William Frederick Allen (1846-1915)[1]
Further reading edit
- Bartky, I. R. (1989). The adoption of standard time. Technology and Culture, 30(1), 25-56.
- Johnson, S. (2015). How we got to now: Six innovations that made the modern world. Riverhead books. Standardized time is discussed in Chapter 5.
- Russell, A. L. (2009). " Industrial Legislatures": Consensus Standardization in the Second and Third Industrial Revolutions. Enterprise & Society, 10(4), 661-674.
- Galison, P. (2004). Einstein's clocks, Poincaré's maps: empires of time. WW Norton & Company.
- Gkeredakis, E. (2014). The constitutive role of conventions in accomplishing coordination: insights from a complex contract award project. Organization Studies, 35(10), 1473-1505.
- Matusitz, J. (2009). The impact of the railroad on American society: a communication perspective of technology. PASOS Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 7(3), 451-460. Accessed on March 10, 2021.
- McCrossen, A. (2007). “Conventions of Simultaneity” Time Standards, Public Clocks, and Nationalism in American Cities and Towns, 1871-1905. Journal of Urban History, 33(2), 217-253.
- Stephens, C. (1989). " The Most Reliable Time": William Bond, the New England Railroads, and Time Awareness in 19th-Century America. Technology and Culture, 30(1), 1-24. Access
Alfred Noble (August 7, 1844 - April 19, 1914) was an American civil engineer who was best known for his work on canals, particularly the Soo Locks between the Great Lakes of Huron and Superior, and the Panama Canal. Noble graduated with his University of Michigan class in June 1870, receiving his degree in civil engineering at age 26. After graduation, Noble went to work full-time on harbor surveys and improvements along the shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Huron.[2][3][4]
He was chief engineer for the Pennsylvania Railroad's New York City East River projects, which built tunnels carrying four lanes of track between Manhattan and Queens. Amtrak, the Long Island Railroad, and New Jersey Transit continue to run trains through these tunnels well into their second century of use.[5]
He was president of the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1901. [6]
References edit
- ^ Anon. "William Frederick Allen papers". THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY ARCHIVES & MANUSCRIPTS. New York Public Library. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
- ^ "Alfred Noble Papers at the Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan". quod.lib.umich.edu. Retrieved 2017-04-28.
- ^ Weingardt, Richard G. "Alfred Noble: Special Consultant to Presidents and Governments (ASCE Biography)". Leadership and Management in Engineering. 13 (4). American Society of Civil Engineers: 282–289. doi:10.1061/(asce)lm.1943-5630.0000247.
- ^ McCullough, David (1977). The Path Between the Seas. New York: Simon & Schuster Paperbacks. ISBN 978-0671-24409-5.
- ^ Brace, James (1912). "The East River Division". In Couper, William (ed.). History of the Engineering Construction and Equipment of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company's New York Terminal and Approaches. New York: Isaac H. Blanchard Co. p. 79.
- ^ American Society of Civil Engineers., International Engineering Congress St. Louis, M., International Engineering Congress Chicago, I. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers. v.58 June 1907. page 524.
Category:American civil engineers Category:University of Michigan College of Engineering alumni Category:1834 births Category:1906 deaths
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