This is reading list, curriculum, work-in-progress. resume is on User:Jaredscribe#Zionism, Palestine, Israel
The Arab–Israeli alliance against Iran emerged in 2017. The February 2019 Warsaw Conference prepared the way for the Abraham Accords, the Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement, and the Arab–Israeli conflict § Israeli normalization with Gulf states and Sudan Negev Summit
Recent phase of the Arab League and the Arab–Israeli conflict
- 5 Iyar Independence Day (Israel), 15 May Nakba Day
- 30 Nov Day to Mark the Departure and Expulsion of Jews from the Arab Countries and Iran
- Libyan Day_of_Revenge/Friendship?
Mandatory Palestine edit
We have watched the rise and fall of this Palestine problem. In 1917 Jewish hopes were raised in all parts of the world. It was thought that at long last here was the Jewish Magna Carta. By 1921 Transjordan was lopped off; in 1922 free immigration became immigration on the basis of absorptive capacity; in 1933 land sales were restricted; in 1937, partition was accepted by the Government; and in 1938 partition was rejected by the Government; and in 1939 we see the funeral of the mandate."
— Tom Williams was member of Churchhill's Coalition Government 1940-1945, and later of the government of Clement Attlee
Lehi Stern
Dr. Chaim Weizmann
17 May 1939 White Paper
21st Zionist Congress
28 Feb 1940 British gov't issued the land transfer regulations envisioned in the White Paper: Palestine divided into Zone A (only to Palestinian Arab), Zone B (Gov't discretion), Zone C (no restrictions). Jewish National Fund.
Israeli Independence and Arab Catastrophe edit
London Conference of 1946–47 boycotted except by Arab League states, who argue against partition.
UNSCOP majority proposal 8/11, Zionist side accepts, Arab side rejects. General Assembly appoints Ad Hoc Committee on the Palestinian Question which ..
29 Nov 1947 United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine, Resolution 181. Accepted by the Jewish Agency, rejected by Arab leaders. 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine breaks out. 1947–1949 Palestine war duplicate?
Arab Higher Committee: Grand Mufti of Jerusalem and president of Supreme Muslim Council Amin al-Husayni, Raghib al-Nashashibi
March 1948 arms smuggling Operation Balak
Va'ad Leumi, Jewish Agency, Haganah Command, prominent figures from trade unions, religion, literature and arts, representatives of the Yishuv, at the Tel Aviv Museum hall
5 Iyar / 14 May David Ben-Gurion proclaims Israeli Declaration of Independence, s:Declaration of Independence (Israel)
British general Alan Cunningham
Levett Machal Sar-el
Divided 1951-1967 edit
King Abdullah crowned king of Jerusalem by the Coptic bishop. He had himself declared king of Palestine in Jericho, and renamed the realm "United Kingdom of Jordan".[1] Appointed Raghib al-Nashashibi governer of West Bank and Custodian of the two harams (Jerusalem and Hebron) Appointed Sheikh Husam al-Jarallah as mufti.
King Farouk overthrown by Free Officers of Egypt, led by general Muhammad Neguib and colonel Gamel Abdel Nasser.
Six Days and Jerusalem edit
Straits of Tiran blockade, Israeli passage through the Suez Canal and Straits of Tiran.
Egypt–Israel peace treaty, Israel–Jordan peace treaty, Israel–Saudi Arabia relations#Straits of Tiran
5782—2022 edit
Blinken and Lapid would head to Sde Boker for the Negev Summit, along with their Bahraini, Egyptian, Emirati and Moroccan counterparts. Blinken called the Houthis’ attack on Iran “acts of terrorism enabled by Iran.” Blinken also pointed out that Iran continues to engage in aggressive actions throughout the Middle East and beyond, directly and through proxies, and spoke out against “mounting terrorist attacks by the Houthis on civilians and civilian infrastructure in the UAE and Saudi Arabia.”
“The US will continue to stand up to Iran when it threatens us or our allies and partners,” Blinken said.
The US believes “the JCPOA is the best way to put Iran back in the box,” Blinken said, referring to the 2015 nuclear deal to which the US seeks to return, and Israel opposes. Regardless of whether that effort succeeds, he said, “our commitment to the core principle that Iran can never acquire a nuclear weapon is unwavering.”
“One way or another, we will continue to cooperate closely,” he stated.
