Tagalog, Pilipino, Filipino
Part 1 edit
http://www.quezon.ph/wp-content/uploads/2007/05/mlq-speech-national-language-1.pdf
“ | It is unnecessary for me to demonstrate how essential it is for our people to have one language that can be used by all in their daily intercourse. Such language cannot be either English or Spanish, except perhaps, if ever, only after many generations and at a very great cost. We cannot wait that long. We must as soon as possible be able to deal with one another directly using the same language.
Manuel L. Quezon |
” |
http://emanila.com/philippines/2008/04/18/the-vibrancy-of-filipino-as-a-language/
Names edit
- Bikol Central: Repúbliká kan Filipinas
- Cebuano: Repúbliká sa Pilipinas
- Hiligaynon: Repúbliká sg̃ Pilipinas/Repúblika sang Pilipinas
- Ilokano: Repúbliká ti Filipinas
- Kapampangan: Repúbliká ning Filipinas
- Pangasinan: Repúbliká na Filipinas
- Tagalog: Repúbliká ng̃ Pilipinas/Repúblika nang Pilipinas
- Waray-Waray: Repúbliká han Pilipinas
- Zamboangueño: El República de Filipinas
- Kinaray-a: Repúbliká kang Pilipinas
- Maguindanao:
- Maranao: Repábliká a Pilimpinas
- Tausug:
- Arabic: فلبين - نشيد فلبين الوطني (Filibīn - Al-Jumhūriyyah al-Filibīn)
- Spanish: La República de Filipinas
- Mandarin Chinese: 菲律宾 / 菲律賓 - 菲律宾共和国 (Fēilǜbīn - Fēilǜbīn Gònghéguó)
- Spanish-era Tagalog:
- República nang Filipinas
- Repúblicá nang Filipinas
- Repúblicá nang Pilipinas
- Repúblika nang Filipinas
- Repúbliká nang Filipinas
- Repúbliká nang Pilipinas
- República ng̃ Filipinas
- Repúblicá ng̃ Filipinas
- Repúblicá ng̃ Pilipinas
- Repúblika ng̃ Filipinas
- Repúbliká ng̃ Filipinas
- Repúbliká ng̃ Pilipinas
- Translations according to the Congress of the Philippines. (Including names of languages)
- http://www.congress.gov.ph/download/ra_14_trans/
- Bicol: Republika kan Pilipinas - Kongreso kan Pilipinas
- Cebuano: Republika sa Pilipinas - Kongreso sa Pilipinas
- Hiligaynon: Republika sang Pilipinas - Kongreso sang Pilipinas
- Ilocano: Republika ti Filipinas - Kongreso ti Filipinas
- Kapampangan: Republika ning Pilipinas - Kongreso ning Pilipinas
- Maranaw: Repablika a Pilimpinas - Kongreso a Pilimpinas
- Tagalog: Republika ng Pilipinas - Konggreso ng Pilipinas
- Tagalog Baybayin: |ᜇᜒᜉᜓᜎᜒᜃ|ᜈ|ᜉᜒᜎᜒᜉᜒᜈ|| (Repúliká na Pilipina)
- Tagalog Revised Baybayin: |ᜇᜒᜉᜓᜊ᜔ᜎᜒᜃ|ᜈᜅ᜔|ᜉᜒᜎᜒᜉᜒᜈᜐ᜔|| (Repúbliká nang Pilipinas)
Collapsable list edit
- Repúbliká kan Filipinas (Bikol)
- Repúbliká sa Pilipinas (Cebuano)
- Repúbliká sg̃ Pilipinas (Hiligaynon)
- Repúbliká ti Filipinas (Ilokano)
- Repúbliká ning Filipinas (Kapampangan)
- Repúbliká na Filipinas (Pangasinan)
- Repúbliká ng̃ Pilipinas (Tagalog)
- Repúbliká han Pilipinas (Waray-Waray)
Collapsable list 2 edit
- Repúbliká kan Filipinas (Bikol)
- Repúbliká sa Pilipinas (Cebuano)
- Repúbliká sg̃ Pilipinas (Hiligaynon)
- Repúbliká ti Filipinas (Ilokano)
- Repúbliká ning Filipinas (Kapampangan)
- Repúbliká kang Pilipinas (Kinaray-a)
- Repúbliká na Filipinas (Pangasinan)
- Repúbliká ng̃ Pilipinas (Tagalog)
- Repúblicá de Filipinas (Spanish/Chavacano)
- Repúbliká han Pilipinas (Waray-Waray)
Part 2 edit
Alphabet edit
TAG edit
29 letters edit
Majuscule Forms (also called uppercase or capital letters) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
A | B | C | Ch | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | L | Ll | M | N | Ñ | N͠g | O | P | Q | R | Rr | S | T | U | V | X | Y | Z | |
Minuscule Forms (also called lowercase or small letters) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a | b | c | ch | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | l | ll | m | n | ñ | n͠g | o | p | q | r | rr | s | t | u | v | x | y | z |
Katipunan Alphabet edit
- 30. Anong wika ang ginagamit ng̃ mg̃á kasapi sa "Katipunan"?
