Chronology of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms

The Chronology of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms lists major events that occurred during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. The presentation of the data in a table format allows interested parties to copy and transfer the data to other software or databases with discrete data fields.

Scope of historical coverage

edit
 
Portrait of King Charles I
Anthony van Dyck, c. 1636

Included as components of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms are:

Data fields included

edit

Data fields include:

  • Event - This field includes a short commentary on individual battles, sieges, along with other significant events that provide context to the overall history.
  • Start Date - These fields provide the most commonly accepted date (month, day, and year) on which the event began or occurred.
  • End Date - These fields provide the most commonly accepted date (month, day, and year) on which the event ended.
  • Event Location - This field provides the location of the battles and sieges discussed as events.
  • Associated Wars - These fields provide the name(s) of the war(s) associated with the individual events.

Notes regarding the data fields

edit

Dates

edit

With respect to the dates provided for the individual events, portions of some dates have been estimated based upon imprecise historical dating (e.g. spring, summer, fall, winter, early in the month, the middle of the month, etc.). In these cases, the dates are shown in red font.

Many of the dates were taken from Wikipedia articles. As of publication of this article in September 2020, the dates of the events in the table are fully consistent with Wikipedia articles associated with the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.

Event locations

edit

Some locations were the site of multiple events during the War of the Three Kingdoms. In those cases a numerical count is provided after the name of the location (e.g. Oxford 1st, Oxford 2nd, etc.). If a location was the site of a single event, no numerical count will be shown. A siege of a location is only counted once and will include appropriate notations (e.g. Siege Starts, Siege Continues, and Siege Ends).

Associated wars

edit

In some cases, an event is associated with multiple wars. In those cases, two fields (Primary and Secondary) will be populated.

