1900 Italian general election

General elections were held in Italy on 3 June 1900, with a second round of voting on 10 June.[1] The "ministerial" left-wing bloc remained the largest in Parliament, winning 296 of the 508 seats.[2]

1900 Italian general election

← 1897 3 June 1900 (first round)
10 June 1900 (second round)
1904 →

All 508 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
255 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party Third party
 
Leader Giovanni Giolitti Antonio Starabba di Rudinì Filippo Turati
Party Historical Left Historical Right PSI
Seats won 296 116 33
Seat change Decrease33 Increase17 Increase 29
Popular vote 663,418 271,698 164,946
Percentage 52.3% 21.4% 13.0%
Swing Decrease12.0pp Increase 2.0pp Increase10.0pp

  Fourth party Fifth party
 
Leader Ettore Sacchi Napoleone Colajanni
Party Historical Far Left PRI
Seats won 34 29
Seat change Decrease8 Increase 4
Popular vote 89,872 79,127
Percentage 7.1% 6.2%
Swing Decrease1.1pp Increase 0.4pp

Prime Minister before election

Luigi Pelloux
Military

Subsequent Prime Minister

Giuseppe Saracco
Historical Left

Background

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Upon the fall of Antonio Starabba di Rudinì in June 1898, General Luigi Pelloux was entrusted by King Umberto with the formation of a cabinet, and took for himself the post of minister of the interior. He resigned office in May 1899 over his Chinese policy, but was again entrusted with the formation of a government. His new cabinet was essentially military and conservative, the most decisively conservative since 1876.[3]

He took stern measures against the revolutionary elements in southern Italy. The Public Safety Bill for the reform of the police laws, taken over by him from the Rudinì cabinet, and eventually promulgated by royal decree. The law made strikes by state employees illegal; gave the executive wider powers to ban public meetings and dissolve subversive organisations; revived the penalties of banishment and preventive arrest for political offences; and tightened control of the press by making authors responsible for their articles and declaring incitement to violence a crime.[3] The new coercive law was fiercely obstructed by the Socialist Party of Italy (PSI), which, with the Left and Extreme Left, succeeded in forcing General Pelloux to dissolve the Chamber in May 1900, and to resign office after the general election in June.

Electoral system

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The election was held using 508 single-member constituencies. However, prior to the election the electoral law was amended so that candidates needed only an absolute majority of votes to win their constituency, abolishing the second requirement of receiving the votes of at least one-sixth of registered voters.[4]

Parties and leaders

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Party Ideology Leader
Historical Left Liberalism Giovanni Giolitti
Historical Right Conservatism Antonio Starabba di Rudinì
Italian Socialist Party Socialism Filippo Turati
Historical Far Left Radicalism Ettore Sacchi
Italian Republican Party Republicanism Napoleone Colajanni

Results

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PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Historical Left663,41852.28296−33
Historical Right271,69821.41116+17
Italian Socialist Party164,94613.0033+18
Historical Far Left89,8727.0834−8
Italian Republican Party79,1276.2429+4
Total1,269,061100.005080
Valid votes1,269,06197.03
Invalid/blank votes38,8882.97
Total votes1,307,949100.00
Registered voters/turnout2,248,50958.17
Source: National Institute of Statistics

References

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  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1047 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p1083
  3. ^ a b Seton-Watson, Italy from liberalism to fascism, 1870-1925, p. 193
  4. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p1039