Violante Atabalipa Ximenes de Bivar e Vellasco (December 1, 1817 – May 25, 1875) was a Brazilian feminist, writer and newspaper owner.
Biography edit
Vellasco was born on December 1, 1817, in São Salvador da Bahia.[1] As a young child, she was provided a good education and lived with her mother and grandfather while her father was in Rio de Janeiro.[1] The family eventually joined her father in Rio de Janeiro.[2] In 1845, Vellasco married a lieutenant, João Antonio Boaventura, who died only a few years after they were married.[2] Vellasco was wealthy and had an independent income and was able to finance her own work.[3][4] She was against women's exclusion from higher education in Brazil.[3]
Vellasco served as the editor and patron of O Jornal das Senhoras, a feminist magazine created in 1852 and first edited by Joana Paula Manso de Noronha.[5][6] O Jornal das Senhoras covered the positive qualities of women, advocated for women's education and covered other topics of interest to women.[5] Another editor of the journal, with Vellasco, was Gervasia Nunenzia Pires dos Santos.[7] The journal continued until December 1855.[5] She also translated literary works.[2] She later published another journal, O Domingo, in 1874,[8] which defended and discussed the rights of women in Brazil.[9][10]
On May 25, 1875, Vellasco died in Rio de Janeiro.[11][12]
Vellasco was a member of the Imperial Council in Brazil and the founder and director of the Brazilian Dramatic Conservatory in Rio de Janeiro.[13]
References edit
Citations edit
- ^ a b Macedo 1876, p. 97.
- ^ a b c Macedo 1876, p. 98.
- ^ a b Hahner 1978, p. 265.
- ^ Hahner 1978, p. 267.
- ^ a b c Hahner 1978, p. 260.
- ^ Hahner 1978, p. 257.
- ^ Pinto, Magdalena Garcia (1997). "Feminism". In Smith, Verity (ed.). Encyclopedia of Latin American Literature. London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. pp. 557. ISBN 0203304365.
- ^ Uglow, Jennifer (1991-06-27). Macmillan Dictionary of Women's Biography. Springer. p. 406. ISBN 9781349127047.
- ^ Hahner 1978, p. 264.
- ^ Hahner 1990, p. 31.
- ^ Hahner 1978, p. 268.
- ^ Macedo 1876, p. 99.
- ^ Hahner 1990, p. 29.
Sources edit
- Hahner, June E. (1978). "Feminist Press in Brazil". In Asunción, Lavrin (ed.). Latin American Women: Historical Perspectives. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9780313203091.
- Hahner, June Edith (1990). Emancipating the Female Sex: The Struggle for Women's Rights in Brazil, 1850-1940. Duke University Press. ISBN 0822310511.
- Macedo, Joaquim Manuel de (1876). Brazilian Biographical Annual. Vol. 2. Rio de Janeiro: Imperial Instituto Artistico.