Database

edit
Chronology of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms - 1639-1654
Event Start Date End Date Event Location Associated Wars
Mo. Day Year Mo. Day Year Primary Secondary
The Scottish Covenanters defeat the Royalists at Brig of Dee, Aberdeen 06 18 1639 Aberdeen 1st
(Brig of Dee)
Bishops' Wars
The Scottish Covenanters defeat King Charles I at Newburn 08 28 1640 Newburn Bishops' Wars
King Charles I signs the Treaty of London ending Bishops' Wars 08 10 1641 Bishops' Wars
King Charles' weakness in Bishops' Wars emboldens Catholics who wanted reform of the Kingdom of Ireland 08 1641 Irish Rebellion
The Irish Rebellion begins with an attempted coup d'état by a small group of Irish Catholic landowners 08 1641 Irish Rebellion
They planned to seize Dublin Castle and other strongpoints around the country and then to issue demands 08 1641 Irish Rebellion
Their demands included: 08 1641 Irish Rebellion
– The free practice of the Catholic religion 08 1641 Irish Rebellion
– Equal rights for Catholics to hold public office 08 1641 Irish Rebellion
– An end to land confiscations 08 1641 Irish Rebellion
The following events mark the beginning of the Irish Rebellion: 10 22 1641 Irish Rebellion
– On October 22, 1641, Irish rebels surprise and capture six English forts in Ulster 10 22 1641 Six Forts in Ulster Irish Rebellion
– Felim O'Neill captures Charlemont Fort from the English 10 22 1641 Charlemont 1st Irish Rebellion
– Irish rebels attempt to seize Dublin Castle fails 10 22 1641 Dublin 1st Irish Rebellion
– O'Byrne, O'Toole and Kavanagh clans occupy Wicklow Castle 10 1641 Wicklow Castle
(Siege Starts)
Irish Rebellion
– The insurrection spreads to the general populace and attacks on Protestants grow from beatings to murders 10 1641 Irish Rebellion
– Irish rebels advance toward Belfast 10 1641 Irish Rebellion
– Irish rebels capture Armagh and Lurgan 10 1641 Armagh Irish Rebellion
– Irish rebels are driven back from Belfast by the Protestants 10 1641 Belfast 1st Irish Rebellion
– Protestants take refuge in Londonderry 10 1641 Irish Rebellion
– Irish rebels massacre Protestant settlers at Portadown 11 1641 Portadown Irish Rebellion
Felim O'Neill sieges Drogheda 11 1641 03 10 1642 Drogheda 1st
(Siege Starts)
Irish Rebellion
Ormond is appointed Lieutenant-General in Ireland by King Charles 11 11 1641 Irish Rebellion
Felim O'Neill fails to capture Lisburn 11 28 1641 Lisburn Irish Rebellion
Irish rebels ambush a Royalist relief contingent at Julianstown 11 29 1641 Julianstown Irish Rebellion
Sir Charles Coote, 1st Baronet, takes Wicklow Castle from Irish rebels 11 29 1641 Wicklow Castle
(Siege Ends)
Irish Rebellion
Sir Charles Coote, 1st Baronet, defeats the rebels at Kilcoole 12 01 1641 Kilcoole Irish Rebellion
Irish rebels massacre the Scottish settler garrison at Augher 12 1641 Augher Irish Rebellion
Felim O'Neill fails to capture Castle Derg 12 1641 Castle Derg Irish Rebellion
The first English reinforcements arrive in Dublin; these are sent by Parliament 12 30 1641 Irish Rebellion
Irish rebels unsuccessfully attack a Royalist escort at Barnesmore Gap 01 01 1642 Barnesmore Gap Irish Rebellion
Sir Charles Coote, 1st Baronet, and the English defeat rebels at Swords near Dublin 01 11 1642 Dublin 2nd (Swords) Irish Rebellion
The Irish rebels siege Coleraine 01 1642 06 1642 Coleraine
(Siege Starts)
Irish Rebellion
Ormond and the English recaptures Naas from the rebels 02 03 1642 Naas Irish Rebellion
Irish rebels slaughter an English defense corps south of Coleraine at Garvagh 02 10 1642 Garvagh Irish Rebellion
Irish rebels unsuccessfully attack Antrim 02 13 1642 Antrim Irish Rebellion
Three thousand (3,000) English soldiers arrive in Dublin 03 1642 Irish Rebellion
Irish rebels rout an English defense corps at Bundoorragh 03 1642 Bundoorragh Irish Rebellion
The rebel siege of Drogheda ends unsuccessfully 03 10 1642 Drogheda 1st
(Siege Ends)
Irish Rebellion
The citizens of Galway seize an English ship and declare for the rebellion 03 19 1642 Galway 1st Irish Rebellion
Nineteen hundred (1,900) English soldiers arrive in Dublin 03 21 1642 Irish Rebellion
Robert Monro arrives in Ulster with an advance party of 2,500 men from Scotland 04 15 1642 Irish Rebellion
Irish rebels unsuccessfully attempt to stop Royalist forces on a resupply mission at Kilrush 04 15 1642 Kilrush Irish Rebellion
The Confederate Oath of Association is drafted 05 10 1642 Irish Confederate Wars
The Irish Confederates siege St John's Castle in Limerick 05 18 1642 06 23 1642 Limerick 1st
(Siege Starts)
Irish Confederate Wars
The Laggan Army routs Felim O'Neill at Glenmaquin 06 16 1642 Glenmaquin Irish Confederate Wars
The Laggan Army takes the Strabane garrison from the Confederates 06 19 1642 Strabane Irish Confederate Wars
St John's Castle in Limerick falls to the Confederates after siege 06 23 1642 Limerick 1st
(Siege Ends)
Irish Confederate Wars
The Laggan Army defeats Manus O'Cahan at Dungiven 06 1642 Dungiven Irish Confederate Wars
The Laggan Army relieves the siege of Coleraine by the Confederates 06 1642 Coleraine
(Siege Ends)
Irish Confederate Wars
Seven thousand five hundred (7,500) more Scotch veterans arrive in Ulster 07 1642 Irish Confederate Wars
Owen Roe O'Neill returns to Ireland 07 08 1642 Irish Confederate Wars
The Royalists siege Hull in an attempt to secure a large arsenal 07 10 1642 07 27 1642 Hull 1st
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Lord Montgomery unsuccessfully attacks Charlemont 07 1642 Charlemont 2nd Irish Confederate Wars
The Royalists end the siege of Hull and retreated to York 07 27 1642 Hull 1st
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Royalists ambush a force of Parliamentarian recruits 08 04 1642 Marshall's Elm 1st English
Civil War
Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven, the Scottish commander arrives in Ulster 08 04 1642 Irish Confederate Wars
Lord Forbes attacks Galway attempting to relieve the Fort-Hill garrison 08 07 1642 09 04 1642 Galway 2nd
(Siege Starts)
Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians siege Portsmouth 08 10 1642 09 07 1642 Portsmouth
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalist block land access to the Parliamentarian port of Plymouth 08 1642 01 1646 Plymouth
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The First English Civil War starts - Charles I raises his standard at Nottingham 08 22 1642 1st English
Civil War
Civil War in England cuts off troops, supplies, and finances for the rebellion in Ireland 08 22 1642 Irish Confederate Wars
Laggan Army is responsible for securing the barony of Raphoe 08 22 1642 Raphoe Irish Confederate Wars
Owen Roe O'Neill is made general of the Confederate Army for Ulster 08 29 1642 Irish Confederate Wars
Lord Inchiquin defeats the Confederates and secures Munster for the King 09 03 1642 Liscarroll Irish Confederate Wars
The Irish Confederates siege Fort-Hill garrison in Galway 09 04 1642 06 20 1643 Galway 2nd
(Siege Continues)
Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians capture Portsmouth after a siege and secure a large gunpowder reserve 09 07 1642 Portsmouth
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalists and the Parliamentarians skirmish 09 07 1642 Babylon Hill 1st English
