Background edit
Video games are a large part of today's society and are played by all ages. The default controllers that are provided with the different game platforms have been designed very ergonomically and efficiently for the common person. However, with the default controller configurations, there are many people with disabilities that are not able to use the controller as designed. Therefore, there is a need for controllers with a different configuration that allows people with disabilities to still be able to play games. It is impossible to adapt controller configurations to everyone, so it is necessary to configure controllers specifically to a person's ability.
Ability Switches edit
For person's with disabilities that cannot control normal buttons, ability switches can be used to control various devices from computers to controllers to toys. These can include the Sip-and-puff, large button switches, and other options.
For a good article on how to modify the Wii remote to add external buttons for persons with disabilities, check out the Instructables article Wiimote Modification for Persons with Disabilities
Limited Hand/Finger Movement edit
There are a number of options available for those with limited hand or finger mobility. One option would be adding ability switches to the default controllers. These switches could be large button pads that are separate in place of the bumper and trigger buttons if the person is unable to use those. Joystick extensions are available too if the person is not able to control as well with just their thumbs.
If the individual is not able to use the conventional controller due to the configuration and small buttons due to limited hand mobility could use the Ultimate Arcade 2 controller by Broadened Horizons. This controller is extremely versatile and is programmable and can be used across many different gaming consoles. It provides the user with large joysticks and buttons for easier usage.
For the Wii, there are a couple of different adaptive options. If someone is not able to hold a controller, they can use a forearm strap. The strap would allow them to control the Wii remote if they do not have any hand grip strength. Another option would be to mount the Wii remote to a hat in order to control it by head movement if they have good control of their head.
Quadriplegic Options edit
For people with quadriplegia where they have limited or no function of their arms, there are a couple of options. One option is from QuadStick that has a controller operated solely by the mouth. They have a joystick combined with multiple sip-and-puff inputs allowing the user to play games on computers, game consoles, and android devices. The QuadStick is also able to be used with PS4, Xbox 360, and Xbox One if you get a CronusMax adaptor.
Another option is a Head Gamer Sip-n-Puff Mouth Joystick Game Controller from Broadened Horizons, who specialize on providing accessibility solutions to those with physical disabilities. Their system includes two joysticks with integrated sip-and-puffs, four chin buttons, and other features. Their system is fully programmable and can be used on all popular game consoles.