The Tobol (Russian: Тобол, Kazakh: Тобыл Tobyl, Siberian Tatar: Тубыл Tubyl) is a river in Western Siberia (in Kazakhstan and Russia) and the main (left) tributary of the Irtysh. Its length is 1,591 km (989 mi), and the area of its drainage basin is 426,000 km2 (164,000 sq mi).[1]

Tobol
Confluence of Irtysh and Tobol in Tobolsk in 1912
Map of the Tobol watershed
Tobol is located in Russia
Tobol
Location of mouth
Location
CountryRussia, Kazakhstan
Physical characteristics
SourceTurgay Plateau
 • locationKairakty, Russia
 • coordinates51°28′01″N 61°00′29″E / 51.467°N 61.008°E / 51.467; 61.008
 • elevation271 m (889 ft)
MouthIrtysh
 • location
Tobolsk, Russia
 • coordinates
58°09′14″N 68°12′55″E / 58.1539°N 68.2153°E / 58.1539; 68.2153
 • elevation
32 m (105 ft)
Length1,591 km (989 mi)
Basin size426,000 km2 (164,000 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • average805 cubic metres per second (28,400 cu ft/s)
Basin features
ProgressionIrtyshObKara Sea
River systemOb

History

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The Tobol River was one of the four important rivers of the Siberia Khanate. In 1428 the khan was killed in a battle with the forces of Abu'l-Khayr Khan at the Battle of Tobol.[2]

In the 16th century, the Tobol was the eastern terminus of the portage route leading westward to the rivers Vishera and Kama.

Cities and towns on the Tobol

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Main tributaries

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The largest tributaries of the Tobol are, from source to mouth:[1]

References

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  1. ^ a b "Река Тобол in the State Water Register of Russia". textual.ru (in Russian).
  2. ^ Forsyth, James (1992). A History of the Peoples of Siberia: Russia's North Asian Colony, 1581-1990. Cambridge University Press. p. 25. ISBN 0-521-47771-9.