- Ang tagalog; n͠guni't ang kahulugan ng̃ ilang titik ng̃ abakadang kastila ay iniba sa kanilang pagsulat ng̃ mg̃á kasulatan at gayon din sa paglagdá ng̃ kanilang mg̃á sagisag. Ang titik na "a" ay ginawang "z", ang "c" at "q" ay ginawang "k", ang "i" ay "n", ang "l" at "ll" ay "j" ang "m" ay "v", ang "n" ay "ll", ang "o" ay "c" at ang "u" ay "x". Ang f, j, v, x at z ng̃ abakadang kastila ay itinakwil pagka't hindi kailan͠gan. Sa maliwanag na ulat ay ganitó ang Abakadá (alfabeto) ng̃ "Katipunan" kung itutulad sa abakada ng̃ wikang kastila.
Abakada ng̃ kastila | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | LL | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
Abakada ng̃ "Katipunan" | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Z | B | K | D | Q | - | G | H | N | - | K | J | V | LL | C | P | K | R | S | T | X | - | W | - | Y | - |
TAG/PIL edit
20 letters, Pilipino - Santos (Pilipino 1939-1976, Tagalog 1939-present)
http://www.sil.org/asia/Philippines/sipl/SIPL_5-2_057-118.pdf
Majuscule Forms (also called uppercase or capital letters) | |||||||||||||||||||
A | B | K | D | E | G | H | I | L | M | N | Ng | O | P | R | S | T | U | W | Y |
Minuscule Forms (also called lowercase or small letters) | |||||||||||||||||||
a | b | k | d | e | g | h | i | l | m | n | ng | o | p | r | s | t | u | w | y |
PIL 76 edit
31 letters, Pilipino (1976-1987)
Majuscule Forms (also called uppercase or capital letters) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
A | B | C | Ch | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | Ll | M | N | Ñ | Ng | O | P | Q | R | Rr | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | |
Minuscule Forms (also called lowercase or small letters) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a | b | c | ch | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | ll | m | n | ñ | ng | o | p | q | r | rr | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z |
FIL edit
28 letters, Filipino - KWF (1987-present)
Majuscule Forms (also called uppercase or capital letters) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | Ñ | Ng | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
Minuscule Forms (also called lowercase or small letters) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | ñ | ng | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z |
Notes edit
- History
- http://www.gutenberg.org/browse/languages/tl
http://www.geocities.com/interpinoy2001/InterPinoy_00/nov_dec00/story09.html - Nasyonalismo? 20 letter abakada vs 32 letter alphabet of Francisco Baltazar "Balagtas"- http://www.pilipino-express.com/history-a-culture/in-other-words/352-nang-or-ng-the-long-and-the-short-of-it.html Nang? Ng?
