| Mr. Ibrahem/Korsakoff syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome (AKS),[1] Korsakoff's amnesic syndrome,[2] Korsakov syndrome, alcohol amnestic disorder |
 | |
| Thiamine | |
| Specialty | Psychiatry |
| Duration | Long-term[2] |
| Causes | Thiamine deficiency (vitamin B1)[2] |
| Risk factors | Alcoholism, malnutrition, eating disorder, chemotherapy, long term vomiting[2] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms after ruling out other possible cases[3] |
| Differential diagnosis | Head injury, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, intoxication, seizure[3] |
| Treatment | Thiamine, memory rehabilitation, institutionalization[3] |
| Frequency | <2%[3] |
Korsakoff syndrome (KS) is a disorder characterized by memory loss, tremor, disorientation, decreased inhibition, and vision problems.[2][3] This may result in the classic presentation of confabulation, were memory gaps are replaced with untrue information.[3] It is generally a long term, often permanent disorder.[2][3]
It occurs due to deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1), often due to alcoholism, though other causes may also result in the condition.[2][3] The underlying mechanism involves damage to cells in the brain and spinal cord.[2] It is part of a spectrum of disease known as Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, together with Wernicke encephalopathy.[2] Diagnosis is based on symptoms after ruling out other causes.[3]
Treatment is initially with thiamine.[3] Electrolytes may also require replacement.[3] Long term measures may include memory rehabilitation and institutionalization.[3] Korsakoff syndrome occurs in about 80% of people with Wernicke encephalopathy that goes untreated.[4] Less than 2% of people are affected.[3] It is named after Sergei Korsakoff, a Russian neuropsychiatrist who described it in the late 19th century.[5]
References edit
- ^ "Korsakoff Syndrome - MeSH - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 2022-02-19. Retrieved 2021-12-20.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome Information Page | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke". www.ninds.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 14 January 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Covell, Timothy; Siddiqui, Waquar (2022). "Korsakoff Syndrome". StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ^ "Korsakoff Psychosis - Special Subjects". Merck Manuals Professional Edition. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ^ Vein, Alla (2009). "Sergey Sergeevich Korsakov (1854–1900)". J Neurol. 256 (10): 1782–3. doi:10.1007/s00415-009-5289-x. PMC 2758215. PMID 19690905.