User:Io Katai/Comparison of Kagoshima dialects
Phonology
edit
| Phenomenon
|
Example
|
Tokyo
|
Kagoshima
|
Hachijo
|
Ryukyu
|
| Mainland |
Eicho (SK) |
Tanegashima |
Kuroshima |
Nakanojima |
Takara |
Shodon |
Shuri
|
| re → i
|
*kore
|
no
|
yes
|
no
|
| ri → i
|
*mori
|
no
|
yes
|
no
|
yes
|
no
|
yes
|
| Ni → N
|
*kagami
|
no
|
yes
|
no
|
yes
|
| Nu → N
|
*inu
|
no
|
yes
|
no
|
yes
|
variable
|
yes
|
no
|
yes
|
| CV → CVː
|
*ki
|
no
|
yes
|
?
|
variable
|
no
|
variable
|
yes
|
| e → i
|
|
no
|
yes
|
| o → u
|
*tori
|
no
|
yes
|
| kʷ → k
|
*kwashi
|
yes
|
variable
|
no
|
variable
|
no
|
| Vː → V
|
|
no
|
yes
|
variable
|
no
|
| su → ɕi
|
*suna
|
no
|
yes
|
| su → s, ɕi → ɕ
|
*mushi
|
no
|
yes
|
no
|
Vocabulary
edit
| Meaning
|
Tokyo
|
Kagoshima
|
Hachijo
|
Ryukyu
|
| Mainland |
Eicho (SK) |
Tanegashima |
Kuroshima |
Nakanojima |
Takara |
Shodon |
Shuri
|
| this
|
kore
|
koi
|
kʰurʲí/kʰúr
|
kuri
|
| that
|
sore
|
soi
|
soi~hoi
|
ʔurʲí/ʔúr
|
ʔuri
|
| that over there
|
are
|
ai
|
ʔarʲí/ʔár
|
ʔari
|
| today
|
kjoː
|
kju
|
?
|
kjoː
|
kjuː
|
(?) kjoː~kjɔː
|
kʰju(ː)
|
t͡ɕuː
|
| yesterday
|
kinoː
|
kinu
|
?
|
kinjoː
|
kinoː
|
?
|
kʲinʲu(ː)
|
t͡ɕinuː
|
| man
|
otoko
|
?
|
jiŋga
|
wikiga
|
| woman
|
onna
|
onago
|
onaŋo
|
onago
|
onnago
|
wunaːku/wunak
|
winagu
|
Morphology
edit
| Tokyo |
M. Kagoshima |
Tanegashima |
Okinawan
|
| -masu |
-mos(u) |
-moːsu |
-abiin (<haberu)
|
| -nasai |
-yai, -yanse |
? |
?
|
| -kudasai |
-kuiyai, -kuiyanse |
? |
-kwimisooree
|
| -i |
-i/-ka |
? |
-san
|
| -teiru |
-choru, -toru |
? |
-toon
|
References
edit