- http://www.pilipino-express.com/history-a-culture/in-other-words.html?start=4 Tagalog + Spanish orthography = Irregularity
- http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=522469&page=5
- http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=522469&page=34
- http://books.google.com/books?id=z3teLqJ3Jj4C&printsec=titlepage&dq=Domingo - A Handbook and Grammar
- http://www.archive.org/details/handbookgrammaro00mack - An Handbook and Grammar 2
- http://books.google.com/books?id=JEihwiTByFkC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Tagalog Concise English-Tagalog Dictionary
- http://books.google.com/books?id=cc7wUSVhaYwC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Tagalog - Tagalog Structures
- http://books.google.com/books?id=OSLC9rRbnWQC&printsec=titlepage&source=gbs_summary_r&cad=0 Tagalog-English and English-Tagalog Dictionary
- http://www.mts.net/~pmorrow/filpro.htm Paul Morrow's site - Guide on Pronunciation of Filipino
- http://www.banyuhay.co.cc/ - Baybayin site
- http://www.scribd.com/doc/7479057/Isang-Gabay-Sa-Ortograpiya-Ng-Wikang-Pambansa
- http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=rbc3&fileName=rbc0001_2002rosen1302page.db&recNum=4
- http://books.google.com/books?id=rF-DrgtbDmgC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false FILIPINO-ENGLISH VOCABULARY... By EUSEBIO T. DALUZ
- http://quod.lib.umich.edu/p/philamer/AQJ7937.0001.001?view=toc FILIPINO-ENGLISH VOCABULARY... By EUSEBIO T. DALUZ (backup)
Ehemplo Halimbawa ng mga gamit sa [mga] letrang titik na Ññ, ÑGñg N͠Gn͠g at NGng :
cariñoso/cariñosa = lovely/charming
lan͠git = heaven; pan͠git = ugly ; lan͠góy = to swim ; n͠gunit = but
langám = ant ; sangól = baby ; bangâ = collide
Pan͠ganiban
Batangas
lan͠git = langit = la-ngit
sangol = sanggol = sang-gol
old n͠g/ñg/gñ/g̃ preceded by vowel= /ŋ/ = modern ng
old ng (without tilde) = /ŋɡ/ = modern ngg
n͠ga, n͠ge, n͠gi, n͠go, n͠gu, ng
“ | By poster "manileño" at SkyScraperCity Philippine Forums:
Kayá dapat manatili ang man͠gá salitâng nabuô sa kaníkanilang panahón, kagaya nang serbidor at internet. Ang serbidor imbés na "server" sapagka't itó'y isang concepto na nagmulá sa panahóng castila. Ang internet namán ay napakilala mulá sa ingles. Walang patutun͠guhan ang wika kapag artificial ang pagsalin at hindi pag-gamit nang luma at kinaugalíang vocabulario. Balagtas Tagalog: Cayá dapat manatili ang man͠gá salitâng nabuô sa canícanilang panajón, cagaya nang servidor at internet. Ang servidor en vez na "server" sapagca't itó'y isang concepto na nagmulá sa panajóng castilla. Ang internet namán ay napaquilala mulá sa ingles. Ualang patutun͠gujan ang uíca capag artificial ang pagsalin at jindi pag-gamit nang luma at quinaugaliang vocabulario. |
” |
PAALAALA SA MGA MAPAGUSAPIN (J. Rizal) edit
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/18802/18802-h/18802-h.htm
Minsa'y dalawang magkaibigan ay nakatagpô ng̃ isang kabibi sa tabi ng̃ dagat. Pinagtalunang ariin ng̃ dalawa't, at ang sabi ng̃ isa'y
—Ako, aniya ang nakakitang una.
—Ako naman ang pumulot, ang sagot ng̃ Kaibigan.
Sa pagtatalong ito'y humarap silá sa hukom at [humin͠gî] ng̃ hatol. Binuksan ng̃ hukom ang Kabibi, at kinain ang laman at pinaghati sa kanilang dalawa ang balat.
Paalaala sa mg̃a mapagusapin.