Civil War
General Leslie attacks Owen O'Neill at Charlemont 09 1642 Charlemont 3rd Irish Confederate Wars
General Leslie attacks Owen O'Neill at Charlemont 09 1642 Charlemont 4th Irish Confederate Wars
Prince Rupert routes the Parliamentarian cavalry and rescues Byron's convoy of silver 09 23 1642 Powick Bridge 1st English
Civil War
Prince Rupert loses a skirmish to the Parliamentarians 10 17 1642 Kings Norton 1st English
Civil War
King Charles attempts to gain London and is blocked by Essex and the Parliamentarians 10 23 1642 Edgehill 1st English
Civil War
The first Confederate General Assembly is held at Kilkenny 10 24 1642 Irish Confederate Wars
Prince Rupert loses a skirmish to the Parliamentarians 11 01 1642 Aylesbury 1st English
Civil War
Prince Rupert defeats the Parliamentarians as King Charles advances on London 11 12 1642 Brentford 1st English
Civil War
King Charles leads his army nearly to London then backs off when Essex and the Parliamentarians block his way 11 13 1642 Turnham Green 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians quickly capture the Farnham castle as King Charles takes his army to Oxford 12 01 1642 Farnham Castle 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians fail to stop the Earl of Newcastle from advancing to York 12 01 1642 Piercebridge 1st English
Civil War
The Earl of Newcastle continues his advance south capturing the Parliamentarian garrison of Tadcaster 12 07 1642 Tadcaster 1st English
Civil War
Royalists attempting to advance east out of Sussex are stopped by a disciplined Parliamentarian force 12 1642 Muster Green 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians siege a small Royalist garrison in southern England 12 22 1642 12 27 1642 Chichester
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Cornwall Royalists make a weak and unsuccessful effort to siege Exeter 12 1642 01 1643 Exeter 1st 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians capture a small Royalist garrison in southern England 12 27 1642 Chichester
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Royalists forces advancing east from Cornwall defeat inexperienced Parliamentarians in a short battle 01 19 1643 Braddock Down 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians attack and capture Leeds partially restoring the balance of power in northern England 01 23 1643 Leeds 1st English
Civil War
The Confederates are defeated by Charles Coote as the Parliamentarians withdraw from Connacht to Dublin 02 05 1643 Rathconnel Irish Confederate Wars
Brereton and the Parliamentarians defeat the Royalists in north-west Cheshire 03 13 1643 Middlewich 1st 1st English
Civil War
The Royalists decimate Thomas Preston and the Confederate Leinster Army at Ballinvegga 03 18 1643 New Ross 1st Irish Confederate Wars
The Royalists defend their supply lines clashing inconclusively with the Parliamentarians in Hopton Heath 03 19 1643 Hopton Heath 1st English
Civil War
The Royalists decimate a Parliamentarian infantry detachment returning from a diversionary tactic 03 30 1643 Seacroft Moor 1st English
Civil War
Prince Rupert and the Royalists torch Camp Hill / Birmingham after being fired upon by Parliamentarians 04 03 1643 Camp Hill 1st English
Civil War
Prince Rupert and the Royalists siege a small garrison in Lichfield 04 08 1643 04 21 1643 Lichfield
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Prince Maurice blunts the advances of Sir William Waller near the River Severn and Wales 04 13 1643 Ripple Field 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians siege a Royalist garrison 04 14 1643 04 25 1643 Reading
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Prince Rupert and the Royalists capture a small garrison in Lichfield 04 21 1643 Lichfield
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians successfully capture a Royalist garrison 04 25 1643 Reading
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians turn the tables on a Royalist attack in Devon 04 25 1643 Sourton Down 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians siege the Castle of a prominent Royalist 05 02 1643 05 08 1643 Wardour 1st
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Robert Monro attacks Owen O'Neill at Charlemont 05 1643 Charlemont 5th Irish Confederate Wars
Robert Monro attacks Owen O'Neill at Charlemont 05 1643 Charlemont 6th Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians successfully capture the Castle of a prominent Royalist 05 08 1643 Wardour 1st
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Hopton and the Royalists decimate the Parliamentarians in Cornwall 05 16 1643 Stratton 1st English
Civil War
Thomas Fairfax and the Parliamentarians attack the Royalist garrison and take prisoners for a Seacroft Moor exchange 05 21 1643 Wakefield 1st English
Civil War
Waller and the Parliamentarians siege Worcester 05 29 1643 05 31 1643 Worcester 1st
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Waller and the Parliamentarians end the siege Worcester and quickly retreat 05 31 1643 Worcester 1st
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Irish Confederate cavalry defeats a retreating Royalist infantry force at Cloughleagh 06 04 1643 Cloghleagh Irish Confederate Wars
Robert Stewart and the Laggan Army routs Owen Roe O'Neill at Clones, County Monaghan 06 13 1643 Clones Irish Confederate Wars
John Hampden and the Parliamentarians are defeated when they pursue a Prince Rupert raiding party 06 18 1643 Chalgrove Field 1st English
Civil War
The Irish Confederates capture Fort-Hill garrison in Galway 06 20 1643 Galway 2nd
(Siege Ends)
Irish Confederate Wars
The Earl of Newcastle and the Royalists defeat the Fairfax Parliamentarians in West Yorkshire 06 30 1643 Adwalton Moor 1st English
Civil War
Queen Henrietta Maria's escort captures a bridge from the Parliamentarians in advance of her supply convoy 07 04 1643 Burton Bridge 1st English
Civil War
Hopton and the Royalists defeat the Parliamentarians as they advance east out of Devonshire 07 05 1643 Lansdowne 1st English
Civil War
Lord Wilmot's cavalry routes Waller and his army of 5,000 Parliamentarians 07 13 1643 Roundway Down 1st English
Civil War
The victory of the Royalists at Roundway Down effectively isolates the Parliamentarian garrison of Exeter in Devon 07 13 1643 09 04 1643 Exeter 2nd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Charles Cavendish and the Royalists siege Gainsborough in Lincolnshire 07 15 1643 07 28 1643 Gainsborough
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Prince Rupert and the Royalists storm and capture the port city of Bristol 07 26 1643 Bristol 1st 1st English
Civil War
Cromwell defeats Cavendish at the siege of Gainsborough in Lincolnshire 07 28 1643 Gainsborough
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Owen Roe O'Neill defeats Charles Moore at Portlester 08 07 1643 Portlester Irish Confederate Wars
King Charles sieges Gloucester in the South-west 08 10 1643 09 05 1643 Gloucester
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Earl of Newcastle sieges Hull 09 02 1643 10 12 1643 Hull 2nd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Exeter surrenders to Prince Maurice and the Royalists 09 04 1643 Exeter 2nd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
