0 8 Q
Dirk Demeersman   Belgium Bufero van Het Panishof 8 0 0 8 Q
Olivier Guillon   France Lord de Theize 4 0 4 8 Q
Pius Schwizer   Switzerland Carlina IV 0 0 8 8 Q
47 Jillian Terceira   Bermuda Bernadien van Westuur 8 0 1 9
Jill Henselwood   Canada George 4 0 5 9
Pénélope Leprevost   France Mylord Carthago 8 0 1 9
Reed Kessler   United States Cylana 8 0 1 9
51 Karim El Zoghby   Egypt Wervel Wind 4 1 5 10
Abdullah Waleed Sharbatly   Saudi Arabia Sultan 4 0 6 10
53 Rodrigo Diaz   Colombia Royal Vinckenburg 8 2 1 11
Tomas Couve Correa   Chile Underwraps 4 1 6 11
Federico Fernandez   Mexico Victoria 4 2 5 11
56 Billy Twomey   Ireland Tinka's Serenade 8 0 4 12
Carlos Milthaler   Chile Hyo Altanero 8 0 4 12
58 Katharina Offel   Ukraine Vivant 12 0 4 16
59 Samuel Parot   Chile Al Calypso 8 1 8 17
60 Jamal Rahimov   Azerbaijan Warrior 12 1 5 18
61 Rodrigo Carrasco   Chile Or de la Charboniere 16 1 5 22
62 Ahmad Saber Hamcho   Syria Wonderboy 28 1 1 30
Tiffany Foster   Canada Victor DNS 8 DNF Injured horse

Round 3 edit

The course for the third round was 550 meters long (with 13 fences) with an allowed time of 1:28.[5][6]

Bengtsson withdrew from the final when his horse, Casall, turned up lame the morning of the final. Two riders (Muff and Vrieling) were ineligible as the fourth-best riders from their nations. The qualifying rank thus went from 35 to 38. A three-way tie for 38th resulted in all three advancing, for a total of 37 finalists.[3]

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Notes
Jump Time Round 1+2 Total
1 Nick Skelton   Great Britain Big Star 0 0 0 0 Q
Maikel Van Der Vleuten   Netherlands Verdi 0 0 0 0 Q
Marc Houtzager   Netherlands Tamino 0 0 0 0 Q
4 Edwina Tops-Alexander   Australia Itot du Chateau 4 0 0 4 Q
Abdullah bin Mutaib Al Saud   Saudi Arabia Davos 4 0 0 4 Q
Ben Maher   Great Britain Tripple X 4 0 0 4 Q
7 Marcus Ehning   Germany Plot Blue 0 0 5 5 Q
Daniel Bluman   Colombia Sancha 4 0 1 5 Q
9 Ramzy Al Duhami   Saudi Arabia Bayard van de Villa There 4 0 2 6 Q
10 Kamal Bahamdan   Saudi Arabia Delphi 5 1 2 7 Q
11 Kevin Staut   France Silvana 4 0 4 8 Q
Jos Lansink   Belgium Valentina Van 't Heike 4 0 4 8 Q
Alvaro Alfonso de Miranda Neto   Brazil Rahmannshof's Bogen 8 0 0 8 Q
Steve Guerdat   Switzerland Nino des Buissonets 4 0 4 8 Q
Paul Estermann   Switzerland Castlefield Eclipse 8 0 0 8 Q
Scott Brash   Great Britain Hello Sanctos 0 0 8 8 Q
Rich Fellers   United States Flexible 8 0 0 8 Q
Ian Millar   Canada Star Power 4 0 4 8 Q
Gerco Schroder   Netherlands London 4 0 4 8 Q
Rolf-Göran Bengtsson   Sweden Casall 8 0 0 8 Q, withdrew
Pius Schwizer   Switzerland Carlina IV 0 0 8 8 Q
22 Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum   Germany Bella Donna 0 1 8 9 Q
Alberto Michan Halbinger   Mexico Rosalia la Silla 8 1 0 9 Q
Eric Lamaze   Canada Derly Chin de Muze 8 0 1 9 Q
25 Rodrigo Pessoa   Brazil Rebozo 4 1 5 10 Q
26 Luciana Diniz   Portugal Lennox 4 0 8 12 Q
Grégory Wathelet   Belgium Cadjanne Z 4 0 8 12 Q
Taizo Sugitani   Japan Avenzio 8 0 4 12 Q
McLain Ward   United States Antares 8 0 4 12 Q
Jens Fredricson   Sweden Lunatic 4 0 8 12 Q
31 Julia Hargreaves   Australia Vedor 4 1 8 13 Q
32 Simon Delestre   France Napoli du Ry 8 0 6 14 Q
33 Olivier Guillon   France Lord de Theize 8 0 8 16 Q
Henrik von Eckermann   Sweden Allerdings 16 0 0 16 Q
Werner Muff   Switzerland Kiamon 12 0 4 16 3/NOC
Jur Vrieling   Netherlands Bubalu 8 0 8 16 3/NOC
37 Cassio Rivetti   Ukraine Temple Road 12 0 5 17 Q
38 Jose Maria Larocca   Argentina Royal Power 12 0 8 20 Q
Cian O'Connor   Ireland Blue Loyd 12 12 0 8 20 Q
Dirk Demeersman   Belgium Bufero van Het Panishof 12 0 8 20 Q
41 James Paterson-Robinson   Australia Lanosso 12 1 8 21
Bjorn Nagel   Ukraine Niack de l'Abbaye 12 1 8 21
Janne Friederike Meyer   Germany Lambrasco 16 1 4 21
44 Nicolas Pizarro   Mexico Crossing Jordan 20 0 8 28
45 Jose Roberto Reynoso Fernandez Filho   Brazil Maestro St Lois 46 0 4 50
Philippe Le Jeune   Belgium Vigo d'Arsouilles DNS 8 DNF Injured horse

Final round edit

Round A edit

O'Connor, who had only reached the final due to Bengtsson's withdrawal, took advantage of the fresh scoring, as one of six riders to clear round A cleanly.