The G̃ /g̃ edit
- http://www.gutenberg.org/files/16641/16641-h/16641-h.htm Dimsalang Kalendaryong Tagalog
- http://www.gutenberg.org/files/18802/18802-h/18802-h.htm
- mg̃a = man͠gá
- ng̃ = nang
- Taog̃ 1920 = Taong 1920
- Kalandariog̃ Tagalog = Kalendaryong Tagalog
- humig̃î = humin͠gî = humingî (modern)
A Theory on G̃ /g̃ (not official) edit
If g̃ is preceded by a consonant, then g̃ = -ang
- mg̃á = man͠gá
- ng̃ = nang
If g̃ is preceded by a vowel, then g̃ = -ng
- Taog̃ 1920 = Taong 1920
- Kalandariog̃ Tagalog = Kalendaryong Tagalog
- humig̃î = humin͠gî = humingî (modern)
Rizal's Advice edit
- http://www.gutenberg.org/files/18802/18802-h/18802-h.htm
- http://www.pilipino-express.com/pdfs/inotherwords/060701%20Ng%20&%20Nang.pdf
Use g̃ instead of ng or n͠g
- long nang = nag̃
- short nang = ng̃
- humin͠gî = humig̃î
"nang" = "ng̃" = "ng"; "na na" = "na-ng" = "nang" edit
- "nang" = "ng̃" = "ng"
- baro nang (man͠gá) Tagalog = baro ng̃ (mg̃á) Tagalog = baro ng (mga) Tagalog
- "na na" = "na-ng" = "nang"
- "lima" na piso = lima-ng piso = limang piso
- anim na piso = anim na piso
- "baro" na Tagalog = baro-ng Tagalog = barong Tagalog
- "Wala na" na tao = Wala na-ng tao = Wala nang tao
Original word | Old abbreviation | Modern abbreviation |
---|---|---|
nang ("of/of the") | ng̃ | ng |
man͠gá | mg̃á | mga |
na na | na-ng | nang |
lima na piso | lima-ng piso | limang piso |
baro na Tagalog | baro-ng Tagalog | barong Tagalog |
Therefore, barong Tagalog = baro ng na Tagalog
(According to the rules for the usage of "-g, -ng, and na")
Salita Blog: Tagalog verbs edit
- http://salitablog.blogspot.com/2007/03/tagalog-verbs.html
- http://salitablog.blogspot.com/2006_01_01_archive.html - Linkers
- http://www2.hawaii.edu/~bender/tagalog.pdf
- http://www.sil.org/asia/Philippines/sipl/SIPL_1-1_053-074.pdf
- http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/Grammar%20Activities/Focus%20and%20Verbs.ppt
- http://books.google.com/books?id=C84jnF1okoMC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0 Basic Tagalog
Infinitive | Contemplative | Progressive | Completed | Imperative | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Actor Focus I | -um- (gumawâ) |
CV- (gágawâ) |
Cu[ng]mV- (gumágawâ) (gungmágawâ) |
-u[ng]m- (gumawâ) (gungmawâ) |
0 (root) (gawâ) |
Actor Focus I-A Batangas/Southern Tagalog |
-um- (gumawâ) |
CV- (gágawâ) or má- (mágawâ) |
ná- (nágawâ) |
-u[ng]m- (gumawâ) (gungmawâ) |
0 (gawâ) |
Actor Focus I-B Marinduque |
-um- (gumawâ) |
má- (mágawâ) |
ná- (nágawâ) |
-u[ng]m- (gumawâ) (gungmawâ) |
0 (gawâ) |
Actor Focus II | mag- (magbigáy) |
magCV- (magbíbigáy) |
nagCV- (nagbíbigáy) |
nag- (nagbigáy) |
pag- (pagbigáy) |
Actor Focus II-A Marinduque |
mag- (magbigáy) |
[ma]ga- ([ma]gabigáy) |
naga- (nagabigáy) |
nag- (nagbigáy) |
pag- (pagbigáy) |
Actor Focus III | ma- (matulog) |
maCV- (matutulog) |
naCV- (natutulog) |
na- (natulog) |
0? (tulog)? |
Actor Focus IV | mang- (manghuli) |
mangCV- (manghuhuli) |
nangCV- (nanghuhuli) |
nang- (nanghuli) |
pang- (panghuli) |
Object Focus I | -in (kainin) |