King Charles ends the siege Gloucester in the South-west 09 05 1643 Gloucester
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalists and the Confederates agree to a ceasefire - The Cessation of Arms 09 15 1643 Irish Confederate Wars
Prince Rupert attacks the Earl of Essex as he returns to London from relieving Gloucester 09 18 1643 Aldbourne Chase 1st English
Civil War
King Charles unsuccessfully attempts to stop the Earl of Essex's army from reaching London 09 20 1643 Newbury 1st 1st English
Civil War
The Solemn League and Covenant is signed by Parliament 09 25 1643 1st English
Civil War
The Laggan Army "refuses" the Covenant and the Cessation of Arms 09 1643 Irish Confederate Wars
The Earl of Manchester defeats a relieving force near Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire 10 11 1643 Winceby 1st English
Civil War
The Earl of Newcastle ends the siege of Hull 10 12 1643 Hull 2nd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
A Parliamentarian garrison stops Prince Rupert in a skirmish at a bridge in Olney 11 04 1643 Olney 1st English
Civil War
Waller and the Parliamentarians siege Basing House 11 06 1643 11 15 1643 Basing House 1st
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalists fail to capture Heptonstall in Yorkshire 11 1643 Heptonstall 1st English
Civil War
The Royalists siege Wardour Castle 11 1643 03 1644 Wardour 2nd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Waller and the Parliamentarians end the siege of Basing House when the troops revolt 11 15 1643 Basing House 1st
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
A Royalist detachment fails to capture a bridge over the River Adur in West Sussex 12 13 1643 Bramber Bridge 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians execute a surprise attack on the Royalist winter garrison in Hampshire 12 13 1643 Alton 1st English
Civil War
The Ordinance to enact the Cessation of Arms is approved 12 15 1643 Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians siege Arundel Castle 12 19 1643 01 06 1644 Arundel
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalists defeat Brereton and the Parliamentarians in a battle for Cheshire 12 26 1643 Middlewich 2nd 1st English
Civil War
The Royalists surrender Arundel Castle after an eighteen day siege 01 06 1644 Arundel
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Sir Thomas Fairfax in command of a Parliamentarian relief force defeats Lord Byron and the Royalists 01 25 1644 Nantwich 1st English
Civil War
The Royalist garrison of Newark is sieged by the Parliamentarians 02 1644 03 21 1644 Newark 1st
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Scot Covenanters conduct a prolonged siege of Newcastle 02 03 1644 10 27 1644 Newcastle 1st
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
The Parliamentarians siege Lathom House in Lancashire 02 27 1644 05 27 1644 Lathom House 1st
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalists capture Wardour Castle 03 1644 Wardour 2nd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Parliament appoints Major-General Robert Monro commander-in-chief of its forces in Ireland 03 09 1644 Irish Confederate Wars
Prince Rupert and the Royalists relieve the siege of their Newark garrison 03 21 1644 Newark 1st
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Scot Covenanters and the Royalists face-off inconclusively near Newcastle 03 24 1644 Boldon Hill 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
A Parliamentarian relief force is defeated and turned back at Stourbridge 03 26 1644 Stourbridge Heath 1st English
Civil War
The Royalists fail to stop the westward expansion of the Parliamentarians into Hampshire 03 29 1644 Cheriton 1st English
Civil War
The Fairfaxes and the Parliamentarians capture the strategic garrison of Selby in Yorkshire 04 11 1644 Selby 1st English
Civil War
The Royalists siege the port city of Lyme Regis 04 20 1644 06 16 1644 Lyme Regis
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians conduct a prolonged siege of York 04 22 1644 07 16 1644 York
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
The Parliamentarians siege the city of Lincoln in Lincolnshire 05 03 1644 05 06 1644 Lincoln
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians capture the city of Lincoln in Lincolnshire 05 06 1644 Lincoln
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Robert Munro and the Parliamentarians seize Belfast 05 14 1644 Belfast 2nd Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians end the siege of Lathom House in Lancashire 05 27 1644 Lathom House 1st
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians siege Oxford in an attempt to capture King Charles 05 27 1644 06 04 1644 Oxford 1st
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Prince Rupert attacks the city of Bolton and allegedly slaughters defenders and inhabitants 05 28 1644 Bolton 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians siege Basing House for a second time 06 04 1644 11 15 1644 Basing House 2nd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians end the siege of Oxford 06 04 1644 Oxford 1st
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Earl of Denbigh and the Parliamentarians siege Dudley Castle in the West Midlands 06 05 1644 06 12 1644 Tipton Green
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalists clash with a Parliamentarian force ending the siege of Dudley Castle in the West Midlands 06 12 1644 Tipton Green
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalists end the siege of the port city of Lyme Regis 06 16 1644 Lyme Regis
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians capture the Oswestry garrison in Shropshire 06 22 1644 Oswestry 1st English
Civil War
Sir William Waller and the Parliamentarian army fail to capture King Charles 06 29 1644 Cropredy Bridge 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians defeat the Royalists decisively killing 4,000 and taking 1,500 prisoners 07 02 1644 Marston Moor 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
The Royalists surrender York after the defeat at Marston Moor 07 16 1644 York
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
Inchiquin abandons the Royalist cause and declares for Parliament 07 17 1644 Irish Confederate Wars
Standoff between Monro's Parliamentarians and the Confederates of Owen O'Neill and the Earl of Castlehaven 07 1644 County Meath Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians track and defeat the Royalists on a recruitment trip in Lancashire 08 20 1644 Ormskirk 1st English
Civil War
King Charles corners and defeats the Earl of Essex and the Parliamentarians in Cornwall 08 21 1644 Lostwithiel 1st English
Civil War
Scottish Royalists attempting to start a revolution defeat a Scot government force 09 01 1644 Tippermuir 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
Lord Byron and the Royalists siege Montgomery Castle in Wales 09 08 1644 09 18 1644 Montgomery
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Scottish Royalists defeat a Scot government force and sack Aberdeen; the city is abandoned to the Covenanters 09 13 1644 Aberdeen 2nd 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