“Iran is not an Israeli problem,” Lapid said. “The whole world cannot allow there to be a nuclear Iran and cannot allow the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps to continue to spread terror across the globe.” Lapid: “Israel will do everything it thinks is right in order to stop the Iran nuclear program. Everything.” Lapid: “That is not a theoretical threat for us,” he added. “The Iranians want to destroy Israel. They won’t succeed. We won’t let them.” Blinken, US secretary of state: "[the Negev Summit ] would have been unthinkable just a few years ago,” and said the US is committed to expanding cooperation through the Abraham Accords.
Blinken: "[will] affirm America’s ironclad commitment to Israel’s security.” Biden signed the omnibus funding bill that included $1 billion for the Iron Dome missile defense system.
JPost Negev Summit NYTimes Negev Summit
5 August 2022 Operation Breaking Dawn contra Palestinian Islamic Jihad in Gaza Strip: 20 militants and many civilians, with 1,100 rockets fired into Israels south and center, some misfiring and killing civilians in Gaza.[2]
Israel—Palestine edit
- Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire was fought by the Maccabees in Judea in 167-164 BCE, giving us Hannukah.
- Arab-Israeli conflict 1948-1973
- Israeli-Palestinian conflict ongoing
Egypt
Israel
∟ Northern District[a]
∟ 
Judea and Samaria Area
∟ 
East Jerusalem[b]
Jordan
Lebanon
State of Palestine
(Palestinian National Authority)
∟
Gaza Strip[c]
∟
West Bank
Syria
- State of Palestine, a de jure sovereign state in Western Asia
- Palestine (region), a geographic region in Western Asia
- Palestinian territories, territories occupied by Israel since 1967, namely the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip
- Palestinian enclaves, the areas designated for Palestinians under a variety of US and Israeli-led proposals
- Mandatory Palestine (1920–1948), a geopolitical entity under British administration
- Timeline of the name "Palestine" lists other historic uses
Palestine Etymological considerations edit
The Philistines or Peleset were one of the mediterranean Sea-peoples of probably Aegean or Greek origin, from Mycenaean civilization[citation needed], who inhabited five major cities in Gaza coast in ancient times, and were thought by the Hebrews to have originated in Caphtor - Crete / Minoa.
Per Martin Noth, the name likely comes from the Aramaic word for Philistine. Noth also described a strong similarity between the word Palestine and the Greek word "palaistês" (wrestler/rival/adversary), which has the same meaning as the word "Israel."[3] This was expanded by David Jacobson to theorize the name being a portmanteau of the word for Philistines with a direct translation of the word Israel into Greek (in concordance with the Greek penchant for punning on place names.[4][5]
References edit
- ^ Golan Heights was annexed to Israel's Northern District via Golan Heights Law but Israeli sovereignty over Golan is not recognised internationally.
- ^ East Jerusalem was annexed to Israel via Jerusalem Law but Israeli sovereignty over Jerusalem is disputed.
- ^ Governed by Hamas since 2007.
- ^ Montefiore 2011, p. 504.
- ^ Boxerman, Dov Lieber and Aaron (2022-08-08). "Israel Reopens Gaza Crossing as Cease-Fire Holds". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2022-08-11.
- ^ Noth 1939.
- ^ Jacobson 1999, p. [page needed]: "In the earliest Classical literature references to Palestine generally applied to the Land of Israel in the wider sense. A reappraisal of this question has given rise to the proposition that the name Palestine, in its Greek form Palaistine, was both a transliteration of a word used to describe the land of the Philistines and, at the same time, a literal translation of the name Israel. This dual interpretation reconciles apparent contradictions in early definitions of the name Palaistine and is compatible with the Greeks' penchant for punning, especially on place names."
- ^ Beloe, W. (1821). Herodotus, Vol.II. London. p. 269.
It should be remembered that Syria is always regarded by Herodotus as synonymous with Assyria. What the Greeks called Palestine the Arabs call Falastin, which is the Philistines of Scripture.
(tr. from Greek, with notes)
Bibliography edit
- Louvish, Misha (1968). The Challenge Of Israel. Jerusalem: Israel Universities Press. ASIN B000OKO5U2.
- Montefiore, Simon Sebag (2011). Jerusalem: The Biography. Vintage Books, Random House. ISBN 978-0-307-28050-3.