CV-...-in (kakainin) |
CinV- (kinakain) |
-in- (kinain) |
0 (kain) |
Object Focus I-A Marinduque |
-in (kainin) |
a-...-in (akainin) |
ina- (inakain) |
-in- (kinain) |
-a (kaina) |
Object Focus II | i- (itapon) |
iCV- (itatapon) |
iCinV- (itinatapon) |
i-in- (itinapon) |
-an (tapunan) |
Object Focus II-A Batangas/Southern Tagalog |
i- (itapon) |
iCV- (itatapon) |
iCinV- (itinatapon) |
i-in- (itinapon) |
-i (tapuni) |
Object Focus II-B Marinduque |
i- (itapon) |
a- (atapon) |
ina- (inatapon) |
i-in- (itinapon) |
-an (tapunan) |
Object Focus III | -an (tawagan) |
CV-...-an (tatawagan) |
CinV-...-an (tinatawagan) |
-in-...-an (tinawagan) |
-i (tawagi) |
Object Focus III-A Marinduque |
-an (tawagan) |
a-...-an (atawagan) |
ina-...-an (inatawagan) |
-in-...-an (tinawagan) |
-i (tawagi) |
Locative Focus | -an (puntahán) |
CV-...-an (pupuntahán) |
CinV-...-an (pinupuntahán) |
-in-...-an (pinuntahán) |
|
Benefactive Focus I | i- (ibilí) |
iCV- (ibibilí) |
iCinV- (ibinibilí) |
i-in- (ibinilí) |
|
Benefactive Focus II | ipag- (ipaglutò) |
ipagCV- (ipaglulutò) |
ipinagCV- (ipinaglulutò) |
ipinag (ipinaglutò) |
|
Benefactive Focus III | -an (timplahán) |
CV-...-an (titimplahán) |
CinV-...-an (tinitimplahán) |
-in-...-an (tinimplahán) |
|
Instrument Focus | ipang- (ipanghampás) |
ipangCV- (ipanghahampás) |
ipinangCV- (ipinanghahampás) |
ipinang- (ipinanghampás) |
|
ipan- (ipanlinis) |
ipanCV- (ipanlilinis) |
ipinanCV- (ipinanlilinis) |
ipinan- (ipinanlinis) |
||
ipam- (ipamputol) |
ipamCV- (ipampuputol) |
ipinamCV- (ipinampuputol) |
ipinam- (ipinamputol) |
||
Reason Focus | ika- (ikagalíng) |
ikaCV- (ikagágalíng) |
ikinaCV- (ikinagágalíng) |
ikina- (ikinagalíng) |
- *Ikagalíng = "cause of betterment"
- *Bilha = "buy it"?
- *Bilhi = "buy from it"?
- *Bilhan = "buy for/with it"?
- ipaN set
- ipang - a, e, i, o, u & g, h, k, m, n, ng, w, y
- ipan - d, l, r, s, t
- ipam - b, p
Batangas/Southern Tagalog edit
Infinitive | Contemplative | Progressive | Completed | Imperative | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Actor Focus I-A Batangas/Southern Tagalog |
-um- (gumawâ) |
CV- (gágawâ) or má- (mágawâ) |
ná- (nágawâ) |
-u[ng]m- (gumawâ) (gungmawâ) |
0 (gawâ) |
Actor Focus II | mag- (magbigáy) |
magCV- (magbíbigáy) |
nagCV- (nagbíbigáy) |
nag- (nagbigáy) |
pag- (pagbigáy) |
Object Focus I | -in (kainin) |
CV-...-in (kakainin) |
CinV- (kinakain) |
-in- (kinain) |
0 (kain) |
Object Focus II-A Batangas/Southern Tagalog |
i- (itapon) |
iCV- (itatapon) |
iCinV- (itinatapon) |
i-in- (itinapon) |
-i (tapuni) |
Object Focus III | -an (tawagan) |
CV-...-an (tatawagan) |
CinV-...-an (tinatawagan) |
-in-...-an (tinawagan) |
-i (tawagi) |
Marinduque edit
Infinitive | Contemplative | Progressive | Completed | Imperative | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Actor Focus I-B Marinduque |
-um- (gumawâ) |
má- (mágawâ) |
ná- (nágawâ) |
-u[ng]m- (gumawâ) (gungmawâ) |
0 (gawâ) |
Actor Focus II-A Marinduque |
mag- (magbigáy) |
[ma]ga- ([ma]gabigáy) |
naga- (nagabigáy) |
nag- (nagbigáy) |