The Parliamentarians defeat Lord Byron and break the siege of Montgomery Castle in Wales 09 18 1644 Montgomery
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians begin a prolonged siege of Chester in Cheshire 09 20 1644 02 03 1646 Chester
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalists siege Taunton in Somerset 09 23 1644 12 14 1644 Taunton 1st
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians siege Carlisle in Cumbria 10 1644 06 25 1645 Carlisle
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
The Parliamentarians successfully block King Charles from advancing on London 10 27 1644 Newbury 2nd 1st English
Civil War
The Royalists at Newcastle accept terms after a prolonged siege by the Scot Covenanters 10 27 1644 Newcastle 1st
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
The Parliamentarians end the siege of Basing House for a second time 11 15 1644 Basing House 2nd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Cessation of Arms is renewed 12 01 1644 Irish Confederate Wars
Colonel Rawstorne and the Royalists surrender Lathom House in Lancashire 12 02 1644 Lathom House 2nd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalists end the siege of Taunton in Somerset 12 14 1644 Taunton 1st
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Inchiquin enters into a short truce with the Confederates 12 1644 04 10 1645 Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians siege Newark 01 1645 02 1645 Newark 2nd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Scottish Royalists defeat a Scot government force at Inverlochy 02 02 1645 Inverlochy 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
The Parliamentarians end the siege of Newark 02 1645 Newark 2nd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians begin a prolonged siege of a Royalist manor 02 1645 03 28 1646 High Ercall Hall
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalists capture the port of Weymouth in Dorset 02 09 1645 Weymouth 1st 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians siege Scarborough Castle in Yorkshire 02 18 1645 07 25 1645 Scarborough Castle
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians recapture Weymouth in Dorset 02 27 1645 Weymouth 2nd 1st English
Civil War
The Royalists siege Taunton in Somerset for the second time 03 11 1645 05 10 1645 Taunton 2nd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Thomas Preston and the Irish Confederates capture Duncannon from English Parliamentarians 03 18 1645 Duncannon Irish Confederate Wars
The truce between Inchiquin and the Confederates ends 04 10 1645 Irish Confederate Wars
Scottish Royalists defeat a Scot government force in the highlands 05 09 1645 Auldearn 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
The Royalists end the second siege of Taunton in Somerset 05 10 1645 Taunton 2nd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Royalists siege Taunton in Somerset for the third time 05 12 1645 07 09 1645 Taunton 3rd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians siege Oxford in an attempt to capture King Charles 05 22 1645 06 05 1645 Oxford 2nd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
King Charles captures Leicester but incurs heavy losses 05 30 1645 Leicester 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians end the siege of Oxford 06 05 1645 Oxford 2nd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Sir Fairfax, Oliver Cromwell and the Parliamentarians decimate King Charles and the Royalists 06 14 1645 Naseby 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians capture Carlisle in Cumbria after a siege 06 25 1645 Carlisle
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
Scottish Royalists defeat pursuing Scot government forces 07 02 1645 Alford 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
The Parliamentarians siege Lathom House in Lancashire 07 1645 12 02 1645 Lathom House 2nd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians and Laggan Army led by Charles Coote capture Sligo 07 08 1645 Sligo 1st Irish Confederate Wars
The Royalists end the third siege of Taunton in Somerset 07 09 1645 Taunton 3rd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Sir Fairfax, Oliver Cromwell, and the Parliamentarians defeat the Royalist army in the West 07 10 1645 Langport 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians capture Scarborough Castle in Yorkshire 07 25 1645 Scarborough Castle
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Scottish Royalists defeat a Scot government force led by William Baillie 08 15 1645 Kilsyth 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
Prince Rupert surrenders the important city and port of Bristol to the Parliamentarians 08 23 1645 09 10 1645 Bristol 2nd 1st English
Civil War
Sir David Leslie and the Covenanters defeat the Scottish Royalists 09 13 1645 Philiphaugh 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
King Charles' cavalry gets surrounded and defeated while attempting to end the siege of Chester in Cheshire 09 24 1645 Rowton Heath 1st English
Civil War
Papal Nuncio Rinuccini arrives at Kenmare 10 11 1645 Irish Confederate Wars
Cromwell attacks, loots and burns down Basing House slaughtering the defenders 10 12 1645 10 14 1645 Basing House 3rd 1st English
Civil War
The Irish Connaught Army fails to capture Sligo from the Parliamentarians; the Archbishop of Tuam is killed 10 17 1645 Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians quash a Royalist effort to relieve Chester 11 01 1645 Denbigh Green 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians siege Newark 11 1645 05 1646 Newark 3rd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Plymouth is no longer blockaded as the war ends 01 1646 Plymouth
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians and Cromwell conduct a preemptive attack on the Royalists in Devon 01 09 1646 Bovey Heath 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians capture Chester in Cheshire after a 16 month siege 02 03 1646 Chester
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians confront and defeat Royalists in Devon 02 16 1646 Torrington 1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians intercept and defeat Royalist recruits on their way to Oxford 03 21 1646 Stow-on-the-Wold 1st English
Civil War
The Confederate Supreme Council signs a peace treaty (First Ormond Peace Treaty) with Ormond and the Royalists 03 28 1646 Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians capture a fortified manor after a long siege 03 28 1646 High Ercall Hall
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians siege Oxford 05 01 1646 06 25 1646 Oxford 3rd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
King Charles orders the town to surrender when the war ends 05 1646 Newark 3rd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
Charles I surrenders to the Scottish Army - The First English Civil War ends 05 05 1646 1st English
Civil War
The Marquis of Huntly captures Aberdeen from the Covenanters for King Charles 05 14 1646 Aberdeen 3rd 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
