| fifth disease | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Erythema infectiosum, human erythrovirus infection, slapped cheek syndrome, slapcheek, slap face, slapped face[1][2][3] |
 | |
| 16-month-old with the typical rash | |
| Specialty | Infectious disease |
| Symptoms | Fever, rash, runny nose[4][5] |
| Complications | Aplastic anemia, pain in multiple joints, hydrops fetalis[4] |
| Usual onset | 5 to 15 years old[4] |
| Duration | 6 weeks[3] |
| Causes | Parvovirus B19[4] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms[3] |
| Differential diagnosis | Measles, rubella, roseola, scarlet fever[4] |
| Medication | Paracetamol (acetaminophen), NSAIDs[4] |
| Frequency | Common[3] |
Fifth disease, also known as erythema infectiosum, is a type of viral infection that most commonly occurs in children.[4] The most common symptoms are a low grade fever and rash.[4] Other symptoms may include joint pain, diarrhea, runny nose, vomiting, and headache.[4][5] The rash generally starts in the latter part of the infection, involves the cheeks and spreads to chest and arms.[4] Complications may include aplastic anemia, pain in multiple joints, and during pregnancy hydrops fetalis.[4]
It is caused by infection by parvovirus B19.[6] It is typically spread via the respiratory route, though may also spread from mother to child during pregnancy and via blood transfusions.[4] Diagnosis is usually based on the symptoms, though it may be confirmed with blood tests.[3]
Treatment is symptomatic and supportive which may include paracetamol (acetaminophen) and NSAIDs.[4] It is common and typically occurs in those between the ages of 5 and 15.[4][3] Early descriptions of the disease data from at least 1889 by Tschamer and maybe as early as 1799 by Robert Willan.[7][8] In 1905 it was classified as the "fifth rash disease" in the standard list of rash-causing childhood diseases.[8][5]
References edit
- ^ Sabella C, Goldfarb J (October 1999). "Parvovirus B19 infections". Am Fam Physician. 60 (5): 1455–60. PMID 10524489. Retrieved 2009-11-06.
- ^ Servey JT, Reamy BV, Hodge J (February 2007). "Clinical presentations of parvovirus B19 infection". Am Fam Physician. 75 (3): 373–6. PMID 17304869. Retrieved 2009-11-06.
- ^ a b c d e f "Erythema infectiosum | DermNet NZ". dermnetnz.org. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Kostolansky, S; Waymack, JR (January 2020). "Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)". PMID 30020681.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c "Parvovirus B19 | About Fifth Disease | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
- ^ Weir E (March 2005). "Parvovirus B19 infection: fifth disease and more". CMAJ. 172 (6): 743. doi:10.1503/cmaj.045293. PMC 552884. PMID 15767606.
- ^ Morens, David M. (6 August 1982). "Fifth Disease: Still Hazy After All These Years". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 248 (5): 553. doi:10.1001/jama.1982.03330050035026.
- ^ a b Zuckerman, Arie J.; Banatvala, Jangu E.; Pattison, John R.; Griffiths, Paul; Schoub, Barry (2004). Principles and Practice of Clinical Virology. John Wiley & Sons. p. 710. ISBN 978-0-470-02096-8.