 | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Furamide |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration | by mouth |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
|
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 90% (diloxanide) |
| Metabolism | Hydrolyzed to furoic acid and diloxanide, which undergoes extensive glucuronidation |
| Elimination half-life | 3 hours |
| Excretion | Kidney (90%), fecal (10%) |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C14H11Cl2NO4 |
| Molar mass | 328.15 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Melting point | 112.5 to 114 °C (234.5 to 237.2 °F) |
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Diloxanide is a medication used to treat amoeba infections.[2] In places where infections are not common, it is a second line treatment after paromomycin when a person has no symptoms.[3] For people who are symptomatic, it is used after treatment with metronidazole or tinidazole.[3] It is taken by mouth.[2]
Diloxanide generally has mild side effects.[4] Side effects may include flatulence, vomiting, and itchiness.[2] During pregnancy it is recommended that it be taken after the first trimester.[2] It is a luminal amebicide meaning that it only works on infections within the intestines.[3]
Diloxanide came into medical use in 1956.[4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[5] It is not commercially available in much of the developed world as of 2012.[6]
References edit
- ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
- ^ a b c d World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. pp. 179, 587. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ a b c Farthing, Michael JG (August 2006). "Treatment options for the eradication of intestinal protozoa". Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 3 (8): 436–445. doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep0557. PMID 16883348.
- ^ a b Hellgren, Urban; Ericsson, Orjan; AdenAbdi, Yakoub; Gustafsson, Lars L. (2003). Handbook of Drugs for Tropical Parasitic Infections. CRC Press. p. 57. ISBN 9780203211519. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ Griffin, Paul M (2012). "Chapter 181: Diloxanide furoate". In Grayson, M. Lindsay (ed.). Kucers' the use of antibiotics a clinical review of antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiviral drugs (6th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 2121. ISBN 9781444147520. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10.