Alasdair Mac Colla leads Clan Campbell in a victory over Clan MacDonald 05 1646 Lagganmore 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
The Parliamentarians siege Worcester 05 21 1646 07 23 1646 Worcester 2nd
(Siege Starts)
1st English
Civil War
Owen O'Neill defeats Robert Munro's Parliamentarian forces 06 05 1646 Benburb Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians take possession of Oxford 06 25 1646 Oxford 3rd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
General Preston and the Confederates defeat the Parliamentarians and captures Roscommon Castle 07 10 1646 Roscommon Castle Irish Confederate Wars
General Preston and the Confederates defeats the Parliamentarians and captures Bunratty Castle 07 12 1646 Bunratty Castle Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians take possession of Worcester 07 23 1646 Worcester 2nd
(Siege Ends)
1st English
Civil War
The Ormond Peace is proclaimed in Dublin 07 30 1646 Irish Confederate Wars
Archbishop Rinuccini denounces the Ormond Peace 08 12 1646 Irish Confederate Wars
Rinuccini pronounces a sentence of excommunication on all those who support the Ormond Peace 09 02 1646 Irish Confederate Wars
Rinuccini and the Confederate military ousts the Confederate Supreme Council 09 15 1646 Irish Confederate Wars
Rinuccini and the Catholic clergy appoint a new Supreme Council at Kilkenny 09 26 1646 Irish Confederate Wars
Owen O'Neill and Thomas Preston siege Royalist Dublin under the command of Ormond 09 27 1646 11 15 1646 Dublin 3rd
(Siege Starts)
Irish Confederate Wars
The Confederate siege of Dublin under the command of Ormond and the Royalists ends 11 15 1646 Dublin 3rd
(Siege Ends)
Irish Confederate Wars
Parliament enacts an ordinance to void the Cessation of Arms 12 14 1646 Irish Confederate Wars
Sir David Leslie and the Covenanters hunt down and defeat Alasdair Mac Colla 05 24 1647 Rhunahaorine Moss 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
Sir David Leslie and the Covenanters attack then slaughter 300 MacDougall Highlanders 06 1647 Dunaverty 1st English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
Ormond hands Dublin over to Michael Jones and the Parliament Army 07 28 1647 Dublin 4th Irish Confederate Wars
Parliamentarians decimate Thomas Preston's Confederate Leinster army in the field 08 08 1647 Dungan's Hill Irish Confederate Wars
Inchiquin captures and then sacks the Confederates at the Rock of Cashel 09 15 1647 Cashel Irish Confederate Wars
The Laggan Army refuses to muster to support Coote in an offensive against the Confederates in Connacht 11 1647 Irish Confederate Wars
Inchiquin decimates the Confederate forces commanded by Viscount Taaffe at Knocknanuss 11 13 1647 Knocknanuss Irish Confederate Wars
Charles I signs the Engagement Agreement with the Scots 12 26 1647 Irish Confederate Wars
Inchiquin declares for King Charles and joins the Royalist efforts 04 03 1648 Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians put down a revolt of former soldiers 05 08 1648 St. Fagans 2nd English
Civil War
The Confederate Council signs the Treaty of Dungarvan with Inchiquin 05 20 1648 Irish Confederate Wars
Oliver Cromwell sieges rebellious Parliamentarian soldiers at Pembroke Castle in Wales 05 31 1648 07 11 1648 Pembroke
(Siege Starts)
2nd English
Civil War
Sir Thomas Fairfax puts down a Royalist partisan revolt in Kent 06 01 1648 Maidstone 2nd English
Civil War
Colonel George Twisleton and the Parliamentarians put down a Royalist revolt in North Wales 06 05 1648 Y Dalar Hir 2nd English
Civil War
Owen O'Neill declares war on the Confederate Council and leads an army against Kilkenny 06 11 1648 Irish Confederate Wars
Royalists partisans take refuge in Colchester; Parliamentarians siege the town 06 12 1648 08 28 1648 Colchester
(Siege Starts)
2nd English
Civil War
The Engagers and the Kirk Party fight an inconclusive battle in Scotland 06 12 1648 Mauchline Muir Scotland - Civil Issues
Owen O'Neill pillages Leinster and harasses the Confederates and Protestants 06 1648 09 1648 Irish Confederate Wars
Oliver Cromwell successfully captures rebellious Parliamentarian soldiers at Pembroke Castle in Wales 07 11 1648 Pembroke
(Siege Ends)
2nd English
Civil War
The Parliamentarians defeat the Scottish "Engagers" at Preston in England 08 17 1648 08 19 1648 Preston 2nd English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
The Parliamentarians move to eliminate any with Royalists leanings in Ireland 08 1648 Irish Confederate Wars
Royalists partisans surrender Colchester to the Parliamentarians after the defeat of the Royalists at Preston 08 28 1648 Colchester
(Siege Ends)
2nd English
Civil War
The pillage of Leinster by Owen O'Neill ends 09 1648 Irish Confederate Wars
Supporters of the Kirk Party march on Edinburgh and capture the city 09 1648 Whiggamore Raid Scotland - Civil Issues
The Engagers defeat the Kirk Party at a battle in Scotland 09 12 1648 Stirling Scotland - Civil Issues
Monck commands a Parliamentarian Army and takes Belfast from the Royalists 09 1648 Belfast 3rd Irish Confederate Wars
Monck commands a Parliamentarian Army and takes Carrickfergus from the Royalists 09 1648 Carrickfergus 1st Irish Confederate Wars
Coote and the Parliamentarians take Londonderry from the Laggan Army 12 1648 Londonderry 1st Irish Confederate Wars
Ormond and the Royalists ally with Inchiquin and the Confederate Council against the Parliamentarians 01 17 1649 Irish Confederate Wars
King Charles I is executed 01 30 1649 2nd English
Civil War
Royalist clans in northern Scotland occupy Inverness for a short while 02 22 1649 Inverness 1st Scotland - Civil Issues
Rinuccini leaves Ireland 02 23 1649 Irish Confederate Wars
The Laggan Army sieges the Parliamentarians in Londonderry 03 28 1649 08 07 1649 Londonderry 2nd
(Siege Starts)
Irish Confederate Wars
Owen O'Neill and the Parliamentarians agree to an armistice to fight the Royalists 05 1649 Irish Confederate Wars
England becomes a Commonwealth 05 19 1649 2nd English
Civil War
Confederate and Irish Royalists siege Dublin held by Michael Jones and the Parliamentarians 06 19 1649 08 02 1649 Dublin 5th
(Siege Starts)
Irish Confederate Wars
The Scots join the Laggan Army and use their artillery to block resupply of Londonderry by mean of the River Foyle 07 1649 Londonderry 2nd
(Siege Continues)
Irish Confederate Wars
The Marquis of Clanricarde and the Royalists capture Sligo in Connacht 07 09 1649 Sligo 2nd Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians surrender Drogheda to Inchiquin and the Royalists 07 11 1649 Drogheda 2nd Irish Confederate Wars
The Parliamentarians surrender Dundalk to Inchiquin and the Royalists 07 24 1649 Dundalk Irish Confederate Wars
Confederate and Irish Royalists end the siege of Dublin when the Parliamentarians decimate Ormond at Rathmines 08 02 1649 Dublin 5th
(Siege Ends)
Irish Confederate Wars
Michael Jones and the Parliamentarians decimates Ormond and the Confederates near Dublin 08 02 1649 Dublin 6th (Rathmines) Irish Confederate Wars
Owen O'Neill relieves Londonderry from siege by the Laggan Army and the Scots 08 07 1649 Londonderry 2nd
(Siege Ends)
Irish Confederate Wars
Cromwell's army arrives in Dublin 08 15 1649 Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell sieges Drogheda 09 03 1649 09 11 1649 Drogheda 3rd