pag- (pagbigáy) |
Actor Focus IV | mang- (manghuli) |
mangCV- (manghuhuli) |
nangCV- (nanghuhuli) |
nang- (nanghuli) |
pang- (panghuli) |
Object Focus I-A Marinduque |
-in (kainin) |
a-...-in (akainin) |
ina- (inakain) |
-in- (kinain) |
-a (kaina) |
Object Focus II-B Marinduque |
i- (itapon) |
a- (atapon) |
ina- (inatapon) |
i-in- (itinapon) |
-an (tapunan) |
Object Focus III-B Marinduque |
-an (tawagan) |
a-...-an (atawagan) |
ina-...-an (inatawagan) |
-in-...-an (tinawagan) |
-i (tawagi) |
Variations edit
- For words beginning with /b/ & /p/, plus others. The first syllable is altered in three of the four cases. (Seen in Florante at Laura)
Infinitive | Contemplative | Progressive | Completed | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Actor Focus1 (unassimilated) |
-um- (bumasa) |
CV- (babasa) |
Cu[ng]mV- (bumabasa) (bungmabasa) |
-u[ng]m- (bumasa) (bungmasa) |
Actor Focus (assimilated) |
mV- masa |
CV- babasa ako |
nVnV- nanasa ako |
nV- nasa ako |
Infinitive | Contemplative | Progressive | Completed | |
Actor Focus1 (unassimilated) |
-um- (bumukál) |
CV- (búbukál) |
Cu[ng]mV- (bumúbukál) (bungmúbukál) |
-u[ng]m- (bumukál) (bungmukál) |
Actor Focus (assimilated) |
mV- mukál |
CV- bubukál |
nVnV- nunukál |
nV- nukál |
Infinitive | Contemplative | Progressive | Completed | |
Actor Focus1 (unassimilated) |
-um- (pumasok) |
CV- (papasok) |
Cu[ng]mV- (pumapasok) (pungmapasok) |
-u[ng]m- (pumasok) (pungmasok) |
Actor Focus (assimilated) |
mV- masok |
CV- papasok ako |
nVnV- nanasok ako |
nV- nasok ako |
Infinitive | Contemplative | Progressive | Completed | |
Actor Focus1 (unassimilated) |
-um- (pumaták) |
CV- (papaták) |
Cu[ng]mV- (pumápaták) (pungmápaták) |
-u[ng]m- (pumaták) (pungmaták) |
Actor Focus (assimilated) |
mV- maták |
CV- pápaták |
nVnV- nánaták |
nV- naták |
Others edit
- http://salitablog.blogspot.com/2005/04/old-books-on-philippine-languages.html Salita Blog
- http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=philamer;cc=philamer;rgn=full%20text;idno=aax2353.0001.001;didno=AAX2353.0001.001;view=image;seq=22;page=root;size=s;frm=frameset;
- http://www.lavote.net/VOTER/MULTILINGUAL/PDFS/TRANSLATION_GLOSS_TAGALOG.PDF
Cebuano edit
Imperfective (Begun) | Perfective (Recent) | Imperative | |
---|---|---|---|
Not Begun | Begun | ||
ma- | nagka- naka- |
na- | |
mo- | nag- ga- |
ni- mi- hing- |
|
mag- | nag- naga- |
nag- | |
-an | gina-...-an | gi-...-an | |
-on | gina- | gi- | |
i- | gina- | gi- | |
mang- | nang- nagpang- |
nang- |
- http://books.google.com/books?id=5i1aMcmLWlMC&pg=PA168&lpg=PA168&dq=Tagalog+ipan-+affix&source=bl&ots=5-Id6hGYcb&sig=r-ocHLlZPqZgzbCStzyfQzXs0aA&hl=en&ei=9ldUSpD2CZ7cswOJruCNCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5
- http://www.bohol.ph/books/Jimenez/EnglishBisayaGrammar.html
- http://books.google.com/books?id=CkH3p9TbsnQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Binisaya&lr=&as_brr=3#PPA12,M1
- http://www.iisc.com/Philippines/CEBUANO_LANG.pdf
- http://books.google.com/books?id=9Ctqni167PUC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0
