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T. rex was 12 meters, not 13 meters. A 13 meter T. rex is too large.

T.rex size underestimated.

T.rex did reach 13 meters. Saying that it would be "too large" is ridiculous. "Scotty' and "Sue" both reached 13 meters. Not to mention, T.rex is the heaviest theropod of all time so reaching 13 m is not impossible. Other theropods were definitely below 13 meters and have been overestimated, especially Giganotosaurus, Carcharodontosaurus, and Spinosaurus. They're based on fragmentary skeletons, although the Giganotosaurus holotype is relatively more complete. A more accurate size range for Giganotosaurus (MUCPv-Ch 1) is 39 feet (12.0 meters). Based on Calvo (1999), I got 128 cm for the femur, but some other measurements are up to 132 cm (Benson et al., 2014). 143 cm is a complete overestimate. MUCPv-95 is 3% longer not 8%, which would make it 41 feet (12.4 meters) long. Carcharodontosaurus is 39 feet (12.0 meters) long, based on the largest skull which is similar in length to MUCPv-Ch 1's. Spinosaurus is 31 feet (9.5 meters), based on the holotype's 120-cm mandible (Stromer, 1915). MSNM V4047 isn't placed as Spinosaurus anymore, so the holotype specimen is now the largest specimen of Spinosaurus (Lakin and Longrich, 2018). It's safer to say that T.rex grew bigger and heavier than the other species of theropods because we have more skeletons that are relatively more complete. "Sue's" femur is 137 cm and her fibula is 119 cm. "Scotty's' fibula is 120 cm. Based on femur length, "Sue" is 43 feet (13.1 meters) compared to "Stan's" 130-cm femur and 12.2-meter body length. Based on fibula length, "Scotty" is 13.2 meters compared to "Sue's" fibula length.

Calvo (1999) Benson et al., (2014) Stromer (1915) Lakin and Longrich (2018)

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