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Régiment de Lorraine

Création et différentes dénominations

• Avril 1644 : création du régiment de Carignan
• mai 1665 : renommé régiment de Carignan-Balthazard
• 1665 : prend le nom de régiment de Carignan-Salières
• 18 juillet 1676 : devient régiment de Soissons
• décembre 1690 : prend le nom de régiment de Perche
• mars 1744 : prend le titre de régiment des Gardes-Lorraines
• 28 mars 1766 : prend le nom de régiment de Lorraine
• 1er janvier 1791 : renommé 47e régiment d'infanterie de ligne

Carignan Regiment

Forte delle Saline

The regiment is of Piedmontese origin, and until the treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659 it served in the French Army as an auxiliary. It was raised in April 1644 by Prince Thomas of Carignano whose name it bore. The prince was its proprietary colonel, but the actual command came under a mestre de camp whom he appointed.

In August 1645, the regiment participated in the siege of Vigevano in Lombardy, and on October 19, the same year, in the engagement at La Morra in Piedmont. The following year in took part in the expedition to the Spanish-ruled town of Ortebello under command of Prince Thomas. On May 2, 1646 the regiment embarked from Genoa on the fleet of the Duke of Brezé. Eighth days later the fleet arrived at the harbor of Talamone, and the land forces were disembarked after strong enemy resistance at the foot of Monte Argentario about 30 miles from Civitavecchia. The regiment distinguished itself in the capture of Forte delle Saline. When the siege of Ortebello was lifted by a relieving Spanish army, the regiment returned to Piedmont and was garrisoned at Trino.

In 1648 the regiment was sent to Casal Cermelli and when the French troops the following year was recalled to France, due to the Fronde, it also marched over the alps and served in Guyenne until 1652. The regiment then joined Louis XIV who had taken refuge behind the Loire and was part of the small army with Turenne brought the King back to Paris, where it distinguished itself exceedingly in the battle of the Faubourg St Antoine, although its commander, Baron de La Valdisère, was killed by the first salvos. It briefly returned to Piedmont in 1652 and partook in some minor campaigns before returning to France; going into winter quarters in the Dauphiné.

The regiment returned to Piedmont in 1653, where the Duke of Savoy inspected it at Turin; whence it went into the field and fought at the engagement of Rocchetta Tanaro. Two years later it excelled at the failed siege of Pavia; later also serving at the successful sieges of Valenza in 1656 and of Mortara in 1658.

Carignan-Salières

After the death of Prince Thomas in 1656, his son and heir Prince Emmanuel Philibert became proprietary colonel of the regiment. After the treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659, the prince was unable to maintain his regiment in Savoy and ceded it to France. It then became part of the French Army, but as a foreign regiment, so the prince continued as its proprietor. Reduced in strength to ten companies it was merged with the German foreign Balthazard Regiment under the name Carignan-Balthazard, when it in 1665 was ordered to proceed to Canada to fight the Iroquois. The prince remained in Europe, and the regiment came under the direct command of Colonel Johann Balthasar de Gachéo (Jean de Balthazard). He died the same year, however, and the command was taken over by Colonel Henri de Chastelard de Salières, the senior captain of the Balthazard Regiment. The regiment was henceforth known as the Carignan-Salières Regiment. The regiment constructed fortifications along the Richelieu River, and took part in three expeditions against the Iroquois in 1666. A peace settlement was reached the following year. Roughly 400 officers and soldiers remained behind in New France as settlers when the regiment returned to France in 1668.

In preparation for the Dutch War, Prince Emmanuel Philibert was ordered to rebuild his regiment to sixteen companies. Colonel de Salières, in command of what was left of the old Balthazard regiment, was offered its incorporation into the Carignan regiment and the field command of it under continuation of the title Carignan-Salières. The regiment participated in the French offensive in 1672 under the command of Marshal d'Humières and was then garrisoned in Kortrijk for two years. A few companies of the regiment were in 1674 detached for service in Sicily, where they the following year courageously defended the fort at Casteldaccia against a Spanish attack. In 1675, the bulk of the regiment moved from Kortrijk to Huy, leaving it in 1676 after razing its fortifications, and going into garrison in Philippeville.

Soissons Regiment

In 1676, the proprietorship of the regiment passed to Louis Thomas, Count of Soissons, nephew of Prince Emmanuel Philibert and older brother of Eugene of Savoy. Old Colonel de Sallières renounced his share of command and the regiment became the Soissons Regiment. During the siege of Valenciennes it manned the trenches with the French Guards and the Picardie Regiment. Its grenadiers were part of the assault force who stormed the walls when the place was taken. The Soissons Regiment again this year was involved in the sieges of Cambrai and Saint-Ghislain. In 1678, the regiment witnessed the capture of Ghent and Ypres, then, in June, it set out for Alsace, and joined the army of Marshal de Créquy, under whose orders it took part to the conquest of the fort at Kehl and to all the operations which took place this year and the following on the Rhine border.

During the War of the Reunions, the regiment fought at the siege of Luxembourg.

Lists of maestre de camps and colonels

1. Baron DE LA VAL D'ISÈRE ( N.), avril 1644.
2. DE ROCHEFORT (N. d'Aloigny ), juillet 1652.
3. DE BALTHAZARD ( Jean ), 1658.
4. DE SALLIÈRES ( N. de Chastellar ), 1665.
5. Marquis DE LIGNERAC (Joseph de Robert), 31 décembre 1690.
6. COTTERON ( N. ) juillet 1705.
7. Marquis DE CÉBERET ( Claude ) , 27 octobre 1706.
8. Marquis DE RIEUX ( Louis-Auguste ), 15 mars 1718.
9. Marquis DE LIVRY ( Paul Sanguin ), 16 avril1738.
10. Comte DE MONCAN (Jean-Baptiste de Marin ), 20 mars 1744.
11. Chevalier DE BEAUVAU-CRAON ( Ferdinand-Jérôme ), 26 février 1746.
12. Comte DECUCÉ(Louis-Bruno deBoisgelin), 14septembre 1760.
13. Duc DE MORTEMART ( Victurnin-Jean-Baptiste-Marie de Rochechouart ), 20 mars 1774.
14. Comte DE PRASLIN ( Antoine-César de Choiseul ), 10 mars 1788.
15. Vicomte D'OLONNE ( Pierre-François ), 23 novembre 1791.
16. COLOMB ( Joseph-Antoine), 16 mai 1792.

• Avril 1644 : Baron de La Val d'Isère
• Juillet 1652 : N. d'Aloigny de Rochefort
• 1665 : Jean de Balthazardnote 1
• 1665 : Henri de Chastelard de Salières
• 31 décembre 1690 : Joseph de Robert marquis de Ligneracnote 2
• Juillet 1705 : N. Cotteron
• 27 octobre 1706 : Claude marquis de Céberetnote 3
• 15 mars 1718 : Louis Auguste marquis de Rieuxnote 4
• 16 avril 1738 : Paul Sanguin marquis de Livry
• 20 mars 1744 : Jean-Baptiste de Marin comte de Moncannote 5
• 26 février 1746 : Ferdinand Jérôme chevalier de Beauvau-Craon
• 14 septembre 1760 : Louis Bruno de Boisgelin comte de Cucé
• 20 mars 1774 : Victurnin Jean-Baptiste Marie de Rochechouart duc de Mortemart
• 10 mars 1788 : Antoine César de Choiseul comte de Praslin
• 23 novembre 1791 : Pierre François vicomte d'Olonne