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Notes
Jump Time Total
1 Cian O'Connor   Ireland Blue Loyd 12 0 0 0 Q
Olivier Guillon   France Lord de Theize 0 0 0 Q
Steve Guerdat   Switzerland Nino des Buissonnets 0 0 0 Q
Scott Brash   Great Britain Hello Sanctos 0 0 0 Q
Marcus Ehning   Germany Plot Blue 0 0 0 Q
Nick Skelton   Great Britain Big Star 0 0 0 Q
7 Luciana Diniz   Portugal Lennox 0 1 1 Q
Gerco Schroder   Netherlands London 0 1 1 Q
Pius Schwizer   Switzerland Carlina IV 0 1 1 Q
Kamal Bahamdan   Saudi Arabia Nobless des Tess 0 1 1 Q
11 Simon Delestre   France Napoli du Ry 4 0 4 Q
Rodrigo Pessoa   Brazil Rebozo 4 0 4 Q
Alberto Michan   Mexico Rosalia la Silla 4 0 4 Q
Alvaro Affonso de Miranda Neto   Brazil Rahmannshof's Bogeno 4 0 4 Q
Ian Millar   Canada Star Power 4 0 4 Q
Daniel Bluman   Colombia Sancha 4 0 4 Q
Edwina Tops-Alexander   Australia Itot du Chateau 4 0 4 Q
Ben Maher   Great Britain Tripple X 4 0 4 Q
Marc Houtzager   Netherlands Tamino 4 0 4 Q
20 Cassio Rivetti   Ukraine Temple Road 4 1 5 Q
Paul Estermann   Switzerland Castlefield Eclipse 4 1 5 Q
Rich Fellers   United States Flexible 4 1 5 Q
23 Henrik von Eckermann   Sweden Allerdings 8 0 8
Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum   Germany Bella Donna 8 0 8
Jos Lansink   Belgium Valentina Van 't Heike 8 0 8
26 Dirk Demeersman   Belgium Bufero van Het Penishof 8 1 9
Jens Fredricson   Sweden Lunatic 8 1 9
Abdullah bin Mutaib Al Saud   Saudi Arabia Davos 8 1 9
29 Grégory Wathelet   Belgium Cadjanine Z 12 0 12
McLain Ward   United States Antares 12 0 12
Eric Lamaze   Canada Derly Chin de Muze 12 0 12
Ramzy Al Duhami   Saudi Arabia Bayard van de Villa There 12 0 12
33 Taizo Sugitani   Japan Avenzio 12 2 14
34 Kevin Staut   France Silvana 16 0 16
35 Julia Hargreaves   Australia Vedor 16 1 17
36 Jose Maria Larocca   Argentina Royal Power 20 0 20
Maikel van der Vleuten   Netherlands Verdi DNF

Round B edit

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Notes
Jump Time Round A Total
  Steve Guerdat   Switzerland Nino des Buissonnets 0 0 0 0
2 Gerco Schroder   Netherlands London 0 0 1 1 Q
Cian O'Connor   Ireland Blue Loyd 12 0 1 0 1 Q
4 Kamal Bahamdan   Saudi Arabia Noblesse des Tess 0 1 1 2
5 Alberto Michan   Mexico Rosalia la Silla 0 0 4 4
Scott Brash   Great Britain Hello Sanctos 4 0 0 4
Nick Skelton   Great Britain Big Star 4 0 0 4
8 Rich Fellers   United States Flexible 0 0 5 5
9 Ian Millar   Canada Star Power 4 0 4 8
Ben Maher   Great Britain Tripple X 4 0 4 8
Marc Houtzager   Netherlands Tamino 4 0 4 8
12 Cassio Rivetti   Ukraine Temple Road 4 0 5 9
Alvaro Affonso de Miranda Neto   Brazil Rahmannshof's Bogeno 4 1 4 9
Pius Schwizer   Switzerland Carlina IV 8 0 1 9
Olivier Guillon   France Lord de Theize 8 1 0 9
Marcus Ehning   Germany Plot Blue 8 1 0 9
17 Paul Estermann   Switzerland Castlefield Eclipse 4 1 5 10
Luciana Diniz   Portugal Lennox 8 1 1 10
19 Simon Delestre   France Napoli du Ry 8 0 4 12
20 Daniel Bluman   Colombia Sancha 8 1 4 13
Edwina Tops-Alexander   Australia Itot du Chateau 8 1 4 13
22 Rodrigo Pessoa   Brazil Rebozo 12 1 4 17

Silver medal jump-off edit

Rank Rider Nation Horse Penalties Time (s)
  Gerco Schroder   Netherlands London 0 49.79
  Cian O'Connor   Ireland Blue Loyd 12 4 46.64

References edit

  1. ^ "Equestrian at the 2012 Summer Olympics". Archived from the original on 7 September 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
  2. ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Equestrianism at the 2012 London Equestrian Games: Mixed Jumping, Individual". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 13 November 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Jumping, Individual, Open". Olympedia. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
  4. ^ Jumping competition format Archived 7 September 2012 at archive.today, London 2012 Archived 28 February 2013 at the UK Government Web Archive, retrieved 3 August 2012.
  5. ^ Third round results Archived 11 January 2013 at archive.today, London 2012 Archived 28 February 2013 at the UK Government Web Archive.
  6. ^ Jumping team final report, FEI.