(Siege Starts)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell captures Drogheda and gives little quarter to the inhabitants 09 11 1649 Drogheda 3rd
(Siege Ends)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
The Commonwealth Army led by Venables takes Belfast from Lord Montgomery and the Royalists 10 01 1649 Belfast 4th Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell storms the port of Wexford 10 02 1649 10 11 1649 Wexford
(Siege Starts)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell captures the port of Wexford 10 11 1649 Wexford
(Siege Ends)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell captures New Ross 10 19 1649 New Ross 2nd Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Owen O'Neill agrees to join forces with Ormond against Cromwell 10 20 1649 Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Inchiquin fails to stop Nelson and the Parliamentarians from advancing south 11 01 1649 Arklow Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
The Parliamentarians capture southern ports; Munster rejects Inchiquin and accepts the Parliamentarians 11 1649 Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell sieges the port city of Waterford 11 24 1649 12 02 1649 Waterford 1st
(Siege Starts)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell gives up the siege of the port city of Waterford when winter begins 12 02 1649 Waterford 1st
(Siege Ends)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Parliamentarians advance north and rout the Royalists 12 06 1649 Lisnagarvey Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Parliamentarians take Carrickfergus from the Royalists 12 13 1649 Carrickfergus 2nd Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
The Laggan Army is useless as a fighting force due to divisions within the ranks 1649 Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
The Laggan Army disbands in late 1649 1649 Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Lord Broghill and Henry Cromwell defeat Lord Inchiquin near Cork 03 1650 Mallow Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell sieges Kilkenny 03 22 1650 03 28 1650 Kilkenny
(Siege Starts)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell captures Kilkenny 03 28 1650 Kilkenny
(Siege Ends)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell and the Protestant Royalists enter into a treaty - the Ulster Scots and Laggan Army also accept the treaty 04 26 1650 Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Covenanters clans in far northern Scotland defeat Scottish Royalists 04 27 1650 Carbisdale Scotland - Civil Issues
Cromwell's army begins the siege / attack of Clonmel 04 27 1650 05 18 1650 Clonmel
(Siege Starts)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell's army surrounds Tecroghan Castle and begins a siege of the Confederate stronghold 05 1650 06 25 1650 Tecroghan
(Siege Starts)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
The Parliamentarians decimate a Confederate relief force headed for Clonmel 05 10 1650 Macroom Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell's army takes a beating but takes control of Clonmel after the Royalists escape 05 18 1650 Clonmel
(Siege Ends)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell returns to England; Ireton takes command in Ireland 05 27 1650 Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Castlehaven and the Confederates fail to end the siege of Tecroghan Castle 06 19 1650 Tecroghan
(Siege Continues)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
The Confederate Army of Ulster is crushed by Coote and ceases to be a fighting force 06 21 1650 Scarrifholis Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Sir Robert Talbot surrenders Tecroghan Castle to Cromwell's army 06 25 1650 Tecroghan
(Siege Ends)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Ireton begins a siege and blockade of Waterford 07 1650 08 06 1650 Waterford 2nd
(Siege Starts)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Preston surrenders Waterford to Ireton 08 06 1650 Waterford 2nd
(Siege Ends)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Felim O'Neill surrenders Charlemont to Coote and Venables 08 14 1650 Charlemont 7th Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Cromwell and the English defeat David Leslie and the Scots 09 03 1650 Dunbar 3rd English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
Clanricarde and the Confederate Army of Connacht are decimated by Axtell 10 25 1650 Meelick Island Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Ormond and Inchiquin leave Ireland 12 11 1650 Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Ireton's troops cross the Shannon 06 02 1651 Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
The siege of Limerick is reinstated by Ireton and the Parliamentarians 06 19 1651 10 27 1651 Limerick 2nd
(Siege Starts)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Athlone is surrendered to Coote and the Parliamentarians 06 18 1651 Athlone Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
John Lambert and the English outflank and defeat the Scots 07 20 1651 Inverkeithing 3rd English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
Lord Broghill routs an Irish Confederate relief force led by Muskerry 07 26 1651 Knocknaclashy Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Galway is loosely sieged by Coote after the fall of Athlone 08 1651 05 12 1652 Galway 3rd
(Siege Starts)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
The Parliamentarians fail to hold back Charles II and his Scottish supporters at the River Mersey 08 13 1651 Warrington Bridge 3rd English
Civil War
The English decimate the Earl of Derby and reinforcements for the campaign of Charles II 08 25 1651 Wigan Lane 3rd English
Civil War
The English capture the bridge at Upton helping to facilitate the battle to capture Worcester 08 28 1651 Upton 3rd English
Civil War
George Monck attacks and captures Dundee inflicting great damage on the defenders 08 29 1651 09 01 1651 Dundee 3rd English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
Cromwell defeats Charles II decisively ending the English Civil Wars 09 03 1651 Worcester 3rd 3rd English
Civil War
Scotland in the Wars of Three Kingdoms
Limerick surrenders to Ireton and the Parliamentarians 10 27 1651 Limerick 2nd
(Siege Ends)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Ireton dies of the plague 11 26 1651 Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Galway surrenders after being blockaded / besieged for several months 05 12 1652 Galway 3rd
(Siege Ends)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Clanricarde takes refuge in Ballyshannon 05 16 1652 06 28 1652 Ballyshannon
(Siege Starts)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
Clanricarde surrenders Ballyshannon 06 28 1652 Ballyshannon
(Siege Ends)
Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland
The Scot Highlanders stop an English force from attacking Glencairn's army 02 10 1654 Tullich Glencairn's Rising in Scotland
The Scot Highlanders flee at the onset of the battle - the Highland uprising ends 07 19 1654 Dalnaspidal Glencairn's Rising in Scotland

