| Unvoiced | Voiced | Nasal | Approximant | Sibilant | Fricative | Other | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inaspirate | Aspirated | Inaspirate | Aspirate | ||||||
| velar | ක ka IPA: [ka] śuddha
|
ඛ kha IPA: [ka]
|
ග ga IPA: [ga] śuddha
|
ඝ gha IPA: [ga]
|
ඞ ṅa IPA: [ŋa]
|
හ ha IPA: [ɦa] śuddha
|
|||
| palatal | ච ca IPA: [tʃa] śuddha [note 1]
|
ඡ cha IPA: [tʃa]
|
ජ ja IPA: [dʒa] śuddha
|
ඣ jha IPA: [dʒa]
|
ඤ ñ IPA: [ɲa]
|
ය ya IPA: [ja] śuddha
|
ශ śa IPA: [ʃa]
|
ඥ jña IPA: [d͡ʒɲa]
| |
| retroflex | ඨ ṭha IPA: [ʈa] śuddha
|
ට ṭha IPA: [ʈa]
|
ඩ ḍha IPA: [ɖa] śuddha
|
ඪ ḍha IPA: [ɖa]
|
න ṇa IPA: [ɳa] śuddha
|
ල la IPA: [la] śuddha
|
ෂ ṣa IPA: [ʃa]
|
ළ ḷa IPA: [ɭa] śuddha [note 2]
| |
| dental | ඨ ta IPA: [ta] śuddha
|
ත tha IPA: [ta]
|
ද da IPA: [da] śuddha
|
ධ dha IPA: [da]
|
න na IPA: [na] śuddha
|
ර ra IPA: [ra] śuddha
|
ස sa IPA: [sa] śuddha
|
ද n̆ja IPA: [nd͡ʒa]
| |
| labial | ප pa IPA: [pa] śuddha
|
ඵ pha IPA: [pa]
|
බ ba IPA: [ba] śuddha
|
භ bha IPA: [ba]
|
ම ma IPA: [ma] śuddha
|
ව va IPA: [ʋa] śuddha
|
ෆ fa IPA: [f]
|
||
- ^ The voiceless affricate (ච [t͡ʃa]) is not included in the śuddha set by purists since it does not occur in the main text of the Sidatsan̆garā. The Sidatsan̆garā does use it in examples though, so this sound did exist in Eḷu. In any case, it is needed for the representation of modern Sinhala.[2]
- ^ The retroflex sounds /ɭ/ and /ɳ/, are not phonemic in modern Sinhala, but the letters ⟨ළ⟩ and ⟨න⟩ are still included in the śuddha set.
- ^ This letter is not used anywhere, neither in modern nor ancient Sinhala. Its usefulness is unclear, but it forms part of the standard alphabet.[3]
- ^ "Saurashtra language and alphabet". www.omniglot.com. Simon Ager. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- ^ Gair & Paolillo (1997).
- ^ "Unicode Technical Report Number 2". unicode.org. Retrieved 2 June 2024.