Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF2 gene. It is the archaeal and eukaryotic counterpart of bacterial EF-G.[5][6][7][8]

EEF2
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesEEF2, EEF-2, EF-2, EF2, SCA26, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2, Eukaryotic elongation factor 2
External IDsOMIM: 130610; MGI: 95288; HomoloGene: 134867; GeneCards: EEF2; OMA:EEF2 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001961

NM_007907

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001952

NP_031933

Location (UCSC)Chr 19: 3.98 – 3.99 MbChr 10: 81.01 – 81.02 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

This gene encodes a member of the GTP-binding translation elongation factor family. This protein is an essential factor for protein synthesis. It promotes the GTP-dependent translocation of the ribosome. This protein is completely inactivated by EF-2 kinase phosphorylation.[7]

aEF2/eEF2 found in most archaea and eukaryotes, including humans, contains a post translationally modified histidine diphthamide.[8] It is the target of diphtheria toxin (from Corynebacterium diphtheriae), and exotoxin A (from Pseudomonas aeruginosa).[9] The inactivation of EF-2 by toxins inhibits protein production in the host, causing symptoms due to loss of function in affected cells.

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000167658Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000034994Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Rapp G, Klaudiny J, Hagendorff G, Luck MR, Scheit KH (October 1989). "Complete sequence of the coding region of human elongation factor 2 (EF-2) by enzymatic amplification of cDNA from human ovarian granulosa cells". Biological Chemistry Hoppe-Seyler. 370 (10): 1071–5. doi:10.1515/bchm3.1989.370.2.1071. PMID 2610926.
  6. ^ Kaneda Y, Yoshida MC, Kohno K, Uchida T, Okada Y (May 1984). "Chromosomal assignment of the gene for human elongation factor 2". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 81 (10): 3158–62. Bibcode:1984PNAS...81.3158K. doi:10.1073/pnas.81.10.3158. PMC 345240. PMID 6427766.
  7. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: EEF2 eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2".
  8. ^ a b Narrowe AB, Spang A, Stairs CW, Caceres EF, Baker BJ, Miller CS, Ettema TJ (September 2018). "Complex Evolutionary History of Translation Elongation Factor 2 and Diphthamide Biosynthesis in Archaea and Parabasalids". Genome Biology and Evolution. 10 (9): 2380–2393. doi:10.1093/gbe/evy154. PMC 6143161. PMID 30060184.
  9. ^ Jørgensen R, Merrill AR, Andersen GR (February 2006). "The life and death of translation elongation factor 2". Biochemical Society Transactions. 34 (Pt 1): 1–6. doi:10.1042/BST20060001. PMID 16246167.

Further reading

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