Sources

edit
  • Bagwell, Richard (1909). Ireland under the Stuarts and under the Interregnum. London: Longmans, Green and Co.
  • Bennett, Martyn (2016). Historical Dictionary of the British and Irish Civil Wars, 1637-1660. Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Carte, Thomas (1851). The Life of James Duke of Ormond. Oxford: Oxford Universary Press.
  • Coffey, Diarmid (1914). O'Neill and Ormond - A Chapter of Irish History. Dublin: Maunsel & Company.
  • "The Eleven Years War 1641-52 – A Brief Overview". The Irish Story. 2020.
  • Gardiner, Samuel R. (1901). History of the Great Civil War, 1642-1649, Vol. I, 1642-1644. Longmans, Green, and Co. ISBN 9780900075209.
  • Gardiner, Samuel R. (1889). History of the Great Civil War, 1642-1649, Vol. II, 1644-1647. Longmans, Green, and Co. ISBN 9780900075209.
  • Gardiner, Samuel R. (1905). History of the Great Civil War, 1642-1649, Vol. III, 1645-1647. Longmans, Green, and Co.
  • Gardiner, Samuel R. (1893). History of the Great Civil War, 1642-1649, Vol. IV, 1647-1649. Longmans, Green, and Co.
  • Hardiman, James (1820). The History of the Town and Country of the Town of Galway. Dublin: W. Folds and Sons.
  • "Ireland's Wars". Never Felt Better. 20 June 2012. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
  • McKenny, Kevin (2005). The Laggan Army in Ireland, 1640-1685: The Landed Interests, Political Ideologies and Military Campaigns of the North-West Ulster Settlers. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
  • Plant, David. "Various and Sundry". BCW Project. David Plant. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
  • Scott, David (2003). Politics and War in the Three Stuart Kingdoms, 1637-1649. Macmillan International Higher Education. ISBN 9781137207098.
  • "Various and Sundry". BHO British History Online. University of London. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
  • "Various and Sundry". Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
  • "Various and Sundry". Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
  • Wood-Martin, William Gregory. History of Sligo, County and Town: From the accession of James I. to the Revolution of 1688. Hodges, Figgis and Company.