Flowering plants (Magnoliophyta; angiosperms)
editFor classification of flowering plants, see APG II system.
Eudicots (together with magnoliids they are called broadleaf or hardwood trees)
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About 210 eudicot families include trees.[1][2]
- Adoxaceae (Moschatel family)
- Altingiaceae (Sweetgum family)
- Liquidambar, Sweetgum
- Anacardiaceae (Cashew family)
- Anacardium, Cashew etc.
- Mangifera, Mango
- Pistacia, Pistachio etc.
- Rhus, Sumac
- Toxicodendron, Lacquer tree etc.
- Apocynaceae (Dogbane family)
- Aquifoliaceae (Holly family)
- Ilex, Holly
- Araliaceae (Ivy family)
- Harmsiopanax
- Kalopanax septemlobus, Kalopanax
Birch tree (foreground) and maple tree (background) in fall. - Schefflera, Schefflera
- Betulaceae (Birch family)
- Bignoniaceae (Trumpet Creeper family)
- Cactaceae (Cactus family)
- Carnegiea gigantea, Saguaro
- Cannabaceae (Cannabis family)
- Celtis, Hackberry
- Cornaceae (Dogwood family)
- Cornus, Dogwood
- Family Dipterocarpaceae
- Ebenaceae (Persimmon family)
- Diospyros, Persimmon
- Ericaceae (Heath family)
- Arbutus, Arbutus
- Eucommiaceae (Eucommia family)
- Eucommia ulmoides, Eucommia
- Fabaceae (Pea family)
- Acacia, Acacia
- Bauhinia Orchid tree etc.
- Caesalpinia, Brazilwood etc.
- Gleditsia, Honey locust etc.
- Laburnum, Laburnum
- Robinia, Black locust etc.
- Fagaceae (Beech family)
- Castanea, Chestnut
- Fagus, Beech
- Lithocarpus, Tanoak etc.
- Quercus, Oak
- Fouquieriaceae (Boojum family)
- Fouquieria, Boojum etc.
- Hamamelidaceae (Witch-hazel family)
- Parrotia persica, Persian Ironwood
- Juglandaceae (Walnut family)
- Lecythidaceae (Paradise nut family)
- Bertholletia excelsa, Brazil Nut
- Lythraceae (Loosestrife family)
- Lagerstroemia, Crape-myrtle
- Malvaceae (Mallow family; including Tiliaceae, Sterculiaceae and Bombacaceae)
African baobab (Adansonia digitata, Malvaceae) in South Africa. - Adansonia, Baobab
- Bombax, Silk-cotton tree
- Brachychiton, Bottletrees
- Ceiba, Kapok etc.
- Durio, Durian
- Ochroma pyramidale, Balsa
- Theobroma, Cacao etc.
- Tilia, Linden (Basswood, Lime)
- Meliaceae (Mahogany family)
- Azadirachta, Neem etc.
- Melia, Bead tree etc.
- Swietenia, Mahogany
- Moraceae (Mulberry family)
Eucalyptus bridgesiana (Myrtaceae) on Red Hill, Australian Capital Territory. - Myrtaceae (Myrtle family)
- Nothofagaceaed (Southern Beech family)
- Nothofagus, Southern beech
- Nyssaceae (Tupelo family; sometimes included in Cornaceae)
- Oleaceae (Olive family)
Dove tree (Nyssaceae) in flower. - Paulowniaceae (Paulownia family)
- Paulownia, Foxglove Tree
- Platanaceae (Plane family)
- Platanus, Plane
- Rhizophoraceae (Mangrove family)
- Rhizophora, Red mangrove etc.
- Rosaceae (Rose family)
- Rubiaceae (Bedstraw family)
- Coffea, Coffee
- Rutaceae (Rue family)
- Salicaceae (Willow family)
- Sapindaceae (including Aceraceae, Hippocastanaceae) (Soapberry family)
- Acer, Maple
- Aesculus, Buckeye, Horse-chestnut
- Koelreuteria, Golden rain tree
- Litchi sinensis, Lychee
- Ungnadia speciosa, Mexican Buckeye
- Sapotaceae (Sapodilla family)
- Argania spinosa, Argan
- Palaquium, Gutta-percha
- Sideroxylon, Tambalacoque ("dodo tree") etc.
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- Family Simaroubaceae
- Ailanthus, Tree of heaven
- Theaceae (Camellia family)
- Thymelaeaceae (Thymelaea family)
- Gonystylus, Ramin
- Ulmaceae (Elm family)
Monocotyledons (Liliopsida)
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About 10 Monocotyledon families include trees.[1][2]
- Asparagaceae (Asparagus family)
- Cordyline, Cabbage tree etc.
- Dracaena, Dragon tree
- Yucca, Joshua tree etc.
- Arecaceae (Palmae) (Palm family)
- Areca, Areca
- Cocos nucifera, Coconut
- Phoenix, Date Palm etc.
- Trachycarpus, Chusan Palm etc.
- Poaceae (grass family)
- Bamboos, Poaceae subfamily Bambusoideae, around 92 genera
- Note that banana 'trees' are not actually trees; they are not woody nor is the stalk perennial.
Magnoliids (together with eudicots they are called broadleaf or hardwood trees)
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17 magnoliid families include trees.[1][2]
- Annonaceae (Custard apple family)
- Annona, Cherimoya, Custard apple, Soursop etc.
- Asimina, American Pawpaw
- Lauraceae (Laureddl family)
- Cinnamomum, Cinnamon etc.
- Laurus, Bay Laurel etc.
- Persea, Avocado etc.
- Sassafras, Sassafras
- Magnoliaceae (Magnolia family)
- Liriodendron, Tulip tree
- Magnolia, Magnolia
- Myristicaceae (Nutmeg family)
- Myristica, Nutmeg
7 families, all of them include trees.[3]
- Araucariaceae (Araucaria family)
- Cupressaceae (Cypress family)
- Chamaecyparis
- Cryptomeria japonica, Sugi
- Cupressus, Cypress
- Fitzroya cupressoides, Alerce or Patagonian cypress
- Juniperus, Juniper
- Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Dawn Redwood
- Sequoia sempervirens, Coast Redwood
- Sequoiadendron giganteum, Giant Sequoia
- Taxodium, Bald Cypress
- Thuja, Western Redcedar etc.
- Pinaceae (Pine family)
- Podocarpaceae (Yellowwood family)
- Afrocarpus, African Yellowwood etc.
- Dacrycarpus, Kahikatea etc.
- Dacrydium, Rimu etc.
- Podocarpus, Totara etc.
- Prumnopitys, Miro etc.
- Family Sciadopityaceae
- Taxaceae (Yew family)
- Taxus, Yew
Ginkgos (Ginkgophyta)
editOnly one species.
- Ginkgoaceae (Ginkgo family)
- Ginkgo biloba, Ginkgo
2 families include trees.[3]
- Cycadaceae (Cycad family)
- Cycas, Ngathu cycad etc.
- Zamiaceae (Zamia family)
- Lepidozamia, Wunu cycad etc.
Fossil trees
edit- Wattieza, the earliest known tree
See also
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References
edit- ^ a b c "Angiosperm Phylogeny Website". Missouri Botanical Garden.
- ^ a b c Heywood, V.H., Brummitt, R.K., Culham, A. & Seberg, O. 2007: Flowering Plant Families of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ a b "The Gymnosperm Database".