This is a list of instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number, covering those instruments that are classified under 321.312 under that system. These instruments may be known as spike box lutes or spike guitars.
- 3: Instruments in which sound is produced by one or more vibrating strings (chordophones, string instruments)
- 32: Instruments in which the resonator and string bearer are physically united and can not be separated without destroying the instrument
- 321: Instruments in which the strings run in a plane parallel to the sound table
- 321.3: Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle (handle lutes)
- 321.31: Instruments in which the handle passes diametrically through the resonator (spike lutes)
- 321.312: Instruments in which the resonator is built up from wood (spike box lutes, spike guitars)
- 321.31: Instruments in which the handle passes diametrically through the resonator (spike lutes)
- 321.3: Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle (handle lutes)
- 321: Instruments in which the strings run in a plane parallel to the sound table
- 32: Instruments in which the resonator and string bearer are physically united and can not be separated without destroying the instrument
These instruments may be classified with a suffix, based on how the strings are caused to vibrate.
- 4: Hammers or beaters
- 5: Bare hands and fingers
- 6: Plectrum
- 7: Bowing
- 71: Using a bow
- 72: Using a wheel
- 73: Using a ribbon
- 8: Keyboard
- 9: Using a mechanical drive
| Instrument | Tradition | Hornbostel–Sachs classification | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
gusle[1] [2] [3]
|
Serbia, Montenegro and elsewhere in the former Yugoslavia | 321.312 | Stringed instrument, round, typically with one string bound at the top of the neck with a tuning peg ⓘ |
| kemenche[4] [5] |
The Black Sea area | 321.312 | Spike lute |
| rubab[6] [7] rabab 
|
Afghanistan and neighboring areas | 321.312-6 | Short-necked three-stringed lute with sympathetic and drone strings, fretted and plucked with a plectrum, with a double-chambered body, the lower part of which is covered in skin, and with three main strings
|
References edit
- ^ "'Spinning Out of Control': Rhetoric and Violent Conflict" (PDF). June 1, 2006. p. 4. Retrieved December 21, 2007.
- ^ "Montenegrin Music". Visit Montenegro. Retrieved December 21, 2007.
- ^ Lord, Albert B. (1936). "Homer and Huso I: The Singer's Rests in Greek and Southslavic Heroic Song". Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. 67: 106–113. doi:10.2307/283230. JSTOR 283230.
- ^ Doubleday, Veronica (2000). "Afghanistan: Red Light at the Crossroads". In Broughton, Simon and Mark Ellingham with James McConnachie and Orla Duane (Eds.) (ed.). World Music: The Rough Guide. Rough Guides. pp. 3–7. ISBN 1858286360.
Afghans have a special feeling for the rubab, describing it as the 'lion' of instruments and their 'national instrument'.
- ^ ARC music. "Glossary of Folk Instruments". Hobgoblin Music. Retrieved December 17, 2007.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Doubleday, Veronica (2000). "Afghanistan: Red Light at the Crossroads". In Broughton, Simon and Mark Ellingham with James McConnachie and Orla Duane (Eds.) (ed.). World Music: The Rough Guide. Rough Guides. pp. 3–7. ISBN 1858286360.
Afghans have a special feeling for the rubab, describing it as the 'lion' of instruments and their 'national instrument'.
- ^ ARC music. "Glossary of Folk Instruments". Hobgoblin Music. Retrieved December 17, 2007.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)