- http://www.tomandcathymarking.com/cebuano.htm
- http://www.sil.org/asia/philippines/sipl/SIPL_1-2_073-109.pdf SIL
- http://www.languagelinks.org/oldsite/pdf/fil_cbstd.pdf
- http://www.freewebs.com/nidans/learncebuano2.htm Freewebs
- http://www.binisaya.com/content/aspectual-affixes-cebuano-verbs
- http://www.flickr.com/photos/lamintak/669028661/ - Conjugation Chart
- http://books.google.com/books?id=cl_xtokPs0sC&pg=PA207&dq=bisaya+verb&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&as_brr=3 Studies in Relational Grammar
- http://www.nanzan-u.ac.jp/SHUBUNKEN/publications/afs/pdf/a70.pdf Notes on Syntax
Hiligaynon edit
- http://books.google.com/books?id=F2SRqDzB50wC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0 Languages of the World
Kapampangan edit
- http://books.google.com/books?id=8jlHAAAAIAAJ&printsec=titlepage&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0 Kapampangan
- http://books.google.com/books?id=_-EKAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP7&dq=capampangan&lr=&as_brr=3 English-Spanish-Kapampangan Dictionary
Spanish edit
Translations edit
Language | Town | City | Province | Country/Nation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ilocano | ili | (ili, ciudad) | (provincia) | pagilian |
Pangasinan | baléy | baléy | luyag | bangsâ |
Kapampangan | balén | lakanbalén | lalawigan | bangsâ |
Tagalog | bayan | (lungsód) | lalawigan | bansâ/bayan |
Bicol | banwaan | (ciudad) | (provincia) | banwâ |
Waray-Waray | bungto | (syudad) | lalawigan | nasód |
Cebuano | lungsód | dakbayan | lalawigan | nasód |
Hiligaynon | banwa | dakbanwa | (probinsiya) | pungsod |
Others | ||||
"Filipino" | bayan | lungsód | lalawigan | bansâ |
None | bayan | "lakanbayan" | lalawigan | bangsâ |
None | banwaan | "dakbanwaan" | lalawigan | banwâ |
None | bungto | "dabungto" | lalawigan | nasód |
None | lungsód | "dalungsód" "daklungsód" |
lalawigan | nasód |
http://www.archive.org/stream/censusofphilippi03philiala#page/n5/mode/2up
Language | Municipality (City, Town, etc.) |
Province | Country/Nation | |
---|---|---|---|---|
"Filipino" | lungsod (city) bayan (town) |
lalawigan | bansâ/bayan | |
Ilocano | ili | (provincia) | pagilian | |
Pangasinan | baléy | luyag | bangsâ | |
Kapampangan | balén | lalawigan | bangsâ | |
Tagalog | bayan | lalawigan | bansâ/bayan | |
Bicol | banwaan | (provincia) | banwâ | |
Waray-Waray | bungto | lalawigan | nasód | |
Cebuano | lungsód | lalawigan | nasód | |
Hiligaynon | banwa | (probinsiya) | pungsod | |
Alternate | ||||
"Filipino" | bayan | lalawigan | bansâ/bayan | |
Ilocano | ili | provincia | pagilian | |
Pangasinan | baléy | luyag | bangsâ | |
Kapampangan | balén | lalawigan | bangsâ | |
Tagalog | bayan | lalawigan | bansâ/bayan | |
Tagalog Alternate |
bayan (town) dakilang bayan (city) |
lalawigan | haring bayan | |
Bicol | banwaan | provincia | banwâ | |
Waray-Waray | bungto | lalawigan | nasód | |
Cebuano | lungsód | lalawigan | nasód | |
Hiligaynon | banwa | provincia | pungsod |